Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
645 listings
  • Price Drop
    • 75,616 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Herb Chambers BMW of Medford (120 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Medford, MA / 120 miles away from New Haven, CT

    INSPECTION COMPLETED Every Herb Chambers Certified pre-owned vehicle receives a complete multi-point inspection by factory trained technicians who ins...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W5C01LFH22717
    Stock: BP2860XX
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-13-2025

    • 83,409 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Ally Motors (114 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Whitman, MA / 114 miles away from New Haven, CT

    NEW ARRIVAL! COMING SOON! Please call for details 774-447-4442CALL NOW 774-447-44421-OWNER !!! only 83k miles - 2018 BMW 430 xDrive (AWD) Hard Top Co...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z3C52JEC56676
    Stock: 21-5286
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 88,106 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from GA to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Augusta, GA / 738 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W3C50JAC97100
    Stock: 25254189
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 29,127 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Oxnard, CA / 2,541 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z1C57JEC71842
    Stock: 27621859
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 51,349 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Beverly Hills Auto Group (58 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Elmont, NY / 58 miles away from New Haven, CT

    NO HIDDEN FEES OR CHARGES. SAME PRICE CASH/FINANCE. BE AWARE THAT UNETHICAL DEALERS ADVERTISE FALSE PRICES ONLINE, REQUIRE YOU TO FINANCE IN ORDER TO ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3R5C50GK373266
    Stock: 7832
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-24-2024

  • New Listing
    • 26,445 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IL to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Glencoe, IL / 767 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z5C5XJEE16475
    Stock: 26860794
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 57,589 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from GA to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Kennesaw, GA / 813 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W3C54JAC97312
    Stock: 27471114
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 53,100 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 2,193 miles away from New Haven, CT

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z3C50JEC55980
    Stock: 2003860644
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-03-2025

    • 58,406 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from SC to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Columbia, SC / 672 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z1C54JEC60961
    Stock: 27509084
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 45,124 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Buffalo, NY / 320 miles away from New Haven, CT

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z3C53JEC55844
    Stock: 2003888423
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-22-2025

    • 92,015 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • MB Motorsports (95 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Asbury Park, NJ / 95 miles away from New Haven, CT

    2018 BMW 4 Series 430i xDrive 430i xDrive 2.0L 4-Cylinder TwinPower Turbo 8-Speed Automatic Sport AWD Coupe Mineral Grey MetallicClean CARFAX.23/...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W5C50JAE43247
    Stock: JAE43247
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-03-2025

  • $27,995
    great price
    $7,893 below market
    • 49,543 miles
    • 4 accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Pristine Mitsubishi (37 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Commack, NY / 37 miles away from New Haven, CT

    ABS brakes, Aerodynamic Kit, Ambient Lighting, Apple CarPlay & Android Auto Compatibility, Apple CarPlay Compatibility, Automatic temperature control,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA23AT00MCG90886
    Stock: 54416
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-09-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 30,856 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • BMW of Reading (172 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Reading, PA / 172 miles away from New Haven, CT

    2.0L 4-Cylinder TwinPower Turbo 8-Speed Automatic Sport AWDClean CARFAX. 22/32 City/Highway MPGAwards: * JD Power Initial Quality Study (IQS)

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z3C55JEC56459
    Stock: B10385
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-26-2025

    • 78,457 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from AL to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Hoover, AL / 939 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W3C52JAB87052
    Stock: 27386548
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 94,353 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Senda Auto Sales (176 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sinking Spring, PA / 176 miles away from New Haven, CT

    Senda Auto Sales, Inc. Omar/Edwin 28 Shillington Rd, Sinking Spring PA 19608 Reading, PA 19601 6**-6**-5*** Visit Senda Auto Sales, Inc. online at ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W5C58JAA49883
    Stock: BMA49883
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

    • 78,337 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to CT*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 1,569 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z3C54JEC55805
    Stock: 26517874
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 66,330 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax Newark (185 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Newark, DE / 185 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (21 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA3T1C51GP823391
    Stock: 27460893
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $24,990
    great price
    $3,761 below market
    • 39,952 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 2,193 miles away from New Haven, CT

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4U7C57H5D43344
    Stock: 2003859770
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-09-2025

  • $27,990
    fair price
    $662 above market
    • 35,228 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 817 miles away from New Haven, CT

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4Z1C59JEE43868
    Stock: 2003855580
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-05-2025

  • New Listing
    • 50,650 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to CT*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Costa Mesa, CA / 2,493 miles away from New Haven, CT

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W3C55JAB87398
    Stock: 27572191
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 39,442 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 2,193 miles away from New Haven, CT

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (21 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4W7C58JAB93526
    Stock: 2003895410
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-29-2025

Showing 43 - 63 out of 645 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW 4 Series

Read recent reviews for the BMW 4 Series
Overall Consumer Rating
4.6 out of 5 stars45 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 45 reviews
  • 5 star
    (69%)
  • 4 star
    (24%)
  • 3 star
    (4%)
  • 2 star
    (2%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

Possibly the best convertible "sporty" car today!

Lee Moss, 01/19/2016
2016 BMW 4 Series 435i 2dr Convertible (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 8A)
Overall, this is the best convertible I have ever owned, and I have owned 7 convertibles prior to this purchase, one of which was an outstanding 2005 BMW 330ci convertible! I traded in a 2013 Audi A6 and 2008 Porsche Boxster for this car, trying to get a combination that best reflected those 2 cars combined. The BMW is not a sports car, nor is it intended to be, but it has the feel of … one! It is by far the quietest convertible I have owned, measured both by top up and down. The wind reflector really helps, but it only works with people in the front seats. The back seats are "adequate" for adults around town, but not for long trips. The heated neck ventilator is wonderful anytime it is below 68 degrees. I deeply value a strong sound system, particularly with the top down, and the Harman Kardon system does not disappoint. We have taken several 7 hour plus trips, and it is very comfortable on the long trips, top up or down. The engine and transmission are smooth and powerful, and they are more than 90% of the owners would ever want or need. I loved my 2005 BMW, but this car is much sleeker, with a larger and more comfortable interior. The trunk and fold down rear seat are outstanding with the top up, and more that adequate when down. We comfortably took a week long trip to the beach with beach chairs and top down, which you couldn't do in most hard top convertibles. I have the following criticisms: 1) A luxury convertible should have available ventilated seats, and they are NOT an option, 2) the navigation and sound system are not as intuitive or efficient as in the Audi, and 3) the climate control is not fully automatic, it requires you to manually adjust the fan's speed and vent direction. Overall, these are minor detractors, but changes BMW needs to make in this car. I have owned the car for 5 months, and I truly love driving it and am fully pleased with my purchase, and confidently recommend this car if it is what you are seeking!
Report abuse

Used 2020 BMW 4 Series in New Haven, CT Values

Estimated values
2020 BMW 4 Series 430i xDrive 2dr Coupe AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$21,164$22,249$23,296
Clean$20,695$21,741$22,749
Average$19,912$20,894$21,837
Rough$18,895$19,794$20,652

The average list price of a used 2020 BMW 4 Series in New Haven, Connecticut is $25,051. The average mileage on a used BMW 4 Series 2020 for sale in New Haven, Connecticut is 58,259. Based on the average mileage of 58,259 for used 2020 BMW 4 Series for sale in New Haven, CT and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW 4 Series 2020 in New Haven, Connecticut to be $19,912.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.