Skip to FiltersReport abuse
988 listings
- $32,297fair price
- 33,904 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
- 5 Seats, 23 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- EchoPark Automotive Houston (Southwest Freeway) (27 mi away)
Close
Located in Stafford, TX / 27 miles away from Spring, TX
At EchoPark, it’s all about offering you options for a happy experience. We have thousands of new-to-you makes and models that range from sedans to tr...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX43DP06P9T24189
Stock: HP9T24189
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-09-2025 - New Listing$28,994fair price
- 55,530 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
- 5 Seats, 23 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- MINI of the Woodlands (14 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Conroe, TX / 14 miles away from Spring, TX
Premium Package 2Black; Vernasca Leather UpholsteryPanoramic MoonroofLive Cockpit Pro W/NavigationComfort Access Keyless EntryPanoramic RoofDark...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX43DP01N9L83955
Stock: N9L83955
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-26-2025 - New Listing$33,499good price
- 40,435 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
- Enterprise Car Sales Houston South (36 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 36 miles away from Spring, TX
Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX53DP07P9R43887
Stock: 8D4NC4
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-10-2025 - $17,995fair price
- 89,635 miles
- No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
- 5 Seats, 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- R&T Expo (21 mi away)
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 21 miles away from Spring, TX
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTR9C5XJLC68909
Stock: C68909
Certified Pre-Owned: No - $43,995fair price
- 44,842 miles
- No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
- BMW of Houston North (7 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 7 miles away from Spring, TX
Premium PackageBlack; Vernasca Leather UpholsteryHarman/Kardon Surround Sound SystemParking Assistance PackagePanoramic RoofWheels: 20" X 8.0" Fr...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX83DP05N9J72100
Stock: N9J72100
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-11-2025 - $29,308fair price
- 46,816 miles
- No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
- 5 Seats, 23 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- Bayway Chevrolet (35 mi away)
Close
Located in Pearland, TX / 35 miles away from Spring, TX
Clean CARFAX. 8-Speed Automatic Sport. Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! If you work full-time, we can help at Bayway Chevrolet, located just 8 mi...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX43DP02N9J51185
Stock: C251645A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-11-2025 - New Listing$25,990fair price
- 43,442 miles
- No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- Carvana (In-stock online)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Dallas, TX / 205 miles away from Spring, TX
At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTR9C52JLD65828
Stock: 2003844199
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-25-2025 - $32,995fair price
- 31,589 miles
- No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
- BMW of Houston North (7 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 7 miles away from Spring, TX
Convenience PackageTanzanite Blue Ii MetallicPanoramic MoonroofComfort Access Keyless EntryPanoramic RoofNavigation SystemKeyless StartRear Spo...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX53DP09N9J74953
Stock: N9J74953
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-23-2025 - New Listing$36,977fair price
- 34,315 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
- Sterling McCall Ford (21 mi away)
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 21 miles away from Spring, TX
Excellent Condition. FUEL EFFICIENT 28 MPG Hwy/21 MPG City! Heated Seats, Moonroof, Navigation, Back-Up Camera, Rear Air, Power Liftgate, Turbo Charge...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX53DP02R9U23213
Stock: R9U23213
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-27-2025 - $24,995fair price
- 63,811 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 25 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- BMW of Houston North (7 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 7 miles away from Spring, TX
Convenience PackageCognac W/Contrast Stitch; Vernasca Leather UpholsteryPanoramic MoonroofLive Cockpit Pro W/NavigationParking Assistance Package...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
27 Combined MPG (25 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTY3C0XM9E94518
Stock: M9E94518
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-21-2025 - $33,495fair price
- 39,875 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
- 5 Seats, 23 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- BMW of Houston North (7 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 7 miles away from Spring, TX
Navigation SystemKeyless StartRear SpoilerThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* and passed our precise inspection process. Best of all th...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX43DP08R9V28589
Stock: R9V28589
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-02-2025 - $37,180fair price
- 33,896 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
- Fred Haas Toyota Country (4 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 4 miles away from Spring, TX
