Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,369 listings
  • Price Drop
    $6,890
    fair price
    $1,287 below market
    86,765 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Manual
    Capital Mazda of Cary (10 mi away)
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Cary, NC / 10 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A53C7389472
    Stock: Z423713B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-11-2024

  • $7,990
    fair price
    $989 above market
    152,216 miles
    No accidents, 5 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    JTs Chrysler Dodge Jeep RAM of Lexington (194 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Lexington, SC / 194 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A67C7412244
    Stock: 3S0127A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-27-2024

  • Price Drop
    $7,595
    fair price
    $404 above market
    105,274 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Manual
    Haley Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (135 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 135 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    *Vehicle pricing excludes tax, title, tags, $799 processing fee, and $299 fee for theft protection etch.*

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A69C7431197
    Stock: H638809B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-01-2024

  • 94,445 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Manual
    CarMax Newport News - Now offering Express Pickup and Home Delivery (146 mi away)
    Delivery available*
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Newport News, VA / 146 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A52C7354101
    Stock: 25376590
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • 91,232 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    County Auto Brokers (149 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Yorktown, VA / 149 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    GREAT DRIVING VEHICLE!! IN HOUSE FINANCING AVAILABLE!! $8695.00 WITH $1750.00 DOWN AND $330.14/MONTH FOR 36 MONTHS!! Visit County Auto Brokers onli...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A68C7438447
    Stock: LMA11-447
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $7,899
    good price
    $1,219 below market
    79,083 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Complete Auto Center (1 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 1 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    Vehicle Runs Well, Smooth ride, Regularly maintained, Seats as good as new, Must test drive, Done all Scheduled Maintenance, Spotless interior, Great ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A63D7757451
    Stock: 757451-37
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $5,277
    good price
    $1,577 below market
    150,000 miles
    1 Accident, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Manual
    Albemarle Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (95 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Albemarle, NC / 95 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A57D7516581
    Stock: P2641A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-22-2024

  • $7,170
    fair price
    $743 below market
    127,822 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Auto Gallery Ford (182 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Gaffney, SC / 182 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A68D7595509
    Stock: U3399A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-29-2024

  • Price Drop
    27,331 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Carvana - Charlotte (133 mi away)
    Free home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 133 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A52D7617656
    Stock: 2002862399
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-17-2024

  • 109,700 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    CarMax Raleigh - Now offering Express Pickup and Home Delivery (10 mi away)
    Free delivery available*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 10 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A57D7556983
    Stock: 25610511
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $5,998
    great price
    $2,873 below market
    87,117 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Atlantic Auto Sales (8 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Garner, NC / 8 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A66C7364171
    Stock: 364171
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-29-2023

  • $6,500
    great price
    $3,233 below market
    98,405 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    CarPro Auto Sales (147 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Chesapeake, VA / 147 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJP3A50E7098778
    Stock: 098778
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-20-2024

  • $6,995
    great price
    $1,955 below market
    97,443 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    CarPro Auto Sales (147 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Chesapeake, VA / 147 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJX3A55E7024787
    Stock: 024787
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 10-30-2023

  • New Listing
    $7,987
    good price
    $1,672 below market
    84,101 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Midlands Toyota (179 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbia, SC / 179 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJN2A23E7001580
    Stock: TE7001580
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-18-2024

  • Price Drop
    $5,995
    good price
    $1,589 below market
    119,341 miles
    1 Accident, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Manual
    LR Auto Sales Of NC (154 mi away)
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Hickory, NC / 154 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    The 2012 Kia Soul's blend of style and practicality -- not to mention its affordable price tag and long list of standard features make this car an exc...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A50C7743626
    Stock: 10252
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-06-2023

  • $5,999
    fair price
    $371 below market
    157,013 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Manual
    Complete Auto Center (1 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 1 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    2010 Kia Soul, 157320 miles, stick/manual shift, fully serviced, new tires & rims, clean title. Also great financing options available... Call us ?? ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A25A7069380
    Stock: 069380-80
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $9,500
    fair price
    73,796 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Driveway (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,066 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Low Mileage,Rare Find,High Value Options,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Navigation Sys...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A68C7440666
    Stock: C7440666A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $4,995
    good price
    $837 below market
    160,103 miles
    No accidents, 6 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Beach Auto Sales (151 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Virginia Beach, VA / 151 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A65C7361410
    Stock: BA-3229
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-30-2024

