Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
3,243 listings
  • New Listing
    $10,995
    good price
    $1,987 below market
    • 90,072 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Sternberg Chevrolet (386 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Louisville, KY / 386 miles away from Madison, WI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD1KE052874
    Stock: C10408A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

  • $10,000
    good price
    $1,606 below market
    • 96,566 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (317 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Troy, MI / 317 miles away from Madison, WI

    Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Lane Keeping Assist,4 Cylinder Engine,4-Wheel Disc Brakes,A/C,ABS,Adjustable Steering Wheel,Alumin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD8KE036168
    Stock: KE036168P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $9,495
    great price
    $2,803 below market
    • 71,106 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 31 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • 724 Auto Sales (485 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in New Castle, PA / 485 miles away from Madison, WI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (31 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD8KE052824
    Stock: ASC52824
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $12,307
    good price
    $1,513 below market
    • 79,045 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Kia of Columbia (321 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Columbia, MO / 321 miles away from Madison, WI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD2KE058327
    Stock: KE058327
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • $13,982
    fair price
    $615 below market
    • 48,522 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Hastings Chrysler Center (207 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Hastings, MN / 207 miles away from Madison, WI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD5KE077146
    Stock: A100525
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-15-2025

  • $14,994
    fair price
    $339 above market
    • 51,913 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Mark Wahlberg Chevrolet of Avon (391 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Avon, OH / 391 miles away from Madison, WI

    2019 Aurora Black Pearl Forte LXS FWD Odometer is 19994 miles below market average! CVT 2.0L I4 DOHC Dual CVVT 30/40 City/Highway MPG

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD8KE135668
    Stock: PAA135668
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2025

  • New Listing
    $13,494
    fair price
    $226 below market
    • 57,433 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Automotive Connection (360 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Fairfield, OH / 360 miles away from Madison, WI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD4KE134081
    Stock: 134081
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-23-2024

  • New Listing
    • 54,487 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Chicago (83 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 83 miles away from Madison, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD1KE072137
    Stock: 2003805529
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • $13,045
    fair price
    $238 below market
    • 57,943 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Boutique Ohio (390 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 390 miles away from Madison, WI

    *Disclaimer*PRICE LISTED DOES NOT INCLUDE TAX (TAX RATE VARIES DEPENDING ON STATE, CITY, & COUNTY), TITLE ($20), TEMP TAG ($20.50) MEMO-TITLE FOR REGI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD9KE007102
    Stock: Y2073T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • $16,590
    fair price
    $830 above market
    • 61,066 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Columbus (392 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 392 miles away from Madison, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF34AD2KE050449
    Stock: 2003841120
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2025

    • 40,502 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Chicago (83 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 83 miles away from Madison, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF54AD4KE032786
    Stock: 2003818954
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

    • 50,167 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Kansas City (383 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Kansas City, MO / 383 miles away from Madison, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD4KE027581
    Stock: 2003827160
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • Price Drop
    $8,448
    fair price
    $466 below market
    • 138,261 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • My Volkswagen of North Grand Rapids (191 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Grand Rapids, MI / 191 miles away from Madison, WI

    My Auto Grand Rapids is your #1 choice in Michigan to get the BEST PRICE on used vehicles and BEST value for your trade. The My Auto Grand Rapids team...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD1KE023245
    Stock: V250074B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $12,300
    fair price
    $163 below market
    • 78,463 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Zeigler Buick GMC of Lincolnwood (112 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Lincolnwood, IL / 112 miles away from Madison, WI

    2019 Kia Forte LXS Clear White BACKUP CAMERA*, BLUETOOTH w/MUSIC STREAMING*, BLIND SPOT MONITOR*, PRE-COLLSION WARNING SYSTEM*, LANE DEPARTURE WARNING...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD1KE026825
    Stock: PA8104A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-28-2025

  • Price Drop
    $10,749
    fair price
    $134 below market
    • 109,201 miles
    • 4 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Ken Ganley Kia Mentor (423 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Mentor, OH / 423 miles away from Madison, WI

    Experience the Road with Confidence: 2019 Kia Forte LXS – Where Style Meets Performance in Every MileStep into the world of the 2019 Kia Forte LXS, a ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD8KE077240
    Stock: 9797T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-20-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $15,560
    fair price
    $903 above market
    • 46,909 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Joe Machens Hyundai (320 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Columbia, MO / 320 miles away from Madison, WI

    CALL 573-474-7400 TODAY.2019 Kia Forte LXSDeep Sea BlueClean CARFAX.At Joe Machens Hyundai, we want to offer you the Best Car Buying Experience ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24ADXKE125207
    Stock: KE125207
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-01-2025

  • $15,000
    fair price
    $162 above market
    • 62,918 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • South County Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (317 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Saint Louis, MO / 317 miles away from Madison, WI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF34AD1KE013280
    Stock: S0851BB
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-18-2025

  • Price Drop
    $14,347
    fair price
    $573 above market
    • 50,015 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Jeff Wyler Fairfield Kia (360 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Fairfield, OH / 360 miles away from Madison, WI

    KBB.com 10 Best Sedans Under $30,000. Only 50,008 Miles! Boasts 40 Highway MPG and 30 City MPG! This Kia Forte boasts a Regular Unleaded I-4 2.0 L/122...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD4KE120651
    Stock: 4132687A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-25-2025

  • $16,998
    fair price
    $1,044 above market
    • 48,324 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Independence (379 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Independence, MO / 379 miles away from Madison, WI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF34AD0KE013173
    Stock: 27255820
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $16,990
    fair price
    $1,117 above market
    • 52,496 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Columbus (392 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 392 miles away from Madison, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF34AD2KE026457
    Stock: 2003871323
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-18-2025

  • $13,895
    fair price
    $716 above market
    • 80,262 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 30 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Gallatin DriveTime (491 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Madison, TN / 491 miles away from Madison, WI

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    34 Combined MPG (30 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3KPF24AD5KE130640
    Stock: 1330075744
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 3,243 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Kia Forte

Read recent reviews for the Kia Forte
Overall Consumer Rating
4.3 out of 5 stars32 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 32 reviews
  • 5 star
    (66%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (9%)
4 out of 5 stars

forte drive

aldinero, 10/31/2018
2019 Kia Forte S 4dr Sedan (2.0L 4cyl CVT)
Great looking very comfortable car .Lots of fun to drive although not a great pickup.Ride and handling are very good and steering is first rate.Feels more like a mid size than a compact car.Lot of room inside both front and rear, controls are easy and very thought out.The only set back is that Kia removed the auto folding side view mirrors that were standard on all Kia cars.Overall very … good value compared to other competitive cars.
Report abuse

Used 2019 Kia Forte in Madison, WI Values

Estimated values
2019 Kia Forte LXS 4dr Sedan (2.0L 4cyl CVT) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$9,614$12,337$14,762
Clean$9,249$11,862$14,185
Average$8,641$11,070$13,224
Rough$7,850$10,040$11,975

The average list price of a used 2019 Kia Forte in Madison, Wisconsin is $13,827. The average mileage on a used Kia Forte 2019 for sale in Madison, Wisconsin is 67,889. Based on the average mileage of 67,889 for used 2019 Kia Forte for sale in Madison, WI and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Kia Forte 2019 in Madison, Wisconsin to be $8,641.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.