Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
4,088 listings
  • Price Drop
    $19,549
    great price
    $2,591 below market
    106,828 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    Oklahoma City Volkswagen (491 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 491 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Welcome to your locally owned and operated Oklahoma City Volkswagen! Your Volkswagen car dealership! We pride ourselves on having the most knowledgeab...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFAG3KC589520
    Stock: RC228119A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-10-2024

  • Price Drop
    $20,957
    great price
    $2,972 below market
    78,384 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Parks Motor Sales (477 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbia, TN / 477 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited Bright White Clearcoat Grand Cherokee Limited, 4D Sport Utility, 3.6L V6 24V VVT, 8-Speed Automatic, 4WD, Bright Whit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFBG9KC653641
    Stock: 653641N
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-17-2023

  • 69,022 miles
    1 Accident, 1 Owner, Personal use
    6cyl Automatic
    Driveway (211 mi away)
    Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 211 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Rare Find,Automatic Parking,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Lane Departure W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJECG7KC597143
    Stock: KC597143A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $19,900
    great price
    $2,820 below market
    147,179 miles
    2 Accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    8cyl Automatic
    Star Chevrolet (178 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Wiggins, MS / 178 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    4WD, 7 & 4 Pin Wiring Harness, Adaptive Cruise Control w/Stop, Advanced Brake Assist, Anodized/Light Black Chrome Interior Accents, Black Roof Molding...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFCT5KC578772
    Stock: C7671B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2024

  • 108,987 miles
    2 Accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    North Park Lexus of San Antonio (390 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 390 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    8.4 Touchscreen Display, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Black Suede Seats w/Black Stitching, GPS Navigation, Heated Front Seats, Power Liftgate, Wheels: ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJEAG8KC597185
    Stock: UC597185
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-01-2024

  • 75,067 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    THIScar (213 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tomball, TX / 213 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    As one of the largest online vehicle sales platforms in the nation, we sell and deliver vehicles all over the country every day and we offer guarantee...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFLG5KC666076
    Stock: PC666076
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2024

  • 103,118 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Auto Boutique (198 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Alvin, TX / 198 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Auto Boutique is proud to offer excellent, pre-owned vehicles. With our no haggle pricing policy you can be sure you are getting the best deal possib...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJEBG6KC656961
    Stock: 19636N
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-03-2024

  • $17,500
    great price
    $1,333 below market
    113,531 miles
    1 Accident, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    Ralph Sellers Hyundai (65 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Gonzales, LA / 65 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Granite Crystal Metallic Clearcoat exterior and Black interior. Heated Seats, Apple CarPlay®, Dual Zone A/C, Keyless Start, iPod/MP3 Input, ENGINE: 3....

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJEAG9KC650136
    Stock: 24H0364A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-23-2024

  • 91,658 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    THIScar (213 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tomball, TX / 213 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    As one of the largest online vehicle sales platforms in the nation, we sell and deliver vehicles all over the country every day and we offer guarantee...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFLG9KC622324
    Stock: PC622324
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-21-2024

  • Stock photo © eVox Productions**
    $19,900
    great price
    $2,352 below market
    68,281 miles
    2 Accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Lowery Brothers Motors (443 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Boaz, AL / 443 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFAG3KC719957
    Stock: 719957-W
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-02-2024

  • 96,480 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Southwest Ford (380 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Hudson Oaks, TX / 380 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFLG3KC693017
    Stock: 240654A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-06-2024

  • 82,822 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    Texan Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (195 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Humble, TX / 195 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    New Price! Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!Texan Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram is proud to offer this beautiful-looking 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limite...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJEBG1KC543967
    Stock: W246267B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-20-2024

  • 63,356 miles
    Frame damage reported, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Auto Boutique (198 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Alvin, TX / 198 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Auto Boutique is proud to offer excellent, pre-owned vehicles. With our no haggle pricing policy you can be sure you are getting the best deal possibl...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Title issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFAG4KC579143
    Stock: T20520
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-13-2024

  • 38,593 miles
    Insurance loss reported, 3 Owners, Personal use only
    8cyl Automatic
    TX Auto Group (209 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 209 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Have a look at this Modified (1000+ Horsepower), Hard to Find, Low Miles, Extra Clean, Loaded, & Serviced 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee TRACKAHWK 4X4 SUV w...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Title issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: Yes

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    13 Combined MPG (11 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFN90KC563811
    Stock: 563811-CS
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • 94,700 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    8cyl Automatic
    Bayer Ford (407 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Comanche, TX / 407 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! Bright White Clearcoat 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee High Altitude 4WD 8-Speed Automatic 5.7L V8 HEMI 4WD.Call us dir...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFCT9KC684075
    Stock: F26813
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-12-2024

