Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
7,819 listings
  • $11,999
    good price
    $1,475 below market
    • 77,398 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • West Chicago Auto Mall (193 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in West Chicago, IL / 193 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    Live 50 miles or more away? Come to us, buy a vehicle, and get half of your gas money, NO CREDIT, BAD CREDIT, COLLECTIONS, MATRICULA, CASH PAYING J...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MV7HP546908
    Stock: 5690
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • Price Drop
    $10,000
    fair price
    $691 below market
    • 134,873 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Ferguson Buick GMC (463 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Broken Arrow, OK / 463 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT7HC861404
    Stock: K250047A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

  • New Listing
    $18,995
    fair price
    $661 below market
    • 29,662 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Serra Toyota Saginaw (406 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Saginaw, MI / 406 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    CARFAX One-Owner. Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! Odometer is 54418 miles below market average!Our experienced sales staff is eager to share its...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV4KC762161
    Stock: KC762161
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-17-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $11,988
    good price
    $986 below market
    • 108,227 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Jennings Volkswagen (201 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Glenview, IL / 201 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MV6HP559794
    Stock: T1536C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-01-2025

  • $12,830
    fair price
    $347 below market
    • 96,525 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Midwest Auto South (268 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Olathe, KS / 268 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    **For Sale: 2017 Nissan Rogue**Upgrade your driving experience with this reliable 2017 Nissan Rogue! This all-wheel-drive SUV is perfect for all weath...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV5HC808735
    Stock: 808735
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-25-2024

  • New Listing
    $8,000
    fair price
    $780 below market
    • 158,387 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carlock Volkswagen of Cool Springs (492 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Franklin, TN / 492 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    2017 Nissan Rogue SCARFAX One-Owner.Carlock Volkswagen of Cool Springs is pleased to offer this wonderful-looking 2017 Nissan Rogue in Brilliant Silve...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MT4HP517526
    Stock: CC015823A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-18-2025

  • Price Drop
    $7,999
    fair price
    $256 below market
    • 183,716 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Kingsman Auto Cave (341 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Springfield, MO / 341 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    For Sale: 2017 Nissan Rogue SV Sport Utility 4D Clean Title, Great Condition! Looking for a reliable SUV with comfort, space, and great features? This...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MV6HP506755
    Stock: 506755
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-09-2025

  • New Listing
    $11,900
    fair price
    $212 below market
    • 100,740 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Midwest Auto Group (246 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Pacific, MO / 246 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    Financing Available30 Day Temp TagNo Dealer FeesNot seen any accidentsAWDFamily friendlyDrives greatSpotless interiorGreat first ridePrimarily highway...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV2HW011219
    Stock: 011219MG
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-06-2024

  • $11,999
    fair price
    $418 below market
    • 138,962 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Nelson Nissan (463 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Broken Arrow, OK / 463 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    Local Trade, 18 Alloy Wheels, AM/FM radio: SiriusXM, Auto High-beam Headlights, Auto-dimming Rear-View mirror, Automatic temperature control, Blind Sp...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV2HC741012
    Stock: P25259A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • Price Drop
    $14,648
    fair price
    $95 below market
    • 65,010 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Boucher Nissan of Waukesha (193 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Waukesha, WI / 193 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    Recent Arrival! CARFAX One-Owner. **Local Trade**, All Wheel Drive, Blind Spot Technology, Rear Cross Traffic Alert, Lane Departure Warning, Forward E...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV2HW274794
    Stock: 25NM0163A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

  • Price Drop
    $14,909
    fair price
    $333 below market
    • 96,670 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • York Chrysler Dodge Jeep Brazil (293 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Brazil, IN / 293 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    2017 Nissan Rogue SL 2.5L I4 DOHC 16V CVT with XtronicLOCAL TRADE IN, ALL WHEEL DRIVE, LEATHER SEATS, HEATED LEATHER SEATS, HEATED SEATS, HEATED STEER...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV3HC762385
    Stock: CP1884A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-09-2025

