Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
3,770 listings
  • Price Drop
    $18,088
    fair price
    $720 below market
    • 91,150 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Russ Darrow Mazda of Madison (192 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Madison, WI / 192 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sport Firecracker Red Clear Coat 4WD 3.6L V6 24V VVT*** NON-SMOKER ***, Wrangler Unlimited Sport, 4D Sport Utility, 3.6L ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWDG9FL566858
    Stock: PMDH3721
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    $16,847
    fair price
    $730 above market
    • 137,347 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Ewald Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram (123 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Stereo
    Close

    Located in Franklin, WI / 123 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara Black Clearcoat 4WD 3.6L V6 24V VVTNON SMOKER, LOCAL TRADE, CLEAN VEHICLE HISTORY REPORT, FRESH TRADE * AUTOMATIC ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJWEG2FL756574
    Stock: DP56217A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

  • $13,500
    fair price
    $421 above market
    • 98,848 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Ed Koehn Chevrolet (21 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Rockford, MI / 21 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Wrangler Unlimited Sahara, 4D Sport Utility, 3.8L V6 SMPI, 4-Speed Automatic VLP, 4WD, Bright Silver Metallic Clearcoat, Dark/Medium Slate Gray Cloth,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (15 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1J4GA59148L583908
    Stock: P10303
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

  • $16,750
    fair price
    $685 above market
    • 97,816 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Saad Auto Parts (126 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    Close

    Located in Dearborn Heights, MI / 126 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWEG7FL579445
    Stock: 579445
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $17,998
    fair price
    $130 below market
    • 105,187 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to MI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in White Marsh, MD / 535 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWDG2FL566636
    Stock: 26888048
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $16,622
    fair price
    $1,218 below market
    • 93,996 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Grote Automotive (84 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Elkhart, IN / 84 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4GJWAGXFL727129
    Stock: 727129
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2025

  • $16,800
    fair price
    $869 above market
    • 123,369 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Dales Auto (141 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Mount Clemens, MI / 141 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    2015 JEEP WRANGLER UNLIMITED SPORT

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWDG6FL722208
    Stock: 722208
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-10-2025

  • New Listing
    $18,998
    fair price
    $373 above market
    • 93,251 miles
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to MI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Fresno, CA / 1,847 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4AJWAG9FL536369
    Stock: 27122528
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 91,605 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to MI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Ontario, CA / 1,819 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4AJWAG6FL522882
    Stock: 27511999
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 61,038 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Stereo
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 1,171 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4AJWBG1FL581594
    Stock: 2003606456
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

    • 65,701 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Findlay Auto Exchange (163 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Findlay, OH / 163 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    As always! We are here to make a deal! If your offer makes sense on paper then we will accept it!2015 Jeep Wrangler Sport Rugged, Iconic, Ready for Ad...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWDG3FL717905
    Stock: 717905
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-14-2025

  • $22,480
    fair price
    $287 above market
    • 88,561 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars of Perrysburg (137 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Stereo
    Close

    Located in Perrysburg, OH / 137 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    **Clean Car Fax No Accidents**, **Non Smoker**, **Touch Screen Radio**, **Navigation**, **Bluetooth**, **Rear View Camera**, **Keyless Entry**, **Remo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWFG9FL551189
    Stock: VY173A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

  • New Listing
    $21,998
    fair price
    $885 above market
    • 99,776 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Stereo
    Close

    Located in Fresno, CA / 1,845 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    High Demand,Brake Assist,Navigation System,Premium Sound,Satellite Radio,V6 Cylinder Engine,5-Speed A/T,Power Door Locks,Satellite Radio,Brake Assist,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWFG3FL536865
    Stock: FL536865PKX
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 96,997 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Navigation
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Stereo
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Grants Pass, OR / 1,899 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Brake Assist,Navigation System,Premium Sound,Remote Start,Satellite Radio,V6 Cylinder Engine,5-Speed A/T,Power Door Locks...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWFG4FL526961
    Stock: FL526961V
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $15,900
    fair price
    $739 above market
    • 92,643 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Terry Henricks Ford (115 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Archbold, OH / 115 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4AJWAG1FL686895
    Stock: JA48336A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-03-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $13,333
    fair price
    $878 above market
    • 133,412 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Young Cadillac Owosso (75 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Owosso, MI / 75 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4AJWAG1FL726103
    Stock: 45294
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-10-2024

  • $17,990
    fair price
    $280 above market
    • 102,270 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • S & H Auto Sales Goshen (87 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Engine
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Elkhart, IN / 87 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Black Clearcoat 2013 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sport 4WD 5-Speed Automatic 3.6L V6 24V VVT16/20 City/Highway MPGAt S & H we pride ourselves on our OUT...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWDG5DL700567
    Stock: G700567A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-12-2025

  • $19,495
    fair price
    $156 above market
    • 86,405 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • New Look Auto Sales (142 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Crete, IL / 142 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4AJWBG3FL749008
    Stock: 749008
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

  • New Listing
    Photos not available
    $13,911
    fair price
    $679 above market
    • 167,713 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Ben Davis Ford (108 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Auburn, IN / 108 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Recent Arrival!We use MARKET BASED PRICING & HASSLE FREE PRICING at BEN DAVIS AUTOMOTIVE GROUP!This means we align asking prices with market data ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWEG7DL691367
    Stock: 6077B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-23-2025

    • 98,773 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • My Cars (140 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Schaumburg, IL / 140 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4BJWDG8FL635815
    Stock: 943
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $18,777
    fair price
    $118 above market
    • 81,099 miles
    • 2 accidents, 5 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Ed Koehn Ford (27 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Greenville, MI / 27 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sport 3.6L V6 24V VVT 5-Speed AutomaticEd Koehn Automotive Group has been serving the greater Grand Rapids area for the b...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJWDG7FL657122
    Stock: FP4377
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-02-2025

Showing 2,962 - 2,982 out of 3,770 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jeep Wrangler

Read recent reviews for the Jeep Wrangler
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars26 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 26 reviews
  • 5 star
    (69%)
  • 4 star
    (12%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (4%)
  • 1 star
    (15%)
5 out of 5 stars

My Last Hoorah!

Atteboyz, 08/07/2022
2022 Jeep Wrangler Willys Sport 2dr SUV 4WD (3.6L 6cyl 6M)
I love my Sarge Green Willys Sport 2-Door, V-6, with Manual. I researched my build options to death before custom order. It looks and feels like a mean, green, jeepin machine. It also fits nicely in my garage. I'm an empty-nester, so 4-Door was out; I like the 2-Door looks better. She zips and punches nicely; straighten the curves, flattin the hills...
Report abuse

Used 2015 Jeep Wrangler in Grand Rapids, MI Values

Estimated values
2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sport 4dr SUV 4WD (3.6L 6cyl 5A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$12,253$14,952$16,771
Clean$11,616$14,124$15,785
Average$10,555$12,743$14,142
Rough$9,176$10,948$12,007

The average list price of a used 2015 Jeep Wrangler in Grand Rapids, Michigan is $18,286. The average mileage on a used Jeep Wrangler 2015 for sale in Grand Rapids, Michigan is 100,331. Based on the average mileage of 100,331 for used 2015 Jeep Wrangler for sale in Grand Rapids, MI and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jeep Wrangler 2015 in Grand Rapids, Michigan to be $10,555.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.