Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
2,053 listings

$0
BMW 5 Series rebates in 31419
Check your savings potential before you buy

  • Price Drop
    $36,920
    fair price
    $662 above market
    • 52,045 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • ALM Kennesaw (242 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Kennesaw, GA / 242 miles away from Savannah, GA

    M SPORT PACKAGE..SHADOWLINE PACKAGE..PREMIUM PACKAGE..CONNECTED PACKAGE PRO..PREMIUM SYNTHETIC SEATS..SUNROOF/MOONROOF..MEMORY SEATS..LANE DEPARTURE W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BJ0XNWX44889
    Stock: NWX44889
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-28-2025

    • 18,357 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Braman Miami Pre-Owned (431 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Miami, FL / 431 miles away from Savannah, GA

    2022 BMW 5 Series 540i 3.0L I6 Turbocharged DOHC 24V LEV3-ULEV70 8-Speed Automatic Sport RWDOdometer is 8532 miles below market average!25/32 Cit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BJ00NWX58557
    Stock: BPWX58557
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-01-2025

  • $31,820
    great price
    $6,774 below market
    • 21,850 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • ALM Chevrolet South (223 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Union City, GA / 223 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Black Artificial Leather. White Metallic 2023 BMW 5 Series 530i RWD 8-Speed Automatic Sport 2.0L 4-CylinderOdometer is 5674 miles below market avera...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH07PWY23994
    Stock: PWY23994
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-07-2024

  • New Listing
    • 22,353 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Braman Miami Pre-Owned (431 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Miami, FL / 431 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Recent Arrival! Active Park Distance Control, Ceramic Controls, Connected Package Pro, Drive Recorder, Executive Package, Extended Shadowline Trim, Ge...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13BK04NCK35282
    Stock: BCV18261A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-17-2025

    • 23,733 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Braman BMW Jupiter (354 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Jupiter, FL / 354 miles away from Savannah, GA

    We are your Local BMW sales and service center in the Jupiter area and are here to serve all your Automotive needs. Come meet our experienced yet rela...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH0XNWX83391
    Stock: JC-PF3533
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 18,826 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Land Rover Coral Gables (435 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Coral Gables, FL / 435 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Clean CARFAX. Blue Metallic 2022 BMW 5 Series M550i xDrive AWD 8-Speed Automatic Sport 4.4L V8 Twin TurbochargedAWD, Ivory White Leather.Jaguar Land R...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13BK04NCH59387
    Stock: SA267038B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-06-2025

    • 26,720 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Braman BMW Jupiter (354 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Jupiter, FL / 354 miles away from Savannah, GA

    We are your Local BMW sales and service center in the Jupiter area and are here to serve all your Automotive needs. Come meet our experienced yet rela...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH03NCJ48837
    Stock: JC-11606A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

  • New Listing
    $37,920
    fair price
    $96 above market
    • 30,289 miles
    • 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • ALM Roswell (232 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Roswell, GA / 232 miles away from Savannah, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13BJ00NWX73591
    Stock: NWX73591
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • $26,000
    great price
    $4,929 below market
    • 41,267 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Brickell Honda (433 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Miami, FL / 433 miles away from Savannah, GA

    2019 BMW 540i – Executive Power Meets Luxury Comfort 💼🚗✨Step into timeless sophistication with this 2019 BMW 5 Series 540i, finished in elegant Bl...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJE5C51KWW23280
    Stock: HA10565B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

  • Price Drop
    $39,998
    great price
    $5,474 below market
    • 14,547 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • United Imports (117 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 117 miles away from Savannah, GA

    1 Owner Low Mileage Car w/M-Sport Package, Navigation, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, Heads-up Display, Heated Seats, Harmon Karden Sound, Comfort Ac...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13BJ07PWX95851
    Stock: 15075
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 36,263 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Auction Direct USA (303 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 303 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Auction Direct is proud to present you with another True Market Priced Pre-Owned Vehicle. This 2022 BMW 5 Series 540i xDrive is loaded with the follow...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA73BJ02NWX57760
    Stock: AD00945
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-05-2025

  • Price Drop
    $46,900
    great price
    $7,072 below market
    • 12,039 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Ocean Mazda (431 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Miami, FL / 431 miles away from Savannah, GA

    CARFAX One-Owner. Alpine White 2023 BMW 5 Series 540i xDrive 3.0L I6 Turbocharged DOHC 24V LEV3-ULEV70 *STILL UNDER FACTORY WARRANTY*, *ONE OWNER*, AW...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA73BJ09PWY07377
    Stock: 20231
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-06-2025

