Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
952 listings
    • 137,010 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Jaguar Orlando (89 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 89 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    Clean. w/Technology/Entertainment Pkg trim. EPA 26 MPG Hwy/18 MPG City! Heated Leather Seats, DVD Entertainment System, Sunroof, Navigation, 3rd Row S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H72HB037031
    Stock: TB037301
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • New Listing
    $17,998
    good price
    $929 below market
    • 102,736 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to FL*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Palmdale, CA / 2,161 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H5XHB006232
    Stock: 27453087
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $15,200
    fair price
    $385 below market
    • 98,690 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • ABA Motors (181 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Miami, FL / 181 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    The 2013 Acura MDX Sport Utility is a stylish and reliable vehicle with a clean title, making it an excellent choice for prospective buyers. With only...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2HNYD2H65DH523053
    Stock: 523053
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-28-2023

  • Selling or trading in?

    Know what your car is worth while you shop for your next vehicle.

    See my car’s value
  • $28,420
    fair price
    $46 below market
    • 30,766 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Tampa Bay (37 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 37 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: new battery! MoonroofLeather Seats3rd Row SeatLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRea...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5J8YD4H33KL024809
    Stock: KL024809
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-12-2025

  • New Listing
    $22,998
    good price
    $2,214 below market
    • 79,599 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Boynton Beach (157 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Boynton Beach, FL / 157 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5J8YD3H5XKL008120
    Stock: 27292391
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $15,843
    good price
    $1,384 below market
    • 148,315 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Hodges Mazda of St. Augustine (174 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in St Augustine, FL / 174 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H86HB008396
    Stock: SPS1201270A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-05-2025

  • $16,995
    fair price
    $506 below market
    • 118,788 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Prime Line Auto Sales (76 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Davenport, FL / 76 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H58HB002812
    Stock: N002812
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-04-2025

  • $26,991
    fair price
    $664 below market
    • 70,634 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Plantation Ford (165 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Plantation, FL / 165 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    Thank you for your interest in one of Plantation Ford's online offerings. Please continue for more information regarding this 2019 Acura MDX SH-AWD w/...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5J8YD4H0XKL010332
    Stock: SB99611A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

    • 101,657 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to FL*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 979 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H38HB003585
    Stock: 27352980
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $21,581
    fair price
    $502 above market
    • 77,059 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Tim Traycik Motors (70 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Myers, FL / 70 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    Don't pay thousands of dollars in dealer fees. Come and see how we will save you money!**NAVIGATION** **LEATHER** **BLIND SPOT INFORMATION SYSTEM** **...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H58HB011431
    Stock: P011431
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-12-2025

  • $16,595
    fair price
    $107 above market
    • 121,877 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Exchange of Central Florida (84 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Kissimmee, FL / 84 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H37HB003657
    Stock: 003657
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 105,215 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fontana, CA / 2,121 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    Rare Find,3rd Row Seat,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Leather Seats,Navigation System,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / Moonroof,3rd Row S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2HNYD2H31DH519524
    Stock: DH519524A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $23,995
    fair price
    $612 above market
    • 65,062 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Cars Of Tampa (40 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 40 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    *** 2017 Acura MDX Technology Package *** CARFAX CERTIFIED *** Very clean interior. Good carpet. Fully loaded interior. A/C is ice cold! Drives strong...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H55HB004281
    Stock: 8240
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2023

  • $30,695
    fair price
    $794 above market
    • 45,905 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 6 Seats, 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Tampa Bay (37 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 37 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    MoonroofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRear SpoilerCooled Front Seat(S)Ebony; Perf Milano Leather W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5J8YD4H83KL011957
    Stock: KL011957
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-02-2025

  • New Listing
    • 106,905 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to FL*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Garland, TX / 929 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H34HB003311
    Stock: 26754122
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $20,998
    fair price
    $247 above market
    • 99,757 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to FL*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 619 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H83HB019906
    Stock: 27573948
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 100,670 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 934 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H57HB027528
    Stock: 2003260858
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-06-2024

  • $21,590
    fair price
    $872 above market
    • 92,599 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 543 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H55HB022408
    Stock: 2003707945
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

    • 97,421 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TN to FL*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Nashville, TN / 649 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H83HB042022
    Stock: 27066932
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 93,394 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6 Seats, 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Johnston, IA / 1,172 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,3rd Row Seat,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Cooled Seats,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Key...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H87HB013655
    Stock: HB013655A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $23,998
    fair price
    $27 below market
    • 45,152 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to FL*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in San Diego, CA / 2,100 miles away from Bradenton, FL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H55HB011211
    Stock: 27235169
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 169 - 189 out of 952 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Acura MDX

Read recent reviews for the Acura MDX
Overall Consumer Rating
3.6 out of 5 stars65 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 65 reviews
  • 5 star
    (35%)
  • 4 star
    (26%)
  • 3 star
    (15%)
  • 2 star
    (14%)
  • 1 star
    (9%)
1 out of 5 stars

Bad Transmission

Diane, 05/17/2016
2015 Acura MDX Technology Package 4dr SUV (3.5L 6cyl 6A)
I bought a used 2015 Acura MDX. You can feel the transmission changing with every gear. At slow speeds the car feels like it is missing. Took to dealer and software was updated but still same problem. Returned to dealer and was told it had an adaptable transmission and to drive it until it got used to the way I drove. I have driven it about 2,000 miles and still the same problem. … Very disappointed as I thought Acura was a great car. Has anyone else had this problem?
Report abuse

Used 2017 Acura MDX in Bradenton, FL Values

Estimated values
2017 Acura MDX SH-AWD 4dr SUV AWD w/Technology and Entertainment Packages (3.5L 6cyl 9A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$14,374$17,514$19,916
Clean$13,972$17,001$19,307
Average$13,302$16,146$18,292
Rough$12,430$15,035$16,972

The average list price of a used 2017 Acura MDX in Bradenton, Florida is $20,743. The average mileage on a used Acura MDX 2017 for sale in Bradenton, Florida is 92,343. Based on the average mileage of 92,343 for used 2017 Acura MDX for sale in Bradenton, FL and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Acura MDX 2017 in Bradenton, Florida to be $13,302.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.