Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
927 listings
  • Photos not available
    • 107,841 miles
    • 3 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Championship 54 Auto Sales (369 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Owensboro, KY / 369 miles away from Lansing, MI

    4WD.Magnetic Black 2017 Nissan Titan PRO-4X 4WD 7-Speed Automatic 5.6L V8 . Courtesy of Championship, GET ON BOARD!To see more high quality vehi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E55HN542153
    Stock: C9188
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

    • 152,564 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Rite Ride (485 mi away)
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Murfreesboro, TN / 485 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Fully inspected, serviced and detailed, with nothing but a C.L.E.A.N Title! Come in to any of our convenient locations or call us at 6**.4**.6*** OR 9...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6BA0EK3FN504034
    Stock: 504034
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-11-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,973
    good price
    $3,508 below market
    • 95,992 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • City Chevrolet (119 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbia City, IN / 119 miles away from Lansing, MI

    SummaryFord Blue Advantage Certified Pre-Owned.Vehicle DetailsIntroducing the 2018 Nissan Titan PRO-4X, a robust and reliable full-s...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E54JN541579
    Stock: GM6321D1
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-04-2025

  • $21,499
    good price
    $1,378 below market
    • 82,037 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Raptor Automotive (112 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Fort Wayne, IN / 112 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Recent Arrival!** BLUETOOTH **, ** NAVIGATION **, ** HEATED SEATS **, **CLEAN CAR FAX**, ** BACK UP CAMERA **, **NEW TIRES**, ** AUTOMATIC **, ** SPOR...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E50JN514489
    Stock: R2505230
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $28,000
    good price
    $2,267 below market
    • 63,633 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Ourisman Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (466 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Clarksville, MD / 466 miles away from Lansing, MI

    CARFAX, BLUETOOTH, BACK UP CAMERA, NAV - GPS, BLINDSPOT, HEATED SEATS, 5.5' TITAN Box, Air Dam, Front Chin Spoiler Delete, Navigation System, Off-Road...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E58JN542749
    Stock: 04492A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

  • $27,200
    good price
    $1,755 below market
    • 61,158 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Hugh White Chevrolet (229 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Lancaster, OH / 229 miles away from Lansing, MI

    ===== Discover Nissan TITAN SL Exceptional Savings at Hugh White Chevrolet Lancaster! =====If you are ready to finance your next used vehicle near Lan...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E58JN506253
    Stock: 15614840
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

  • $26,045
    fair price
    $636 below market
    • 86,006 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Auto Boutique Ohio (208 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 208 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Carfax and Autocheck accident free.*Disclaimer*PRICE LISTED DOES NOT INCLUDE TAX (TAX RATE VARIES DEPENDING ON STATE, CITY, & COUNTY), TITLE ($20), TE...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E5XJN525533
    Stock: Y1458
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-05-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $26,995
    fair price
    $79 below market
    • 45,751 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Courtesy Nissan (354 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Altoona, PA / 354 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E52JN533982
    Stock: 5N621A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • $26,695
    fair price
    $508 above market
    • 85,470 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • CarWise Gurnee (175 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Gurnee, IL / 175 miles away from Lansing, MI

    4WD, ABS brakes, Alloy wheels, Compass, Electronic Stability Control, Front dual zone A/C, Heated door mirrors, Heated front seats, Heated rear seats,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E53JN515944
    Stock: GM28859
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    $27,400
    fair price
    $273 above market
    • 80,925 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Crown Mitsubishi (325 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Clarksburg, WV / 325 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Valet Function, Trip Computer, Transmission: 7-Speed Automatic, Transmission w/Driver Selectable Mode and Sequential Shift Control, Tire Specific Low ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E56JN535959
    Stock: NP586
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-29-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $28,500
    fair price
    $503 above market
    • 63,700 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Sarchione Ford of Alliance (216 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Alliance, OH / 216 miles away from Lansing, MI

    2018 Nissan Titan PRO-4X 4WD 4D Crew Cab Gun Metallic 5.6L V8 7-Speed AutomaticPlease don't hesitate to call with any questions or for a personal wa...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA1E58JN517625
    Stock: W3101B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-11-2025

    • 116,980 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8'3” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Select Auto (209 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Dayton, OH / 209 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA06FX8N332973
    Stock: 332973
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2024

    • 259,198 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 7'3” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Paley Auto Group (209 mi away)
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • 7ft Bed
    • Crew Cab
    • Fold Flat Rear Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 209 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    10 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6BA07GX8N300973
    Stock: 300973
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-28-2024

