Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
2,382 listings
    • 15,115 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl manual
    • Vandergriff Acura (286 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Arlington, TX / 286 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    2021 Dodge Challenger R/T Scat Pack Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner. Leather seats, Alloy Wheels, ** ONE OWNER **, ** CLEAN CAR FAX **, ** BACK UP CAME...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ9MH617781
    Stock: MH617781
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-06-2025

    • 14,513 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Planet Lincoln Dallas Love Field (299 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 299 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    Collision Warning Alert System, Active Parking Assist, 360° Camera, Blind-Spot Monitors, Lane Keeping Assist, Navigation, Touchscreen Controls, Heads-...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (13 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZL94MH538397
    Stock: DP0255
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • New Listing
    • 89,098 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax Amarillo (108 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Amarillo, TX / 108 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG5KH557653
    Stock: 26485862
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 47,559 miles
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax North Houston (456 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 456 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG2MH507120
    Stock: 27560411
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $22,995
    good price
    $2,866 below market
    • 123,112 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Booth Motors (485 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Longmont, CO / 485 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZFJ4KH691462
    Stock: 16834
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 69,916 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Mac Haik Ford Lincoln Georgetown (324 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Georgetown, TX / 324 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    LOCAL TRADE, NON SMOKER, SERVICED HERE, OIL CHANGE, DETAILED, Challenger SE, 2D Coupe, 3.6L V6 24V VVT, 8-Speed Automatic, RWD, Granite Crystal Metall...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG5KH560715
    Stock: IMEL11726B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-30-2025

  • New Listing
    • 46,453 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • CarMax San Antonio (344 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 344 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT4MH624189
    Stock: 27671236
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 101,912 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Briggs Supercenter Manhattan (483 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Manhattan, KS / 483 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    This 2019 Dodge Challenger R/T, comes in Granite Pearlcoat exterior with Black interior. 71,080 miles. Stock Number KH752221 Important Package Inform...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT4KH752221
    Stock: KH752221
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

    • 74,209 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • DFW Car Mart (287 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Arlington, TX / 287 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    Buy here pay here financing on 2020 Dodge Challenger. Dallas BHPH. Fort Worth BHPH. NO CASH BUYERS PLEASE. Bad credit auto financing for customers wit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAGXLH206271
    Stock: 206271
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-21-2024

    • 84,422 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Oklahoma City (283 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 283 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG8KH723499
    Stock: 2003976452
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-26-2025

    • 52,933 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Unlimited Auto Sales (452 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Denver, CO / 452 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    Step into the thrilling realm of muscle cars with this 2019 Dodge Challenger R/T, a perfect blend of classic styling and modern performance. Coated in...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT4KH583365
    Stock: 583365
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-18-2024

    • 39,481 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Oklahoma City (283 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 283 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG5KH705641
    Stock: 2003922890
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-08-2025

  • New Listing
    • 88,938 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Houston (457 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 457 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG6KH686887
    Stock: 2004009066
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-26-2025

    • 59,288 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Elder Mitsubishi (322 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Cedar Park, TX / 322 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    Available at the Cedar Park Location.Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!F8 Green 2022 Dodge Challenger GTThis vehicle comes equipped with the follow...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG7NH252028
    Stock: NH252028T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-07-2025

    • 97,614 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax South Broadway (449 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Littleton, CO / 449 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZGG8KH739922
    Stock: 27490607
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 95,391 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Houston Auto Credit (462 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 462 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZAG1KH509146
    Stock: 509146
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 34,836 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Dallas (303 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 303 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT8KH677779
    Stock: 2003867779
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-09-2025

    • 73,803 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Nexcar (452 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Spring, TX / 452 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    LET'S DEAL *HASSLE FREE PRICING **YOU MUST ASK FOR THE INTERNET SALES DEPARTMENT TO GET THIS PRICING WHICH IS THE CASH PRICE OR TO MAKE AN OFF...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG1MH594251
    Stock: MH594251
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

