Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
377 listings
  • $7,995
    good price
    $2,086 below market
    • 110,748 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Japanese Auto Sales (102 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Portland, OR / 102 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCBB9HT534762
    Stock: 3118-A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-16-2025

  • $8,599
    good price
    $1,895 below market
    • 130,794 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Tri City Car Sales (245 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Kennewick, WA / 245 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCEG0HT501544
    Stock: 501544
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

  • $9,950
    good price
    $2,431 below market
    • 102,900 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Freedom Auto Sales (377 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Spokane, WA / 377 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Introducing the 2019 Dodge Journey SE, the ultimate family SUV that's ready to take on any adventure. This stunning vehicle comes equipped with a powe...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCBG9KT731580
    Stock: 20626
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $11,995
    good price
    $1,863 below market
    • 94,358 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Pouya Auto (82 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Lafayette, OR / 82 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDEG4KT751723
    Stock: 751723
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-03-2025

  • $13,999
    good price
    $2,265 below market
    • 91,388 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Bill Harris Used Cars (218 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Selah, WA / 218 miles away from Eugene, OR

    2019 DODGE JOURNEY SE AWD - 3RD ROW SEAT - BACKUP CAMERA - ALLOY WHEELS - TINTED GLASS - POWER OPTIONS - DUAL CLIMATE CONTROL - 3.6L V6 - CD PLAYER WI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDBG8KT838125
    Stock: 48024
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-16-2024

  • $6,900
    good price
    $1,453 below market
    • 128,159 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Preferred Motors (215 mi away)
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Tacoma, WA / 215 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCAB5HT675782
    Stock: 675782
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-19-2025

  • $9,899
    good price
    $1,600 below market
    • 124,351 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Carizma Auto Sales (380 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Roseville, CA / 380 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCGGXKT731449
    Stock: 731449
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $13,995
    good price
    $1,690 below market
    • 72,400 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Valley VIP Auto Sales (373 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Spokane Valley, WA / 373 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Clean Vehicle History

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDEG4KT784558
    Stock: 784558
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-01-2025

  • New Listing
    $9,995
    fair price
    $636 below market
    • 104,669 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Power Ford (62 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Newport, OR / 62 miles away from Eugene, OR

    This 2017 Dodge Journey Crossroad is offered to you for sale by Power Ford Chrysler. This Dodge includes: TRANSMISSION: 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC 62TE A/T 6-S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCGG9HT648569
    Stock: PF48569
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-05-2025

  • $11,999
    good price
    $1,347 below market
    • 100,787 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Atlantic Auto Sale (388 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 388 miles away from Eugene, OR

    ATLANTIC AUTO SALES 1800 FULTON AVE SACRAMENTO.CA 95825 (9**)-4**-1*** http://www.atlanticautoca.com PLEASE CALL BEFORE COMING SO WE CAN SERVE YOU BET...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDEG2KT784882
    Stock: 784882
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-28-2025

  • $10,900
    good price
    $1,738 below market
    • 96,504 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Sacramento Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (385 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 385 miles away from Eugene, OR

    2019 Dodge Journey SE 2.4L I4 DOHC 16V Dual VVT 4-Speed Automatic VLP Granite Crystal Metallic ClearcoatFinancing available on approved credit. Trade-...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCBB1KT872812
    Stock: TS6277
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

  • $7,995
    fair price
    $741 below market
    • 139,637 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Exclusive Motors (388 mi away)
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 388 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Clean Title Dodge Journey SXT. Prior Certified Pre-Owned Vehicle. California Car. Fully Inspected & Serviced by Our State of the Art & Top Rated Servi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCBG5HT572789
    Stock: EM4336
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-14-2025

  • $10,995
    good price
    $2,171 below market
    • 61,499 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Bates Car Company (69 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Salem, OR / 69 miles away from Eugene, OR

    About 2017 Dodge Journey The 2017 Dodge Journey is the most affordable and most powerful three-row mid-size crossover priced less than $30,000, the on...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCAB5HT683431
    Stock: 683431
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-07-2024

  • $8,995
    fair price
    $538 below market
    • 110,015 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • JD Auto PDX (95 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Gladstone, OR / 95 miles away from Eugene, OR

    2015 DODGE JOURNEY CROSSROAD SPORT UTILITY 4DR SUV / CLEAN TITLE AND CLEAN CARFAX / NO ACCIDENTS / AUTOMATIC / FULLY LOADED / PREMIUM PACKAE / COLD WE...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDGG0FT701324
    Stock: 701324
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $10,917
    fair price
    $635 below market
    • 69,758 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Approved Auto of Central Oregon (98 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Redmond, OR / 98 miles away from Eugene, OR