Mineral White Metallic 2024 BMW X3 xDrive30i AWD 8-Speed Automatic Sport I4 ***CLEAN CARFAX HISTORY***, ***ONE OWNER***, ***WELL MAINTAINED***, ***Nav...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX53DP00R9U65511
Stock: 9U65511A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-22-2025 - $30,991fair price
- 36,362 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
- 5 Seats, 23 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- ABZ Motors (24 mi away)
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 24 miles away from Spring, TX
CARFAX One-Owner.LoJack, Automatic.2022 BMW X3 sDrive30i Black Automatic 2.0L I4 TwinPower TurboConnected Package Pro, Convenience Package (Lum...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX43DP03N9K71528
Stock: N9K71528
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 03-19-2025 - $22,991fair price
- 51,455 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
- 5 Seats, 25 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- Driveway (35 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 35 miles away from Spring, TX
Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Lane Departure Warning,Navigation System,Satellite Radio,Turbo/Su...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
27 Combined MPG (25 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTY3C07L9C16898
Stock: L9C16898A
Certified Pre-Owned: No - New Listing$19,998fair price$495 above market
- 67,977 miles
- No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
- 5 Seats, 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- CarMax (In-stock online)
- Transfer available from NV to TX*
Close
Located in Reno, NV / 1,515 miles away from Spring, TX
CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTR9C55JLC82894
Stock: 26797012
Certified Pre-Owned: No - $33,495fair price
- 43,873 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
- 5 Seats, 23 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- BMW of Houston North (7 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 7 miles away from Spring, TX
Premium PackagePanoramic MoonroofParking Assistance PackageMineral White MetallicPanoramic RoofHeated Front SeatsWireless ChargingNavigation Sy...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX43DP02P9S93359
Stock: P9S93359
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-10-2025 - $31,999fair price
- 55,554 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
- Enterprise Car Sales Houston North (6 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 6 miles away from Spring, TX
Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX53DP07P9R81345
Stock: 8DKMKP
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-30-2025 - $32,499fair price
- 50,797 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
- Enterprise Car Sales Houston Northwest (11 mi away)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Houston, TX / 11 miles away from Spring, TX
Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX53DP09P9R81427
Stock: 8D6VYQ
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-02-2025 - $43,975good price
- 50,851 miles
- 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
- THIScar (5 mi away)
Close
Located in Tomball, TX / 5 miles away from Spring, TX
As one of the largest online vehicle sales platforms in the nation, we sell and deliver vehicles all over the country every day and we offer guarantee...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UX83DP09P9N64578
Stock: B1N64578
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-23-2025 - $22,998fair price
- 52,690 miles
- No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- CarMax (In-stock online)
- Transfer available from San Antonio, TX*
Close
Located in San Antonio, TX / 185 miles away from Spring, TX
CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTR9C55JLD57609
Stock: 27166625
Certified Pre-Owned: No - New Listing$27,998fair price$349 above market
- 36,316 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 5 Seats, 22 City / 29 Hwy MPG
- CarMax (In-stock online)
- Transfer available from VA to TX*
Close
Located in Virginia Beach, VA / 1,212 miles away from Spring, TX
CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 5UXTR9C51JLC69754
Stock: 27059734
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Showing 190 - 210 out of 988 listings
Consumer Reviews for the BMW X3
Read recent reviews for the BMW X3
Practical mpg and traction - Fun driving dynamics!
Brice, 04/08/2017
2009 BMW X3 xDrive30i 4dr SUV AWD (3.0L 6cyl 6M)
*** Final update. Well folks, she’s given me a great 7.5 years and 140,000 miles. The odometer is now just under 223,000 in November 2024. It’s been starting rough with the cold weather (I’ve never had a garage for her, sadly), and due to having the suspension replaced on all 4 corners but not getting an alignment promptly afterward, it developed a problem in the transfer case (?). I … then got 2 new tires to replace the front tires that had by then worn wobbles at the inside edges, but the 3-warning-light combo keeps returning. I haven’t gone to the mechanic who can clear the codes. It’s also burning oil now, about a quart every 4,000 miles or so. So I bought a 2013 X3 35i with 130,000 and will be selling the 2009 for $2000 or best offer. It’s been a great ride! ***
2009 BMW X3 with full options - I bought this car used in March, 2017 with 83,000 miles on it to replace a 2007 BMW X3 with 165,000 miles which was the nicest car I had ever owned. This one is better. The transmission on the 2009 is smoother than the 2007, this one has the upgraded stereo and it sounds better, but also just the tuner knob is nicer and easier to use. It could be just my perception, but it seems more stable in corners at speed. Gas mileage is great on both - I get 21 or 22 mixed, and 26 to 28 highway in the Rocky mountains between 50 and 80 miles an hour.
