Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
514 listings
  • $44,581
    fair price
    $1,070 above market
    • 5,517 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of West Chester (96 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in West Chester, PA / 96 miles away from Newark, NJ

    This vehicle is a prior manager demo/ executive service loaner that helped to provide excellent service to our customers. It has been meticulously rec...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB3SN507888
    Stock: SN507888S
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-02-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $44,677
    fair price
    $141 below market
    • 3,939 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Wappingers Falls (55 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Wappingers Falls, NY / 55 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. White 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA 250 4MATIC® 4D Sedan 4MATIC® 2.0L I4 Turbocharged 25/34 City/Highway MPG Odometer is 1237...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB9SN528017
    Stock: L0882L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-22-2024

  • Price Drop
    • 8,406 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Edison (22 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Edison, NJ / 22 miles away from Newark, NJ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J5BB3SN523054
    Stock: 253108L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $46,812
    fair price
    $274 below market
    • 2,097 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Wappingers Falls (55 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Wappingers Falls, NY / 55 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. Night Black 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA 250 4MATIC® 4D Sedan 4MATIC® 2.0L I4 Turbocharged 26/36 City/Highway MPG Odometer i...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB7SN523320
    Stock: L0891L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2024

  • $53,280
    fair price
    $1,110 above market
    • 9,094 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Wappingers Falls (55 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Wappingers Falls, NY / 55 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. Polar White 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA 250 4MATIC® 4D Sedan 4MATIC® 2.0L I4 Turbocharged 26/36 City/Highway MPG Burmester®...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB2SN490615
    Stock: L0886L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-03-2024

  • $28,856
    good price
    $1,800 below market
    • 42,207 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Karma of Summit (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Westfield, NJ / 14 miles away from Newark, NJ

    2023 Mercedes-Benz CLA Iridium Silver Metallic 4MATIC 4MATIC 7-Speed Automatic 2.0L I4 Turbocharged 24/33 City/Highway MPG

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB5PN331207
    Stock: PN331207
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2025

    • 4,451 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from GA to NJ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Buford, GA / 710 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB6PN355516
    Stock: 27342355
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $38,590
    fair price
    $1,302 above market
    • 3,605 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 2,490 miles away from Newark, NJ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4GB8PN387174
    Stock: 2003726298
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

    • 4,287 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Euro Motorcars Devon (84 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Devon, PA / 84 miles away from Newark, NJ

    2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA 4MATIC Certified. Mercedes-Benz Certified Pre-Owned Details: * Transferable Warranty * Includes Trip Interruption Reimbursement...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB5SN499907
    Stock: D250020L
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • $35,998
    fair price
    $327 below market
    • 10,086 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from WI to NJ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Milwaukee, WI / 731 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB4PN415731
    Stock: 27107105
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $45,300
    fair price
    $693 above market
    • 1,541 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Union (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Union, NJ / 11 miles away from Newark, NJ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB2SN499587
    Stock: 251004L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-27-2025

  • $44,995
    fair price
    $808 above market
    • 2,981 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Union (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Union, NJ / 11 miles away from Newark, NJ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB0SN500817
    Stock: 251002L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-17-2024

  • $44,995
    fair price
    $1,059 above market
    • 3,850 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Union (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Union, NJ / 11 miles away from Newark, NJ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB7SN499164
    Stock: 251003L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-17-2025

  • $46,400
    fair price
    $789 above market
    • 3,483 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Union (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Union, NJ / 11 miles away from Newark, NJ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HBXSN507922
    Stock: 251028L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 12,600 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,363 miles away from Newark, NJ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4GB7PN330335
    Stock: 2003722884
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

  • New Listing
    $18,487
    fair price
    $413 below market
    • 50,816 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Lenders of Egg Harbor Township (97 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Egg Harbor, NJ / 97 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CertificationThis Auto Lenders Safe & Value 2017 Mercedes CLA 250 has passed a rigorous mechanical inspection. All Auto Lenders Safe & Value cars are ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDSJ4GB8HN399507
    Stock: HN399507
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • Price Drop
    $34,990
    fair price
    $759 above market
    • 13,102 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 285 miles away from Newark, NJ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB2PN419261
    Stock: 2003616515
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-14-2025

  • New Listing
    • 15,575 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,363 miles away from Newark, NJ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4GB6PN382104
    Stock: 2003730318
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-14-2025

  • $48,911
    fair price
    $731 above market
    • 6,689 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Wappingers Falls (55 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Wappingers Falls, NY / 55 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. Polar White 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA 250 4MATIC® 4D Sedan 4MATIC® 2.0L I4 Turbocharged 26/36 City/Highway MPG Burmester®...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB8SN488206
    Stock: L0902L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-11-2024

  • $35,799
    fair price
    $285 above market
    • 15,911 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Clinton Acura (40 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Clinton, NJ / 40 miles away from Newark, NJ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB6PN390024
    Stock: 12058
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-25-2024

  • Price Drop
    • 3,794 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Silver Star Motors (13 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Long Island City, NY / 13 miles away from Newark, NJ

    CALL FOR MORE INFORMATION! CLEAN CARFAX!, BUY WITH TOTAL CONFIDENCE!, Mercedes-Benz Certified Pre-Owned, SPECIAL LEASE PROGRAMS AVAILABLE!.Certified....

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: W1K5J4HB4SN506555
    Stock: 250030L
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-30-2024

Showing 295 - 315 out of 514 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class

Read recent reviews for the Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class
Overall Consumer Rating
3.5 out of 5 stars8 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 8 reviews
  • 5 star
    (63%)
  • 4 star
    (0%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (38%)
5 out of 5 stars

Great Car

this is a great car, 07/07/2020
2020 Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class CLA 250 4MATIC 4dr Sedan AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 7AM)
easy driving, comfortable, good pick up, looks great
Report abuse

Used 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class in Newark, NJ Values

Estimated values
2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class CLA 250 4MATIC 4dr Sedan AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo gas/electric mild hybrid 8AM) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
OutstandingN/AN/AN/A
CleanN/AN/AN/A
AverageN/AN/AN/A
RoughN/AN/AN/A

The average list price of a used 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class in Newark, New Jersey is $41,871. The average mileage on a used Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class 2025 for sale in Newark, New Jersey is 10,668. Based on the average mileage of 10,668 for used 2025 Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class for sale in Newark, NJ and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mercedes-Benz CLA-Class 2025 in Newark, New Jersey to be N/A.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.