Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,108 listings
    • 19,769 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Audi North Shore (433 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Milwaukee, WI / 433 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF46PN000629
    Stock: 416734777
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-16-2025

  • Price Drop
    $26,296
    great price
    $5,344 below market
    • 31,209 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • BMW Certified Pre-Owned Nashville (65 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Nashville, TN / 65 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    This 2024 Audi A4 Sedan S line Premium Plus (***ONE OWNER, CLEAN CARFAX***) comes complete with features such as PREMIUM PLUS PACKAGE, Lane Departure ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF47RN003641
    Stock: BRN003641
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 25,436 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Morton Grove (355 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Morton Grove, IL / 355 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF40PN015448
    Stock: 413916093
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

  • New Listing
    • 29,179 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Ultimo Motors (341 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Westmont, IL / 341 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Original MSRP $51,440.00One OwnerClean CarfaxDetailed Carfax Service History2.0L Turbo I4 Engine261 HP, 273 lb Torque7 Speed S Tronic AutomaticAll Whe...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF40PA032368
    Stock: UM7427
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2025

    • 82,777 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Lynn Layton Ford (173 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Decatur, AL / 173 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF43MN011664
    Stock: 6-1664
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-11-2025

    • 27,153 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Audi North Shore (433 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Milwaukee, WI / 433 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUABAF43PA026270
    Stock: 422715844
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 48,943 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Indianapolis (191 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 191 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBBAF41MN012943
    Stock: 2003738159
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-17-2025

    • 43,985 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Triple C Car Company (189 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 189 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF49PA032255
    Stock: 032225
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-24-2025

    • 29,683 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Audi North Shore (433 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Milwaukee, WI / 433 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF4XPA023306
    Stock: 422715843
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • New Listing
    • 66,365 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Pensacola (454 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Pensacola, FL / 454 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBBAF46MN014722
    Stock: 26934094
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 57,604 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Steve White Volvo (276 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Greenville, SC / 276 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Call 8**-2**-1*** and ask for Audi sales for more info! *All prices exclude IMF, applicable taxes, tag, title, registration and $499 closing fees. We ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF47PN006780
    Stock: PA8754
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-11-2025

  • New Listing
    $26,100
    fair price
    $26 above market
    • 55,457 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 543 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF44PA031773
    Stock: 8D3BD9
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-28-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $25,716
    fair price
    $726 above market
    • 55,090 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Gallery Chevrolet (259 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Commerce, GA / 259 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    7-Speed Automatic S tronic, quattro, Leather.Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!WHY BUY FROM US? ....Buy with confidence at Auto Gallery Chevrolet! ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF47PN011557
    Stock: 81492
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • $26,902
    fair price
    $199 above market
    • 51,089 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 662 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF45PN010486
    Stock: 8D668C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-14-2025

    • 47,585 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Landers Ford South (243 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Southaven, MS / 243 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    You won't want to miss this excellent value! Breathtaking performance, sumptuous accommodations and jaw dropping good looks! Turbocharger technology p...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF45PN011766
    Stock: K1882
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

  • $21,990
    great price
    $4,353 below market
    • 42,900 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Napleton Ford of Libertyville (371 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Libertyville, IL / 371 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Non-Smoker vehicle, Sunroof, Excellent Condition, Fully Inspected by our Napleton Technicians, Leather Interior, Mythos Black Metallic exterior and Ok...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUDAAF40NN004880
    Stock: 5F188A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 53,897 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Mount Airy Toyota (325 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Mount Airy, NC / 325 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Chronos Gray Metallic exterior and Black interior. Moonroof, Heated Leather Seats, Cross-Traffic Alert, Dual Zone A/C, Keyless Start, Satellite Radio,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF40PN015756
    Stock: TP2472
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

    • 58,700 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Luxury Imports (351 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Geneva, IL / 351 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF42PA019475
    Stock: 2239
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-15-2025

  • New Listing
    • 42,224 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • CarNeeD (362 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Northbrook, IL / 362 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    For Sale: 2023 Audi A4 S line Premium Plus 45 TFSI quattro 1 Owner, Clean CarFaxSelling a sleek and sporty 2023 Audi A4 S line Premium Plus with only ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF42PA011117
    Stock: ND2663
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-24-2025

    • 53,484 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Direct (459 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Zebulon, NC / 459 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Certified. Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner.2023 Audi A4 45 S line Premium Plus quattro quattroPro Certified by CN...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF47PN002163
    Stock: Z7243
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2025

  • $26,704
    fair price
    $346 above market
    • 53,441 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 664 miles away from Bowling Green, KY

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUEAAF40PN018494
    Stock: 8F02B1
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

Showing 148 - 168 out of 1,108 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Audi A4

Read recent reviews for the Audi A4
Overall Consumer Rating
4.5 out of 5 stars28 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 28 reviews
  • 5 star
    (82%)
  • 4 star
    (0%)
  • 3 star
    (7%)
  • 2 star
    (4%)
  • 1 star
    (7%)
5 out of 5 stars

The best mid Luxury sedan, top Ranked Reliability

RW, 08/31/2020
2020 Audi A4 Premium Plus 4dr Sedan AWD w/45 TFSI (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 7AM)
I compared the A4 Quattro to the Mercedes C, BMW 3 series, Lexus and Volvo. The Audi does everything so well that I couldn’t find much to complain about. 0 to 60 in 5.3 seconds With 40mpg’s highway is great. The DSG transmission is incredible with smooth crisp Shifting between gears. Consumer reports gives the A4 a very high rating that’s top in its class with excellent reliability for … the last four years since this new style was released. The LED headlights are amazing, they even shine into turns Lighting the way. Top pick in crash tests too. Update: I’m still very happy with my Audi A4 Quattro. It’s been trouble free with only Oil & Filter changes done as required. Winter driving this year has only given me more praise by the way this car handles the worst weather conditions getting me home safely while I see other makes stuck in snow and icy roads. Update: this A4 has been trouble free, only trips to dealer are for scheduled oil& filter changes. Love this car more and more. Excellent MPGs and great performance. Update: My A4 has been 100% trouble free and I still enjoy it very much. Update: 93,000 miles and its been the best car I've ever owned. Had a recall for the seat heater switch in passenger seat other than that just regular oil & Filter changes and one Transmission fluid change. Still drives like a new car.
Report abuse

Used 2023 Audi A4 in Bowling Green, KY Values

Estimated values
2023 Audi A4 Premium Plus S line 4dr Sedan AWD w/45 TFSI (2.0L 4cyl Turbo gas/electric mild hybrid 7AM) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$21,242$23,249$25,517
Clean$20,940$22,889$25,089
Average$20,437$22,289$24,377
Rough$19,784$21,509$23,450

The average list price of a used 2023 Audi A4 in Bowling Green, Kentucky is $28,852. The average mileage on a used Audi A4 2023 for sale in Bowling Green, Kentucky is 46,475. Based on the average mileage of 46,475 for used 2023 Audi A4 for sale in Bowling Green, KY and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Audi A4 2023 in Bowling Green, Kentucky to be $20,437.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.