  • New Listing
    • 34,755 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Mobile (419 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Mobile, AL / 419 miles away from Savannah, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH06NCJ29649
    Stock: 27310082
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • Not provided
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 21 mi est. electric range
    • 24 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Braman BMW West Palm Beach (370 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in West Palm Beach, FL / 370 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Recent Arrival! COVERED BY BMW CERTIFIED WARRANTY UNLIMITED MILES, One-Owner Clean CARFAX Report, M SPORT PACKAGE, LOW LOW MILES, Local Trade, Clean C...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13AG03NCJ86028
    Stock: BC-P34403
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 05-12-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 21,599 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Automaxx of the Carolinas (94 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Summerville, SC / 94 miles away from Savannah, GA

    2022 BMW 5 Series 530i RWDCurrent Odometer 21599, *ONE OWNER, *LOWER THAN AVERAGE MILES, *DEALER MAINTAINED, *NO SMOKE SMELL, *NAVIGATION/NAV/GPS, *...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH02NCJ81974
    Stock: AD558
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-12-2025

  • $33,620
    great price
    $4,780 below market
    • 22,604 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • ALM Hyundai West (235 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 235 miles away from Savannah, GA

    CONNECTED PACKAGE PRO..SUNNROOF/MOONROOF..MEMORY SEATS..LANE DEPARTURE WARNING..CROSS TRAFFIC ALERT..BLIND SPOT MONITOR..COLLISION WARNING..BACKUP CAM...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH06PCN00800
    Stock: PCN00800
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-06-2024

  • $12,995
    great price
    $3,323 below market
    • 106,661 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 23 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Mega Auto Outlet (498 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 498 miles away from Savannah, GA

    2019 BMW 5 SERIES AWD with powerful 2.0L 4 CYLINDER TURBO engine and driven only 106661 miles! Fully loaded and much more! CARFAX CERTIFIED**FINANCING...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA7C51KWW18183
    Stock: MAO4479
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 27,101 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • ALM Marietta (235 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Marietta, GA / 235 miles away from Savannah, GA

    PREMIUM PACKAGE..CONNECTED PACKAGE PRO..SUN/MOONROOF..PREMIUM SYNTHETIC SEATS..REAR PARKING AID..NAVIGATION SYSTEM..LANE KEEP ASSIST..LANE DEPARTURE W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH03NCJ15322
    Stock: NCJ15322
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-27-2025

  • New Listing
    • 33,678 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Salvage Reseller (397 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Coconut Creek, FL / 397 miles away from Savannah, GA

    This vehicle is located at Mebane, NC Copart yard. Join our online auctions to see its final price. All purchases must take place online at www.salvag...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA73BJ06NWX59060
    Stock: 52142645
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-20-2025

  • New Listing
    • 25,065 miles
    • 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales West Palm Beach (372 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in West Palm Beach, FL / 372 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA53BH03NWX58610
    Stock: 8GFLWY
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-15-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 41,830 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Crossroads Nissan of Wake Forest (313 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Wake Forest, NC / 313 miles away from Savannah, GA

    Amber 2022 BMW 5 Series M550i xDrive M550i xDriveAWD, Black Leather, 16 Speakers, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, ABS brakes, Active Driving Assistant Pro, Activ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: Yes

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13BK09NCH92790
    Stock: U512035A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-19-2025

Showing 127 - 147 out of 2,053 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW 5 Series

Read recent reviews for the BMW 5 Series
Overall Consumer Rating
4.7 out of 5 stars27 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 27 reviews
  • 5 star
    (81%)
  • 4 star
    (15%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (4%)
5 out of 5 stars

Amazing Quality and Powertrain

Jeff, 03/22/2021
2021 BMW 5 Series 540i 4dr Sedan (3.0L 6cyl Turbo gas/electric mild hybrid 8A)
Definitely not a sporty car. If you want that, get a 3-series. That's not to say you can't have fun it it, it has a lot of power and has a great engine. But it is first and foremost a luxury cruiser geared towards comfort. If that is what you are looking for, this is the best in the business.
Report abuse

Used 2022 BMW 5 Series in Savannah, GA Values

Estimated values
2022 BMW 5 Series 540i 4dr Sedan (3.0L 6cyl Turbo gas/electric mild hybrid 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$33,732$36,570$39,547
Clean$33,145$35,857$38,694
Average$32,166$34,669$37,273
Rough$30,894$33,124$35,425

The average list price of a used 2022 BMW 5 Series in Savannah, Georgia is $39,329. The average mileage on a used BMW 5 Series 2022 for sale in Savannah, Georgia is 30,075. Based on the average mileage of 30,075 for used 2022 BMW 5 Series for sale in Savannah, GA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW 5 Series 2022 in Savannah, Georgia to be $32,166.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.