  • $7,990
    good price
    $1,456 below market
    82,296 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Windham Motors (133 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Florence, SC / 133 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A66C7425728
    Stock: 9799A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-12-2024

  • 138,874 miles
    No accidents, 4 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Marburger Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (170 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Shelby, NC / 170 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJP3A55E7719531
    Stock: P6789A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-30-2024

  • New Listing
    $9,995
    fair price
    $608 above market
    84,089 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Trent Cadillac (101 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in New Bern, NC / 101 miles away from Raleigh, NC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNDJT2A68C7464398
    Stock: G41510A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2024

Showing 1 - 21 out of 1,369 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Kia Soul

Read recent reviews for the Kia Soul
Overall Consumer Rating
4.3 out of 5 stars60 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 60 reviews
  • 5 star
    (65%)
  • 4 star
    (15%)
  • 3 star
    (13%)
  • 2 star
    (3%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
5 out of 5 stars

Nice Set of Wheels

Ed Ross, 01/01/2016
2012 Kia Soul + 4dr Wagon (2.0L 4cyl 6A)
We had been married 44 years. For the first time in our marriage, my wife asked for a specific car, the Soul! I said, a what? We usually buy a new car ever year or two; I give her the new one and I use the older one in my sales job. My wife loves this car. She is 5'2" and it fits her perfectly. It sets higher so she can see fine and this makes getting in and out much easier for … her. We have had no problems with the car. It has excellent pick up and stops well. It will seat five but one of them had better be a child in the back seat! Our only complaint is that the ride is harsher than need be. I understand the new ones are a bit softer. I don't like not having a spare tire so I got one at the junk yard. I change my own oil and it is easy to do on the Soul. We bought this car with 3000 miles on it, the previous owner felt is was too small for his family but it is perfect for us. All our kids are grown. Gas mileage is a little less than I had hoped for. At 65 mph and on the flat Interstates in IL, I cannot get over 30 and I milk a car for gas mileage. I could get 36 on our 2010 Malibu on the same roads. I didn't like that it did not have "driving lights" so I bought OEM fog lights on eBay and installed them so that they are on whenever the ignition is on. I do like the fact that after an amount of time, the car will automatically turn off any lights left on after you turn the car off; headlights, dome light, etc. My wife and I would highly recommend the Kia Soul. We have the "Plus" model. We have only had one recall and that was optional. (UPDATE) This car is amazing, still no problems and my wife loves it. We almost traded it for a 2016 Soul but this one is just too nice to give up. Go buy one. (UPDATE) 1/16/2018 This car continues to impress us. No problems what so ever. Over 47K miles now on it. (UPDATE) 1/16/2020 Amazing car, now over 50K and not one problem or issue with the car. We had to replace the battery in the fall and put new tires on it. As the car has gotten more miles on it, we can now get up to 33 mpg on flat highways at 65 mph. Highly recommended 01/16/2021 I wanted to buy a new 2021 Kia Soul but my wife would not let me sell her 2012. This has been the best car we have ever owned, just n problems.
Report abuse

Used 2012 Kia Soul in Raleigh, NC Values

Estimated values
2012 Kia Soul 4dr Wagon (1.6L 4cyl 6M) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$3,632$6,610$8,334
Clean$3,434$6,208$7,778
Average$3,105$5,539$6,850
Rough$2,676$4,669$5,645

The average list price of a used 2012 Kia Soul in Raleigh, North Carolina is $8,126. The average mileage on a used Kia Soul 2012 for sale in Raleigh, North Carolina is 105,069. Based on the average mileage of 105,069 for used 2012 Kia Soul for sale in Raleigh, NC and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Kia Soul 2012 in Raleigh, North Carolina to be $3,105.

Select Buying Experience
Filters
Skip to Results

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

make

model

Year

to
Year

Condition

Price & Payment

1,369 cars
|
$15,145 avg. price
$
to
$
Price

Price Rating

Edmunds' ratings are backed by 15+ years of pricing research done by our data scientistsHow are ratings determined?We analyze millions of data points to generate our ratings. We look at vehicle configuration, options, history, nearby transactions, market pricing and more — the ratings are up-to-date and relevant to your search area.

Trim

Mileage

to
Mileage

Vehicle History

Engine & Drivetrain

Transmission

Engine Type

Drivetrain

Cylinders

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Features

Comfort & Convenience

Safety

Engine & Exterior

Entertainment

Options & Packages

MPG

to
MPG

Vehicle Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.