    • 94,000 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 6'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Auto Credit (245 mi away)
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • 6ft Bed
    • Extended Cab
    • Fold Flat Rear Seats
    Close

    Located in Milford, OH / 245 miles away from Lansing, MI

    2008 Nissan TITAN SE King Cab 4-Door Rugged Power, Towing Capability & Reliability You Can Count On CLEAN TITLE | LOW MILES | TOW PACKAGE | BUILT TO W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA06A48N340667
    Stock: 12968
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-25-2025

    • 150,346 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Bi-Rite Auto Sales, Inc. (450 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Leather Seats
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Ruckersville, VA / 450 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Looking for a dependable and well-maintained vehicle? Look no further! This vehicle is in excellent condition, featuring a clean title with no salvage...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA07D98N320309
    Stock: 1105
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2024

    • 141,186 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Mahwy Cars (454 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 454 miles away from Lansing, MI

    -500 MILES FREE SHIPPING TO YOUR HOUSE. -All our Vehicles Passed VA safety inspection before listing for sales.-Fresh oil change and filter.-3 months ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA06C28N349529
    Stock: Jt9529
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 123,470 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 6'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Gaughan Auto Store (463 mi away)
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    • 6ft Bed
    Close

    Located in Taylor, PA / 463 miles away from Lansing, MI

    12/17 City/Highway MPG**SERVICE RECORDS AVAILABLE**, **GOOD TIRES**, **GOOD BRAKES**, **LOCAL TRADE**.Odometer is 25933 miles below market average!Wel...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    10 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6BA06A58N334042
    Stock: K334042
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-28-2025

    • 144,444 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8'3” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Carma Auto (482 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Capitol Heights, MD / 482 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA07F98N355613
    Stock: 355613
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-12-2025

    • 124,870 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8'3” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Freedom Auto Sales (454 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • 8ft Bed
    • Extended Cab
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 454 miles away from Lansing, MI

    ****All Freedom Auto Sales Vehicles Comes with a 6 months, 6000 miles warranty on engine and transmission, drive axles, Roadside assistance, rental ca...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA06FX8N320743
    Stock: 320743
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-16-2025

    • 140,379 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 6'7” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    • 6ft Bed
    Close

    Located in Westlake Village, CA / 1,930 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Rare Find,5-Speed A/T,Power Door Locks,Gasoline Fuel,CD Player,ABS,Cloth Seats,Rear Wheel Drive,Rear Defrost,Power Outlet,Engine Immobilizer,Power Mir...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA07D78N309857
    Stock: 8N309857P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 134,588 miles
    • No accidents, 7 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8'3” bed, 5.6l, 8cyl
    • Reflection Auto Sales (448 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • 8ft Bed
    • Extended Cab
    Close

    Located in Oakdale, MN / 448 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (12 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6AA06F78N318495
    Stock: 3207
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-19-2025

Showing 169 - 189 out of 927 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Nissan Titan

Read recent reviews for the Nissan Titan
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars27 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 27 reviews
  • 5 star
    (59%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (11%)
  • 2 star
    (11%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
4 out of 5 stars

Great Truck for the price

smoothnuke, 07/20/2014
2011 Nissan Titan PRO-4X 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (5.6L 8cyl 5A)
I bought this truck a little over 3 years ago now and overall it has exceeded my expectations in all aspects. I bought the Pro4x brand new for $28,400 just $400 more than the SV model and I am glad I did. I have used every feature on the vehicle and have had no problems. As of now I do not tow anything regularly, I have towed up to 9000 lbs without any problems at all. I have never … gotten stuck in snow/mud and I have definitely put it to the test. The locking rear in 4 low will go through anything. I have put this truck up against many other comparable models and it has out performed time and time again.
Report abuse

Used 2017 Nissan Titan in Lansing, MI Values

Estimated values
2017 Nissan Titan PRO-4X 4dr Crew Cab 4WD (5.6L 8cyl 7A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$15,906$19,405$22,065
Clean$15,411$18,789$21,349
Average$14,586$17,760$20,155
Rough$13,514$16,424$18,604

The average list price of a used 2017 Nissan Titan in Lansing, Michigan is $18,053. The average mileage on a used Nissan Titan 2017 for sale in Lansing, Michigan is 112,121. Based on the average mileage of 112,121 for used 2017 Nissan Titan for sale in Lansing, MI and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Nissan Titan 2017 in Lansing, Michigan to be $14,586.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Truck Details

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.