    • 37,786 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Autos of Dallas - Irving (292 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Irving, TX / 292 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    White Knuckle Clearcoat 2022 Dodge Challenger GT CAM,PARK ASST,20" WHLS,SPOILER RWD 8-Speed Automatic 3.6L V6 24V VVT Challenger GT CAM,PARK ASST,20" ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (19 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZJG4NH155353
    Stock: 155353
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-08-2025

    • 50,964 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Auto Web Expo (301 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 301 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    Sunroof/Moonroof, Technology Package, 18 Speakers Premium Audio System, 2.62 Rear Axle Ratio, Active Cruise Control, All Seats w/Leather Trim, Auto Hi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (13 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZC91KH617605
    Stock: P617605
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

    • 51,145 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Ingram Park Pre-Owned Outlet (346 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 346 miles away from Lubbock, TX

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. Pitch Black Clearcoat 2021 Dodge Challenger R/T RWD 8-Speed Automatic 16/25 City/Highway MPG 2021 Dodge Challenger R/T...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2C3CDZBT4MH623818
    Stock: P623818S
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-13-2025

Showing 127 - 147 out of 2,382 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Dodge Challenger

Read recent reviews for the Dodge Challenger
Overall Consumer Rating
4.7 out of 5 stars35 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 35 reviews
  • 5 star
    (86%)
  • 4 star
    (6%)
  • 3 star
    (3%)
  • 2 star
    (3%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
5 out of 5 stars

Its better than they say it is

Drew Burt, 01/28/2020
2020 Dodge Challenger R/T Scat Pack 2dr Coupe (6.4L 8cyl 6M)
Bought my new R/T Scat pack last week and I am very pleased. I have read reviews saying that this car is bulky and poor handling but I strongly disagree with this and contend that the problem lies in the lack of a driver with extensive experience driving these types of cars. It feels just as light and maneuverable as a heavily modified 1968 Barracuda (10 grand in the suspension alone) I … own that weighs almost an entire Mazda Miata less than the Challenger. If you know how to drive, you will have the ability to get the most out of this car, which is what will actually make the difference between being faster or slower than your neighbor with a Mustang or a Camaro. Power is amazing. In 1st, 2nd, and 3rd gear the engine redlines as though it were free revving in neutral, you better pay attention because the shift points are going to come very quickly. Traction control is obviously working very well at this point because normally with this kind of power being applied a car will fishtail all around making it necessary to see saw the steering wheel to stay on the road. 4th isn't much slower winding out and is good for an easy 120. 5th gear was as high as I went on my little acceleration trial and I backed off at 132mph with still another 1500 rpm to go until redline. Again, this all seemed very easy for the car to do, and whats more the car felt rock solid at 132mph and felt as though it could easily go much faster and stay firmly planted on a country road, bumps, dips, and all. My Barracuda requires a smooth race track to go 132mph. The Challenger is heavy for a reason. A lighter car would become airborne on these rural roads I drive on. And I love how solid it is. Going over railroad tracks really tells me how solidly this car is built. Everything is screwed together very tightly. I know I will own and enjoy this car for many years.
Report abuse

Used 2021 Dodge Challenger in Lubbock, TX Values

Estimated values
2021 Dodge Challenger R/T Scat Pack 2dr Coupe (6.4L 8cyl 6M) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$28,243$30,313$32,407
Clean$27,716$29,680$31,658
Average$26,837$28,624$30,410
Rough$25,695$27,251$28,787

The average list price of a used 2021 Dodge Challenger in Lubbock, Texas is $27,680. The average mileage on a used Dodge Challenger 2021 for sale in Lubbock, Texas is 64,214. Based on the average mileage of 64,214 for used 2021 Dodge Challenger for sale in Lubbock, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Dodge Challenger 2021 in Lubbock, Texas to be $26,837.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.