Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
2,037 listings
  • Price Drop
    $24,495
    great price
    $3,611 below market
    • 93,822 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 2.8l, 4cyl
    • Dream Work Automotive (217 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 217 miles away from Charleston, WV

    4WD, 3.42 Rear Axle Ratio, 4-Way Power Front Passenger Seat Adjuster, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, 5" Rectangular Chrome Assist Steps, 7 Speakers, ABS brakes,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTP6EE15J1122196
    Stock: J1122196
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

  • $21,995
    good price
    $3,285 below market
    • 47,734 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Pinkerton Chevrolet (113 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Upgraded Engine
    Close

    Located in Salem, VA / 113 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Local Trade, V6 Engine, Crew Cab, Bed Cover

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG5BEN2J1199340
    Stock: S4541A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2025

  • $26,895
    good price
    $1,880 below market
    • 63,430 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Atlantic Chevrolet (475 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Bay Shore, NY / 475 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Subject to the primary lender's approval. All prices exclude tax, title, dealer fee of $695, tags, license & DMV. Vehicles are sold cosmetically as is...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6EEN3J1315403
    Stock: 53722T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • New Listing
    $21,000
    great price
    $2,080 below market
    • 85,411 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Koons Clarksville Chevy GMC (259 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Clarksville, MD / 259 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Bluetooth, 4WD, Manual Rear-Sliding Window, Preferred Equipment Group 4LE, Remote Vehicle Starter System, Single-Zone Auto Climate Control Air Conditi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTH6CEN9J1121712
    Stock: KCC250308C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-28-2025

  • $25,555
    fair price
    $925 below market
    • 53,287 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Cole Valley Cadillac (207 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Warren, OH / 207 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Bluetooth® / Handsfree Calling, Rear view Backup Camera, Heated Seats, Remote Start, Newly Detailed, Non Smoker, * Clean Vehicle History Report, And M...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6CEN4J1147517
    Stock: 135266
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

  • $25,982
    fair price
    $447 below market
    • 35,966 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Suntrup Buick GMC (484 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Saint Peters, MO / 484 miles away from Charleston, WV

    This 2018 GMC Crew Cab Canyon SLE is a reliable and efficient motorcar, perfect for any driver. With a low mileage of 35,966 miles and a 3.6 liter 6 c...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG5CEN5J1224995
    Stock: P6732
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-20-2025

  • $24,999
    good price
    $2,046 below market
    • 53,665 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Superior Motor Company (293 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Bel Air, MD / 293 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Thank you to all of our new and returning customers for continuing to choose Anyonerides.com for all of your vehicle needs! To check vehicle availabil...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6DEN1J1303101
    Stock: 17737A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • $20,299
    fair price
    $449 below market
    • 137,287 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Randy Wise Auto Depot (344 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Flushing, MI / 344 miles away from Charleston, WV

    NO ACCIDENTS!! SUPER SHARP 2018 GMC Canyon SLT, 4Dr Crew Cab, V6, 8-Speed Automatic, 4WD, Summit White, Cocoa/Dune Leather, Automatic temperature cont...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6DEN8J1215050
    Stock: A7302E
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-18-2025

  • Price Drop
    $24,794
    fair price
    $963 above market
    • 109,632 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Autova (150 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Madison Heights, VA / 150 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Discover the 2018 GMC Canyon Denali: A Perfect Blend of Power, Precision, and Luxury for the Adventurous DriverStep into the world of refined power...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6EEN9J1127663
    Stock: 15963
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • Photos not available
    $24,990
    good price
    $2,205 below market
    • 102,024 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 2.8l, 4cyl
    • Bleecker Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (270 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Dunn, NC / 270 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Heated/Cooled Leather Seats, Navigation, Premium Sound System, Running Boards, Back-Up Camera, Turbo Charged, Aluminum Wheels, 4x4, ENGINE, 2.8L DURAM...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTP6EE15J1119590
    Stock: 25088B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

  • New Listing
    $31,788
    fair price
    $624 below market
    • 34,009 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Shelor Motor Mile (109 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Christiansburg, VA / 109 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Call 1-866-743-5671 for More Information. Auction Cars on the Motor Mile provides another vehicle segment to our already considerable selection. These...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6EEN7J1211402
    Stock: X69146
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-18-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,907
    fair price
    $267 above market
    • 54,645 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 2.5l, 4cyl
    • Jeff Wyler Honda in Florence (169 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Florence, KY / 169 miles away from Charleston, WV