  • $7,856
    fair price
    $191 below market
    • 182,537 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Fox Mazda (319 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Grand Rapids, MI / 319 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV2HC830899
    Stock: M251397M1
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-16-2025

  • $17,395
    fair price
    $218 below market
    • 52,628 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Noland Road DriveTime (246 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Independence, MO / 246 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT3KC801322
    Stock: 1660042131
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-26-2025

  • $12,375
    fair price
    $348 below market
    • 129,506 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Vehicles Nashville LLC (484 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Nashville, TN / 484 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT3HC776060
    Stock: 26081
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-04-2025

  • $13,950
    fair price
    $165 below market
    • 74,709 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Thompson's Honda (289 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Terre Haute, IN / 289 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    *ONE OWNER*, *ALL WHEEL DRIVE*, *POWER WINDOWS*, *POWER LOCKS*, *CRUISE CONTROL*.25/32 City/Highway MPGThompson's Honda is proud to serve Terre Haute...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MVXHC812909
    Stock: 650202A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-15-2025

  • $15,750
    fair price
    $246 below market
    • 76,000 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Creighton Auto (318 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Creighton, NE / 318 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MVXHW027801
    Stock: 027801
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

  • $11,980
    fair price
    $258 below market
    • 105,408 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Jim O'Connor Select Auto (182 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Oconomowoc, WI / 182 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    PRICE REDUCTION AS OF 5-1-2025 TO $11,980 SALE PRICE WAS $12,480 CHECKOUT WHY WE ARE A 5* RATED DEALER. https://www.selectautowi.com/reviews 3 OWNER--...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV2HW007364
    Stock: 007364
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-26-2025

  • $9,454
    fair price
    $860 below market
    • 145,285 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Murphy Ford (150 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Morton, IL / 150 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MT2HP504208
    Stock: 504208
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-10-2025

  • New Listing
    $9,999
    fair price
    $635 below market
    • 146,182 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Shottenkirk Toyota (143 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Quincy, IL / 143 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV7HC769047
    Stock: T21186C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-14-2025

  • $15,990
    fair price
    $78 above market
    • 81,250 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 1,250 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MT0HW399937
    Stock: 2003669229
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

  • New Listing
    $10,488
    good price
    $1,486 below market
    • 109,755 miles
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Corwin Public Wholesale (422 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Fargo, ND / 422 miles away from Cedar Rapids, IA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV5HW251381
    Stock: 77251381
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

Showing 1,366 - 1,386 out of 7,819 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Nissan Rogue

Read recent reviews for the Nissan Rogue
Overall Consumer Rating
4 out of 5 stars111 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 111 reviews
  • 5 star
    (57%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (9%)
  • 2 star
    (5%)
  • 1 star
    (11%)
1 out of 5 stars

Do not buy this car!!

GonzalezJ, 03/17/2016
2010 Nissan Rogue S 4dr SUV AWD (2.5L 4cyl CVT)
My 2010 Nissan Rouge is one of the many 2008-2010 Nissan Rogue vehicles that are defected. It has same continuous transmission problem, it is unsafe to drive in a highway. However, Nissan does not do a recall.
Report abuse

Used 2017 Nissan Rogue in Cedar Rapids, IA Values

Estimated values
2017 Nissan Rogue S 4dr SUV AWD w/Prod. End 04/17 (2.5L 4cyl CVT) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$7,422$10,632$13,090
Clean$7,091$10,140$12,462
Average$6,539$9,319$11,416
Rough$5,820$8,252$10,055

The average list price of a used 2017 Nissan Rogue in Cedar Rapids, Iowa is $12,405. The average mileage on a used Nissan Rogue 2017 for sale in Cedar Rapids, Iowa is 109,211. Based on the average mileage of 109,211 for used 2017 Nissan Rogue for sale in Cedar Rapids, IA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Nissan Rogue 2017 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa to be $6,539.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.