Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,728 listings
  • New Listing
    $15,837
    great price
    $1,841 below market
    78,933 miles
    1 Accident, 4 Owners, Personal use
    6cyl Automatic
    Excel Auto Lounge (46 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Hightstown, NJ / 46 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3A9C54EF478901
    Stock: EF478901
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2024

  • Price Drop
    $13,333
    good price
    $1,946 below market
    78,069 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Star Auto Mall 512 (75 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bethlehem, PA / 75 miles away from New York, NY

    Our vehicles include Star Auto Mall 512 certified 100,000 mile warranty, 6 years or newer, under 80,000 miles on qualifying vehicles only! See dealer ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C1C54EK113296
    Stock: U8625
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-05-2024

  • $9,299
    good price
    $1,878 below market
    120,963 miles
    2 Accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Driveway (12 mi away)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Bloomfield, NJ / 12 miles away from New York, NY

    Rare Find,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Navigation System,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / Moon...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3G52ENS67798
    Stock: R9T66263N
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $12,620
    fair price
    $795 below market
    80,535 miles
    No accidents, 4 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    MINI of Mount Laurel (78 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Mount Laurel, NJ / 78 miles away from New York, NY

    MINI of Mt. Laurel is proud to offer this fantastic 2014 BMW 3 Series Glacier Silver Metallic 320i xDrive with the following features: AWD. Clean CARF...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3G58ENS72536
    Stock: ENS72536
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-17-2024

  • $14,999
    good price
    $1,664 below market
    56,096 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Audi Fort Washington (79 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Fort Washington, PA / 79 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3C55EF986866
    Stock: EF986866
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2024

  • Stock photo © eVox Productions**
    $10,991
    good price
    $1,235 below market
    108,579 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    O'Neil Nissan (71 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Warminster, PA / 71 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3B5C50EF599530
    Stock: 24A227A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-18-2024

  • $11,995
    fair price
    $138 below market
    89,662 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Autoland USA (49 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Selden, NY / 49 miles away from New York, NY

    This vehicle is a 2014 BMW 3 Series Sedan all wheel drive with a 2.0 liter 4 cylinder engine and turbocharged power. It has low mileage of 89,662 mile...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3B5G53ENS09746
    Stock: 8287A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-28-2024

  • New Listing
    $10,995
    fair price
    $635 below market
    100,285 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Honda of Princeton (44 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Princeton, NJ / 44 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3B5G55ENS06606
    Stock: H240746B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-29-2024

  • $12,795
    great price
    $3,857 below market
    87,465 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Power Motors NYC (9 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Jamaica, NY / 9 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3G7C51FK296889
    Stock: 3742P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-05-2024

  • $11,795
    great price
    $4,429 below market
    62,945 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Personal use
    6cyl Automatic
    Power Motors NYC (9 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Jamaica, NY / 9 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBADW7C59DE733427
    Stock: 3565P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-01-2023

  • $16,999
    fair price
    $703 above market
    95,053 miles
    2 Accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    6cyl Automatic
    Choice Motor Car (84 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Plainville, CT / 84 miles away from New York, NY

    Buy it with cash or finance with only $3,400 down and low weekly payments deducted straight from your checking or savings. Have good credit? We work w...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3A9C51EF686590
    Stock: 686590
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-28-2024

  • 88,212 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Victory Mitsubishi (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Bronx, NY / 11 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3G53ENS72766
    Stock: 23585
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-29-2023

  • 61,966 miles
    2 Accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    MINI of Mount Laurel (78 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Mount Laurel, NJ / 78 miles away from New York, NY

    MINI of Mt. Laurel is pleased to offer this terrific 2014 BMW 3 Series Black Sapphire Metallic 320i xDrive with the following features: AWD, Auto-Dimm...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3G50ENS70957
    Stock: ENS70957
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2017

  • Price Drop
    $12,995
    good price
    $1,359 below market
    86,796 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Drive World (26 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Woodbury, NY / 26 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3B5G59FNS12135
    Stock: 931L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-15-2024

  • $13,490
    good price
    $1,051 below market
    104,813 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    Auto Valley Group (65 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in E Stoudsburg, PA / 65 miles away from New York, NY

    Carfax Available on our website! Call us 570-664-2999 OVER 100 CARS IN STOCK. We work with all credit scores! Extended Warranty available on most vehi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBADW7C59DE733654
    Stock: 733654
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $12,800
    good price
    $1,349 below market
    92,779 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Holman Toyota (78 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Mount Laurel, NJ / 78 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3B5G53FNS12244
    Stock: FNS12244
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-09-2024

  • $11,642
    good price
    $1,226 below market
    69,276 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Drive Simple NJ (27 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in South Plainfield, NJ / 27 miles away from New York, NY