  • 71,757 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Rental vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    TX Auto Group (209 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 209 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Have a look at this Extra Clean, Accident Free, Serviced, Adult Owned, & Non Smoker 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited 4X4 Luxury Sport SUV with Diamond...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFBGXKC665877
    Stock: 665877-TR
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    91,697 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Mac Haik Chevrolet (215 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 215 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Grand Cherokee Limited, 4D Sport Utility, 3.6L V6 24V VVT, 8-Speed Automatic, 4WD, Bright White Clearcoat, Black Leather. Recent Arrival! Priced belo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFBG3KC665722
    Stock: P14458
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-26-2024

  • 112,736 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    IMD Motors (338 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Richardson, TX / 338 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Meet our adventurous 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited 4WD shown proudly in Billet Silver Metallic! Powered by a 3.6 Liter Pentastar V6 that offers 293...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFBG9KC711599
    Stock: KC711599
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-29-2024

  • 43,796 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    THIScar (213 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Tomball, TX / 213 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    As one of the largest online vehicle sales platforms in the nation, we sell and deliver vehicles all over the country every day and we offer guarantee...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFJG5KC715151
    Stock: PC715151
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2024

  • 64,770 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    AutoNation USA Houston (203 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 203 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Full Size Spare Tire Keyless Start Rear Spoiler Diamond Black Crystal Pearlcoat Eco Suspension I Engine: 3.6L V6 24V Vvt Upg I W/Ess Lt Frost Beige/Bl...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJEAG5KC752212
    Stock: KC752212
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-02-2024

  • Price Drop
    $19,750
    good price
    $660 below market
    124,976 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    Mark McLarty Ford (321 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in North Little Rock, AR / 321 miles away from Lafayette, LA

    Leather, Heated Seats, Cruise Control, Steering Wheel Controls, Keyless Entry, Bluetooth, USB / AUX Ports, MP3 Player, Remote Start, Power Lift Gate, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJFAG6KC703297
    Stock: KC703297
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-18-2024

Showing 1 - 21 out of 4,088 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jeep Grand Cherokee

Read recent reviews for the Jeep Grand Cherokee
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars62 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 62 reviews
  • 5 star
    (65%)
  • 4 star
    (15%)
  • 3 star
    (5%)
  • 2 star
    (13%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
5 out of 5 stars

So Far so good

Christopher, 10/13/2018
2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited 4dr SUV (3.6L 6cyl 8A)
I had my Jeep for 2 weeks now, traded in a 2011 Honda Odyssey for it. Took it on a 400 mile round trip to PA, it rode smooth & had great acceleration. I have a limited with Luxury pkg & safety group. Love the dual sunroof, & vented seats. On edmunds apps though the pictures of the interior is the 2018. The 2019 8.4 uconnect screen is actually different then the 2018, it’s more flat on … the dash, where the 2018 is more recessed. That’s really the only difference though. Overall so far very satisfied with my Jeep.
Report abuse

Used 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee in Lafayette, LA Values

Estimated values
2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee Altitude 4dr SUV 4WD (3.6L 6cyl 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$18,060$20,812$23,463
Clean$17,592$20,267$22,840
Average$16,813$19,358$21,803
Rough$15,800$18,176$20,455

The average list price of a used 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee in Lafayette, Louisiana is $23,763. The average mileage on a used Jeep Grand Cherokee 2019 for sale in Lafayette, Louisiana is 87,988. Based on the average mileage of 87,988 for used 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee for sale in Lafayette, LA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jeep Grand Cherokee 2019 in Lafayette, Louisiana to be $16,813.

Select Buying Experience
Filters
Skip to Results

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

make

model

Year

to
Year

Condition

Price & Payment

4,088 cars
|
$25,881 avg. price
$
to
$
Price

Price Rating

Edmunds' ratings are backed by 15+ years of pricing research done by our data scientistsHow are ratings determined?We analyze millions of data points to generate our ratings. We look at vehicle configuration, options, history, nearby transactions, market pricing and more — the ratings are up-to-date and relevant to your search area.

Trim

Mileage

to
Mileage

Vehicle History

Engine & Drivetrain

Transmission

Engine Type

Drivetrain

Cylinders

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Features

Comfort & Convenience

Safety

Engine & Exterior

Entertainment

Options & Packages

MPG

to
MPG

Vehicle Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.

** This image is a stock photo and may not reflect the model year or color of, and/or equipment offered on, the advertised vehicle.