MPG is one of the best features, and it comes from a powerful engine that is ready to pass anything, anytime even going up a mountain. Front seats are fully adjustable and very comfortable. Drive noise is quite minimal, making it hard to drive anything less insulated. The over all size is small, which I like for fitting through traffic and parking, and I find the cargo space to be large for the size of the car. Traction control with Michelin X-Ice tires is excellent on snow, frozen hard surface snow, and good on clear ice. Braking is crisp and tight, as is the steering. The ride is firm, but I found I like it better than Mercedes ML350 and ML 550 that I test drove. Driving it really does feel like a sporty car - much better visibility than a Porsche Cayenne, and the Porsche and Mercedes 550 felt too tight in the cockpit for me. I'm 6'3", and my only real complaint is that the transmission box is wide in the X3 and pushes my right foot in at an odd angle that makes my knee and hip feel tweaked. It bugs me, but when my 2007 got totaled by a friend, and I had to replace it, after looking at the Mercedes and a Mazda CX-7, this one is just soooo fun to drive (and the gear shift is useful and fun) and gets such good mileage, that I couldn't get as excited about anything else. **If you get one, you must rotate tires regularly. Irregular wear on tires will confuse the traction control and transmission and make you think it's a junk car, but it's your tires and/or suspension**
**~update at 142,000 miles~** Still the same impression as I wrote previously. Have had no mechanical issues, just changed the oil, coolant & tires. Apparently my body has now warped to function with the wide console, as my hip is no longer sore from the funny angle of my right leg. Great vehicle! Still fun to drive! Beautiful.
**Update at 185,000 miles** (now have owned it for 5 years, and driven it about 100,000 miles in the Colorado Rockies, occasionally pulling trailers with scaffolding, or motorcycles as far as Los Angeles quite a few times)
Well, at last she had some real problems this year. The water pump when out at 175,000 - please trust me when I say you are best off replacing with only an OEM BMW water pump - mine cost $1600 to replace, parts & labor. Also the transfer case broke a tooth on a gear, and it would lurch mildly going uphill in 1st & 2nd gear, and make a big clank sound in the back end. Replaced with a rebuilt transfer case for about $3000 parts and labor. My mechanic said I now need to replace all 4 oxygen sensors for $1200 parts and labor.
So after no real expenses other than gas, oil, tires, brake pads, and wiper blades, this year is a $5500 year. Interior still in good shape, heated seats and steering wheel still work great, stereo still great.
I expect I will also need to get the struts replaced next year for about $600 as I can feel the suspension isn't as crisp.
For me, the car is still a good vehicle, and a good investment. But if you want to avoid these type of expenses, in my very limited experience, I would suggest not buying an X3 with over 150,000 miles, or selling it at about 160,000 or 170,000.
I am keeping mine, as the repairs this year will still be less than 2 years worth of car payments for a small luxury SUV, and it is still very powerful and comfortable (the seat is as firm and clean as ever). I am still getting about 27 miles to the gallon, and I drive this car hard, always up and down the mountains in sometimes very, very bad road conditions. I still warmly recommend this model and year.
Used 2023 BMW X3 in Spring, TX Values
Estimated values
2023 BMW X3 sDrive30i 4dr SUV (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
| Condition | Trade-In | Private Party | Dealer Retail |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outstanding | $23,320 | $25,220 | $27,364 |
| Clean | $23,058 | $24,916 | $27,013 |
| Average | $22,620 | $24,409 | $26,426 |
| Rough | $22,051 | $23,750 | $25,664 |
The average list price of a used 2023 BMW X3 in Spring, Texas is $30,698. The average mileage on a used BMW X3 2023 for sale in Spring, Texas is 47,808. Based on the average mileage of 47,808 for used 2023 BMW X3 for sale in Spring, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW X3 2023 in Spring, Texas to be $22,620.
Filters
Skip to ResultsApplied Filters4Active
Make & Model
Year
New / Used
Price & Payments
Price Rating
Body Type
Trim
Mileage
Accidents & History
EV Details
Engine & Drivetrain
Exterior Color
Interior Color
Total Seating
Edmunds Review
Features
Options & Packages
MPG
* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.