Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
184 listings
  • $15,473
    great price
    $3,875 below market
    55,140 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Capitol Chevrolet of San Jose (30 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in San Jose, CA / 30 miles away from Hayward, CA

    This DGDG Certified 2019 Buick Envision Preferred with 55,140 miles was inspected and reconditioned by our service team. Reconditioned items on this E...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXBSA9KD017784
    Stock: UC13430
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-22-2024

  • $18,900
    great price
    $2,630 below market
    82,375 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Elk Grove Buick GMC (63 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Elk Grove, CA / 63 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Heated Leather Seats, Nav System, Aluminum Wheels, Rear Air, Power Liftgate, All Wheel Drive, Turbo Charged Engine, AUDIO SYSTEM, BUICK INFOTAINMENT S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX4SX2KD040369
    Stock: 23B222A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-17-2024

  • Price Drop
    $16,793
    great price
    $2,920 below market
    67,230 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Hertz Car Sales Pleasanton (12 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Pleasanton, CA / 12 miles away from Hayward, CA

    At Hertz Car Sales, view our thousands of vehicles with pricing often below market value! Take advantage of no-haggle pricing, our 7 day/250 mile Buy ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX1SA2KD009603
    Stock: 44272
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-31-2024

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $19,486
    fair price
    $169 below market
    65,750 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Future Chevrolet (79 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 79 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! 22/29 City/Highway MPG A Future Chevrolet is in your Future !! Clean CARFAX. See more quality vehicles likethis ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXCSAXKD001213
    Stock: P22834
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-04-2024

  • 75,249 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    CarMax Modesto - Now offering Express Pickup and Home Delivery (60 mi away)
    Delivery available*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Modesto, CA / 60 miles away from Hayward, CA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXASA7HD099243
    Stock: 24760565
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • 31,459 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Elk Grove Buick GMC (63 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Elk Grove, CA / 63 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Clean CARFAX. 22/29 City/Highway MPG Summit White 2.5L 4-Cylinder DGI DOHC VVT 6-Speed Automatic FWD

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXCSA2KD066525
    Stock: 24B207A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-19-2024

  • Price Drop
    $16,000
    great price
    $1,448 below market
    90,958 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Driveway (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Farmington Hills, MI / 2,054 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Rare Find,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Leather Seats...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX2SA9JD002233
    Stock: JD002233A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $21,312
    fair price
    $637 below market
    21,543 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Envision Honda of Milpitas (20 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Milpitas, CA / 20 miles away from Hayward, CA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXESX2GD156815
    Stock: GD156815P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-01-2024

  • Price Drop
    $22,999
    good price
    $2,168 below market
    62,092 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Enterprise Car Sales San Leandro (5 mi away)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in San Leandro, CA / 5 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX4SX4LD103103
    Stock: 8D9DRW
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2024

  • New Listing
    $16,990
    fair price
    $179 below market
    93,470 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Carvana (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 2,146 miles away from Hayward, CA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX1SAXJD008021
    Stock: 2002763963
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-11-2024

  • $15,590
    good price
    $847 below market
    91,743 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Carvana - Sacramento (65 mi away)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 65 miles away from Hayward, CA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXESX9GD175023
    Stock: 2002759305
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-04-2024

  • $15,990
    good price
    $797 below market
    100,000 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Driveway (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Portland, OR / 542 miles away from Hayward, CA

    CarFax 1-Owner,Rare Find,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Star...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX2SAXJD001303
    Stock: JD001303T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $19,998
    good price
    $952 below market
    50,799 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    CarMax (In-stock online)
    Delivery available*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Merrillville, IN / 1,857 miles away from Hayward, CA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX1SA6JD084853
    Stock: 25425534
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    44,767 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    CarMax (In-stock online)
    Delivery available*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Pharr, TX / 1,603 miles away from Hayward, CA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX1SA6JD025348
    Stock: 25705026
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • 27,720 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Driveway (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in San Angelo, TX / 1,289 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Low Mileage,High Demand,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX3SX6JD002877
    Stock: JD002877A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $22,998
    fair price
    $991 below market
    23,755 miles
    No accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    CarMax (In-stock online)
    Delivery available*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 2,424 miles away from Hayward, CA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX1SA8JD015954
    Stock: 25651925
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $22,590
    fair price
    $986 above market
    36,295 miles
    No accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Carvana - Sacramento (65 mi away)
    Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 65 miles away from Hayward, CA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXBSAXLD155707
    Stock: 2002879264
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2024