    1-5**-3 63330 Hwy Approved Auto 2017 GreenerCars.org Best Vehicles By Class: Midsize SUVs 1 One-touch Windows, 12V Cargo Area Power Outlet(s), 12V F...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDBG6HT574752
    Stock: 21156
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

  • $14,995
    fair price
    $898 below market
    • 69,990 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Good Cars Good People (62 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Salem, OR / 62 miles away from Eugene, OR

    The 2019 Dodge Journey GT is a midsize SUV that combines spaciousness, versatility, and a range of features, making it an excellent choice for familie...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDEG1KT720154
    Stock: 720154
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-30-2025

  • $14,686
    fair price
    $13 below market
    • 84,068 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Gresham Ford (105 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Gresham, OR / 105 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDEG9KT764676
    Stock: 250416P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-27-2025

  • New Listing
    $8,998
    fair price
    $196 below market
    • 127,876 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Fresno, CA / 530 miles away from Eugene, OR

    High Demand,3rd Row Seat,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Premium Sound,Remote Start,Satellite Ra...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCEG9HT536194
    Stock: HT536194TX
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $10,823
    fair price
    $733 below market
    • 107,629 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Eagle Valley Motors (360 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Reno, NV / 360 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Imagine yourself at the helm of the 2017 Dodge Journey GT Sport Utility 4D, a vehicle that seamlessly fuses everyday practicality with opportunities f...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDDEG2HT596095
    Stock: 15777
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-29-2025

  • $15,795
    fair price
    $150 below market
    • 71,034 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Instant Equity Auto (340 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Boise, ID / 340 miles away from Eugene, OR

    The 2019 Dodge Journey SE 2.4L FWD is a budget-friendly midsize SUV that offers practicality with three-row seating and a simple design. Here s a deta...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCAB8KT797673
    Stock: 797673
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-03-2025

  • Photos not available
    $10,799
    fair price
    $821 below market
    • 77,456 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Del Sol Autosales (268 mi away)
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Everett, WA / 268 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3C4PDCAB6HT550998
    Stock: 28679
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-28-2025

Showing 127 - 147 out of 377 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Dodge Journey

Read recent reviews for the Dodge Journey
Overall Consumer Rating
3.9 out of 5 stars73 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 73 reviews
  • 5 star
    (52%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (11%)
  • 2 star
    (5%)
  • 1 star
    (12%)
5 out of 5 stars

Tired of All the Negative Press!

Nails, 01/09/2019
2018 Dodge Journey SXT 4dr SUV AWD (3.6L 6cyl 6A)
When you look at a vehicle in this class you are looking for okay looks, good inside room and access, decent handling and gas mileage, and perhaps throw in the third seat. This Medium Sized SUV has all of that, and my three previous Journeys had been very reliable and needed minimal maintenance until I turned each in, at around 70K miles. I must add that the first iteration had some … issues with the brakes wearing out prematurely, and not being quite up to the task of stopping this vehicle. The transmission also failed catastrophically at 50K, but was replaced under warranty by Dodge with no questions asked. Since that initial stab at it, Dodge has done major improvements in enlarging the disc brakes and creating a much more dependable transmission! This car is priced right, looks great in the bright red finish, has AWD and I am leaving most other drivers in the dust when I take off from a start or need to speed up at highway speeds (within reason that is!). I usually drive around 25K miles per year, up to 85 miles MPH and this car is stable even in substantial winds, gets a bit over 21 MPG and I am happy with it. No backup camera in my version, which is a company car, but aside from that inconvenience, it has everything that I need. And the Stereo is really something to hear, great bass. All in all, a very nice package and not one that matches the online reviews that I have seen. Let's get realistic and realize that this car is very popular (at least in car happy SoCal!) and is a great deal!
Report abuse

Used 2017 Dodge Journey in Eugene, OR Values

Estimated values
2017 Dodge Journey SXT 4dr SUV (2.4L 4cyl 4A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$5,740$9,219$11,882
Clean$5,483$8,792$11,312
Average$5,056$8,080$10,362
Rough$4,501$7,155$9,127

The average list price of a used 2017 Dodge Journey in Eugene, Oregon is $11,011. The average mileage on a used Dodge Journey 2017 for sale in Eugene, Oregon is 98,858. Based on the average mileage of 98,858 for used 2017 Dodge Journey for sale in Eugene, OR and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Dodge Journey 2017 in Eugene, Oregon to be $5,056.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.