    PASSED OUR SAFETY INSPECTION, SERVICE RECORDS AVAILABLE, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, 4.10 Rear Axle Ratio, 6 Speakers, ABS brakes, Air Conditioning, Alloy wh...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG5BEA5J1287053
    Stock: 22T9497A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-05-2025

  • $26,590
    fair price
    $1,039 above market
    • 48,948 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Carvana - Cleveland (217 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 217 miles away from Charleston, WV

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG5CEN5J1286283
    Stock: 2003878640
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

  • $24,990
    fair price
    $46 below market
    • 82,537 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Carvana - Columbus (134 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 134 miles away from Charleston, WV

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6CEN2J1111423
    Stock: 2003920347
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-25-2025

  • Price Drop
    $23,324
    fair price
    $794 above market
    • 95,173 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Auffenberg Mazda (449 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Shiloh, IL / 449 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Clean CARFAX. 2018 GMC Canyon SLT V6 8-Speed Automatic 4WD 4D Crew Cab Red Quartz Tintcoat Canyon SLT, 4WD, Red Quartz Tintcoat, 3.42 Rear Axle Ratio,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6DENXJ1112874
    Stock: 11016MBBM
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • New Listing
    $27,990
    fair price
    $821 above market
    • 50,564 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Carvana - Cleveland (217 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 217 miles away from Charleston, WV

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6CEN1J1112630
    Stock: 2003929411
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-29-2025

  • $24,500
    fair price
    $662 above market
    • 78,820 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Suski Chevrolet (357 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Birch Run, MI / 357 miles away from Charleston, WV

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6CEN1J1161360
    Stock: 350703A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • $28,990
    fair price
    $265 above market
    • 40,430 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Shirlie Slack Mitsubishi (224 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 224 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Nav System, Heated Leather Seats, Back-Up Camera, 4x4, Aluminum Wheels, Hitch, Onboard Communications System, AUDIO SYSTEM, 8 DIAGONAL COLOR TOUCH SCR...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6DEN7J1328312
    Stock: 85037H
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-17-2025

  • $28,995
    fair price
    $545 above market
    • 65,416 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • Hyman Bros Kia (226 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Midlothian, VA / 226 miles away from Charleston, WV

    NAV, Heated/Cooled Leather Seats, Premium Sound System, Running Boards, Back-Up Camera, Onboard Communications System, 4x4, Bed Liner, TRANSMISSION, 8...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6EEN1J1115751
    Stock: K681781
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-23-2025

  • New Listing
    $29,998
    fair price
    $894 below market
    • 47,204 miles
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • CarMax Turnersville (368 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Sicklersville, NJ / 368 miles away from Charleston, WV

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6EEN8J1186414
    Stock: 26684629
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $31,490
    fair price
    $707 below market
    • 32,353 miles
    • 5'2” bed, 3.6l, 6cyl
    • L B Smith Ford Lincoln (284 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Lemoyne, PA / 284 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! Onyx Black 2018 GMC Canyon Denali 4WD 8-Speed Automatic V6 4WD, 3.42 Rear Axle Ratio, 4-Way Power Front Passenge...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GTG6EEN0J1260893
    Stock: T5133A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-31-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 2,037 listings

Consumer Reviews for the GMC Canyon

Read recent reviews for the GMC Canyon
Overall Consumer Rating
3.8 out of 5 stars26 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 26 reviews
  • 5 star
    (42%)
  • 4 star
    (27%)
  • 3 star
    (8%)
  • 2 star
    (12%)
  • 1 star
    (12%)
1 out of 5 stars

Ridge line here we come

Mike, 08/30/2018
2018 GMC Canyon SLE 4dr Crew Cab LB (3.6L 6cyl 8A)
No major issues since last review (oil leak, coolant leak and transmission failure prior to 55000mi). SiriusXM antenna has failed. Remains a nice sized truck which meets our needs but not very durable. Has soured me on GM products.
Report abuse

Used 2018 GMC Canyon in Charleston, WV Values

Estimated values
2018 GMC Canyon Denali 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (2.8L 4cyl Turbodiesel 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$22,913$25,935$28,441
Clean$22,357$25,275$27,683
Average$21,430$24,175$26,420
Rough$20,226$22,744$24,779

The average list price of a used 2018 GMC Canyon in Charleston, West Virginia is $25,836. The average mileage on a used GMC Canyon 2018 for sale in Charleston, West Virginia is 67,255. Based on the average mileage of 67,255 for used 2018 GMC Canyon for sale in Charleston, WV and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used GMC Canyon 2018 in Charleston, West Virginia to be $21,430.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Truck Details

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.