  • Price Drop
    $21,590
    fair price
    $279 below market
    46,922 miles
    1 Accident, 2 Owners, Rental vehicle
    4cyl Automatic
    Carvana (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Salt Lake City, UT / 588 miles away from Hayward, CA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX2SA3JD082502
    Stock: 2002864944
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-19-2024

  • $21,998
    fair price
    $788 below market
    26,336 miles
    4cyl Automatic
    CarMax (In-stock online)
    Delivery available*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Columbia, SC / 2,288 miles away from Hayward, CA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX1SA6JD115776
    Stock: 25739501
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • 52,581 miles
    No accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use only
    4cyl Automatic
    Gold Star Buick GMC (70 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Salinas, CA / 70 miles away from Hayward, CA

    This Buick won't be on the lot long! Feature-packed and decked out! A turbocharger is also included as an economical means of increasing performance. ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFX3SX3LD127676
    Stock: G240122A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-15-2023

  • New Listing
    $17,629
    great price
    $2,254 below market
    68,429 miles
    1 Accident, 3 Owners, Personal use
    4cyl Automatic
    Driveway (In-stock online)
    Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Troy, MI / 2,065 miles away from Hayward, CA

    Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Navigatio...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: LRBFXCSA7KD004795
    Stock: KD004795W
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 184 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Buick Envision

Read recent reviews for the Buick Envision
Overall Consumer Rating
4.1 out of 5 stars54 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 54 reviews
  • 5 star
    (59%)
  • 4 star
    (13%)
  • 3 star
    (15%)
  • 2 star
    (4%)
  • 1 star
    (9%)
4 out of 5 stars

I'm Mostly Satisfied

David Gardner, 09/13/2018
2018 Buick Envision 4dr SUV (2.5L 4cyl 6A)
In general, I'm very satisfied with my Buick Envision. It is exactly the right size. It's not too small, but not so large that I sacrifice mileage. One disappointment I have is the Apple Car Play system is very inconsistent in the way that it operates. It takes a long time to load some of the applications. When you turn them off, they don't stay off, and when you want to launch them, … they either don't launch or it takes an inordinate amount of time to launch. This is not Buick's fault, but any technology they install should check out perfectly. The performance is adequate for me. There is obviously slower acceleration with a 2.5 4 cylinder engine. Also, I would like for the interior to be a little less "plasticy." Other than those things, I'm relatively satisfied. This is a very good car that is worthy of consideration.
Report abuse

Used 2019 Buick Envision in Hayward, CA Values

Estimated values
2019 Buick Envision Preferred 4dr SUV (2.5L 4cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$17,357$19,173$20,922
Clean$16,907$18,670$20,367
Average$16,159$17,833$19,442
Rough$15,185$16,744$18,240

The average list price of a used 2019 Buick Envision in Hayward, California is $19,733. The average mileage on a used Buick Envision 2019 for sale in Hayward, California is 57,839. Based on the average mileage of 57,839 for used 2019 Buick Envision for sale in Hayward, CA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Buick Envision 2019 in Hayward, California to be $16,159.

Select Buying Experience
Filters
Skip to Results

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

make

model

Year

to
Year

Condition

Price & Payment

184 cars
|
$24,311 avg. price
$
to
$
Price

Price Rating

Edmunds' ratings are backed by 15+ years of pricing research done by our data scientistsHow are ratings determined?We analyze millions of data points to generate our ratings. We look at vehicle configuration, options, history, nearby transactions, market pricing and more — the ratings are up-to-date and relevant to your search area.

Trim

Mileage

to
Mileage

Vehicle History

Engine & Drivetrain

Transmission

Engine Type

Drivetrain

Cylinders

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Features

Comfort & Convenience

Safety

Engine & Exterior

Entertainment

Options & Packages

MPG

to
MPG

Vehicle Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.