    2013 BMW 3 Series 69,276 Miles High Value Options Bluetooth Connection Climate Control Fog Lamps Heated Front Seat Integrated Turn Signal Mirro...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3A5G51DNP24522
    Stock: 1490
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-01-2024

  • Price Drop
    $10,795
    good price
    $1,189 below market
    103,480 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Prestige Auto Cars LLC (88 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in New Britain, CT / 88 miles away from New York, NY

    <b>Equipment</b> The vehicle offers Automatic Climate Control for personalized comfort. Bluetooth technology is built into the BMW 3 series, keeping y...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3G55FNT51566
    Stock: T51566
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-15-2024

  • $16,933
    fair price
    $629 above market
    42,039 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Star Auto Mall 512 (75 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Bethlehem, PA / 75 miles away from New York, NY

    Our vehicles include Star Auto Mall 512 certified 100,000 mile warranty, 6 years or newer, under 80,000 miles on qualifying vehicles only! See dealer ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3C3C52FK201972
    Stock: R8884
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-22-2024

  • $17,900
    fair price
    $626 above market
    81,750 miles
    No accidents, 4 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    6cyl Automatic
    CarTopia (27 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in North Plainfield, NJ / 27 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (21 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3A9G56FNS66745
    Stock: C3069
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-17-2024

  • Price Drop
    $12,777
    fair price
    $163 below market
    75,360 miles
    1 Accident, 6 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Star Auto Mall 512 (75 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Bethlehem, PA / 75 miles away from New York, NY

    Our vehicles include Star Auto Mall 512 certified 100,000 mile warranty, 6 years or newer, under 80,000 miles on qualifying vehicles only! See dealer ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3A5C51FF609695
    Stock: U8519
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-01-2023

Showing 1 - 21 out of 1,728 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW 3 Series

Read recent reviews for the BMW 3 Series
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars67 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 67 reviews
  • 5 star
    (58%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (10%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (6%)
5 out of 5 stars

2014 328D Xdrive

SteveO, 06/01/2016
2014 BMW 3 Series 328d xDrive 4dr Sedan AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbodiesel 8A)
IMHO the recommended intervals for fluid changes are too long. I will change in-between. Also lifetime fluids don't exist once again IMHO. This is a ploy by BMW to reduce their warranty costs for maintenance and gives the false impression that ownership is not so costly. This might be fine for someone who trades often but those used ones that followed BWM's schedule will not hold up as … well. This is a fine car. It does everything well and offers great mileage without any sacrifice. We totally love the car. Costs are high all the way around but then again I'd expect them to be from such a fine auto. I'm on my 4th one now without one regret. Loved them all. The 328D offers it all. Don't buy any BMW and expect low costs for anything. If you make the purchase knowing this and maintain them well you will be a very happy BMW owner. We also currently own a 2014 335i and a cheap to maintain 2016 Toyota Tacoma limited for boat and stuff hauling. Update 1. After an additional 6,000 miles we couldn't be happier with this car. By far our favorite car ever. Good job BMW. Just keeps being a fine car. I bought a bigger sister now that will replace the 3, a 535D M Sport. Also a great car. It will be a sad day when the 3 drives off.
Report abuse

Used 2014 BMW 3 Series in New York, NY Values

Estimated values
2014 BMW 3 Series 335i 4dr Sedan (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$10,333$14,701$17,574
Clean$9,925$14,085$16,794
Average$9,246$13,057$15,494
Rough$8,363$11,722$13,804

The average list price of a used 2014 BMW 3 Series in New York, New York is $13,237. The average mileage on a used BMW 3 Series 2014 for sale in New York, New York is 84,050. Based on the average mileage of 84,050 for used 2014 BMW 3 Series for sale in New York, NY and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW 3 Series 2014 in New York, New York to be $9,246.

Select Buying Experience
Filters
Skip to Results

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

make

model

Year

to
Year

Condition

Price & Payment

1,728 cars
|
$24,982 avg. price
$
to
$
Price

Price Rating

Edmunds' ratings are backed by 15+ years of pricing research done by our data scientistsHow are ratings determined?We analyze millions of data points to generate our ratings. We look at vehicle configuration, options, history, nearby transactions, market pricing and more — the ratings are up-to-date and relevant to your search area.

Type

Trim

Mileage

to
Mileage

Vehicle History

Electric Vehicle Details

EPA Range

For new vehicles, this is the distance you can expect to travel on a full charge. EPA advises this range should be used for comparison purposes only. Actual range will vary depending on the condition of this vehicle’s battery pack, how you drive, driving conditions and other factors.
to
EPA Range

Engine & Drivetrain

Transmission

Engine Type

Drivetrain

Cylinders

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Features

Comfort & Convenience

Safety

Engine & Exterior

Entertainment

Options & Packages

MPG

to
MPG

Vehicle Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.

** This image is a stock photo and may not reflect the model year or color of, and/or equipment offered on, the advertised vehicle.