Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,474 listings
    • 30,623 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • World Car Mazda North (63 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 63 miles away from Austin, TX

    Blacktop Package, Rear Park Assist, Backup Camera, Android Auto/Apple CarPlay, Bluetooth, Dual Auto Climate Control, Remote Start, Fog Lamps, Power Si...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG1MH672690
    Stock: K672690
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-30-2025

  • New Listing
    $47,998
    fair price
    $2,507 above market
    • 18,411 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl manual
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 930 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ9MH654250
    Stock: 27605012
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 56,637 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Alice Chevrolet (172 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Alice, TX / 172 miles away from Austin, TX

    Recent Arrival!Blacktop Package (Black Fuel Filler Door, Black Grille w/Bezel, Challenger Blacktop Grille Badge, Gloss Black I/P Cluster Trim Rings, L...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG4MH572969
    Stock: C3959A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-24-2025

    • 57,060 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • West Houston INFINITI (128 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 128 miles away from Austin, TX

    Recent Arrival! New Price!LOCAL TRADE IN. EXCELLENT CONDITION INSIDE AND OUT.WARRANTY AND SERVICE INCLUDED.NO DEALERSHIP SALE PRICE ADD ON'S.OPTIONS:...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG4MH627100
    Stock: 8634
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-14-2025

    • 15,815 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Keating Honda (132 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Conroe, TX / 132 miles away from Austin, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ4MH655497
    Stock: MH655497AP
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

    • 74,865 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Platinum Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (189 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Terrell, TX / 189 miles away from Austin, TX

    Discover the power and style of the 2021 Dodge Challenger GT, a true American icon that's ready to take your driving experience to new heights. This s...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG2MH555622
    Stock: D250451B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-25-2025

  • New Listing
    • 37,490 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Texan Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (144 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Humble, TX / 144 miles away from Austin, TX

    CARFAX One-Owner.Texan Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram is pumped up to offer this terrific-looking 2023 Dodge Challenger R/T.In addition to transparent, no ha...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT4PH507698
    Stock: P8950A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-30-2025

    • 41,583 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl manual
    • Oviedo Chevrolet GMC (53 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in La Grange, TX / 53 miles away from Austin, TX

    Clean CARFAX.Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ9MH577881
    Stock: G1141B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-28-2024

    • 12,673 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Trucks in Texas (66 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 66 miles away from Austin, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ8MH674019
    Stock: 674019C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • $40,990
    good price
    $2,199 below market
    • 22,783 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 812 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ8MH672481
    Stock: 2003783871
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-05-2025

  • New Listing
    • 12,715 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana - San Antonio (74 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 74 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT8PH606024
    Stock: 2003855947
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-29-2025

    • 24,785 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Norm Reeves Subaru Superstore Rockwall (199 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Rockwall, TX / 199 miles away from Austin, TX

    The 2021 Dodge Challenger GT AWD is an impressive vehicle that combines power, style, and advanced technology. This muscle car is equipped with a robu...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZKG7MH587416
    Stock: 162892
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-24-2025

  • New Listing
    • 5,958 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Houston (130 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 130 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ8PH634222
    Stock: 2003809447
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-29-2025

  • New Listing
    • 6,736 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Hiley Hyundai Burleson (161 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Burleson, TX / 161 miles away from Austin, TX

    New Price! Granite Crystal Metallic Clearcoat 2023 Dodge Challenger GT RWD 8-Speed Automatic 3.6L V6 24V VVT LOW LOW MILES, 276 Watt Amplifier, 6 Spea...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG4PH614531
    Stock: Y0064
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • Price Drop
    $42,590
    fair price
    $198 above market
    • 9,472 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 1,255 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ3MH637895
    Stock: 2003794057
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

    • 114 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Kramer Chevy GMC (165 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Livingston, TX / 165 miles away from Austin, TX

    Vehicle DetailsDiscover the unparalleled power and iconic design of the 2023 Dodge Challenger SRT Hellcat Redeye Widebody. With only 114 miles...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZL97PH100557
    Stock: P100557B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

    • 42,359 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • AutoNation Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram Spring (134 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Spring, TX / 134 miles away from Austin, TX

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: all new tires! Blacktop PackageDriver Convenience GroupUconnect 4C Nav W/8.4" Displa...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG4KH587632
    Stock: KH587632
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-14-2025

  • New Listing
    $52,590
    fair price
    $1,340 above market
    • 10,186 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 965 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ2MH594098
    Stock: 2003829025
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • New Listing
    $42,998
    fair price
    $1,231 below market
    • 14,510 miles
    • 8cyl manual
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Gaithersburg, MD / 1,312 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ4MH635444
    Stock: 27241687
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $27,998
    fair price
    $1,178 above market
    • 17,020 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from KY to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Louisville, KY / 883 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZGG9MH556337
    Stock: 27327114
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $28,990
    fair price
    $1,487 above market
    • 56,195 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Kansas City, MO / 638 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT1MH641886
    Stock: 2003774885
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

Showing 190 - 210 out of 1,474 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Dodge Challenger

Read recent reviews for the Dodge Challenger
Overall Consumer Rating
4.5 out of 5 stars32 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 32 reviews
  • 5 star
    (81%)
  • 4 star
    (6%)
  • 3 star
    (3%)
  • 2 star
    (3%)
  • 1 star
    (6%)
4 out of 5 stars

Brawny muscle with road presence

MangoMaggie, 08/25/2021
2021 Dodge Challenger R/T Scat Pack Widebody 2dr Coupe (6.4L 8cyl 6M)
Wow, this car is a handful. I have the Scatpack Widebody in Go Mango, and it gets SOME LOOKS! It's big, it's bold, it's powerful. How does it drive? The adaptive suspension is great, although the Track Mode doesn't get as stiff as I would like. The big 305 tires will grip for days, despite the car's 4,250lbs, so it handles nicely. The adjustable steering is perfect because I don't … like the stiff, hard feel in Track Mode, so I can dial it back to Street or Sport mode anytime. The steering does give pretty good feedback and feel compared to my 2016 Challenger. The engine is powerful and throaty--it has torque for days and you can enjoy cruising with very little throttle input. The large seats are comfortable and supportive (although they are a little high), and the back seat can actually fit 3 people. Mine has the adaptive cruise, rain-sensing wipers, and upgraded Alpine audio, which isn't as good as the Harman Kardon system, but definitely an improvement over the base 6 speaker setup. My only two complaints: 1. The automatic transmission (ZF 8 speed). It takes WAY too long to engaged between Park and Drive or between Reverse and Drive. Dealer and Mopar say this is "normal, expected behavior." 2. The standard Pirelli PZero All Season tires are NOT all-season. They cannot handle even a moderate amount of rain without making the car feel like it's hydroplaning. Dealer again says there is nothing they can do to help me out. It's a car I look forward to getting into and can't help but look back at. Seeing the bright orange and Shaker scoop coming down the road is really something to see. Get one of these if you are able.
Report abuse

Used 2021 Dodge Challenger in Austin, TX Values

Estimated values
2021 Dodge Challenger GT 2dr Coupe (3.6L 6cyl 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$22,440$24,657$26,899
Clean$22,021$24,141$26,278
Average$21,323$23,282$25,242
Rough$20,416$22,166$23,895

The average list price of a used 2021 Dodge Challenger in Austin, Texas is $40,650. The average mileage on a used Dodge Challenger 2021 for sale in Austin, Texas is 27,047. Based on the average mileage of 27,047 for used 2021 Dodge Challenger for sale in Austin, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Dodge Challenger 2021 in Austin, Texas to be $21,323.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.