Used 2017 FIAT 124 Spider for Sale in Bowling Green, KY
Describe what you’re looking for
BETA
Skip to FiltersReport abuse
79 listings
- Price Drop
$17,881good price$2,548 below market57,761 miles1 Accident, 2 Owners, Personal use4cyl AutomaticJeff Wyler Eastgate Auto Mall (189 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Navigation
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Upgraded Headlights
Close
Located in Batavia, OH / 189 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
Only 57,761 Miles! Delivers 36 Highway MPG and 25 City MPG! This FIAT 124 Spider delivers a Intercooled Turbo Premium Unleaded I-4 1.4 L/83 engine pow...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK2H0130732
Stock: 11T8718
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 04-23-2024 
$17,000good price$1,085 below market50,711 milesNo accidents, 1 Owner, Corporate fleet vehicle4cyl AutomaticMark McLarty Ford (358 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Blind Spot Monitorin...
Close
Located in North Little Rock, AR / 358 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
THIS VEHICLE COMES BLUE CERTIFIED!!!, 90-Day/4,000 Miles Comprehensive Coverage., *** 1 OWNER CARFAX ***, *** CLEAN CARFAX ***, Leather, Heated Seats,...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK1H0107720
Stock: H0107720
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 04-11-2024- New Listing
$18,998fair price$195 above market20,736 miles4cyl AutomaticCarMax Roswell - Now offering Express Pickup and Home Delivery (232 mi away)- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
- Trip Computer
Close
Located in Roswell, GA / 232 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK7H0127809
Stock: 25075080
Certified Pre-Owned: No 
4,681 milesNo accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only4cyl AutomaticHyman Bros. Automobiles West Broad (490 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Navigation
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
Close
Located in Richmond, VA / 490 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK0H0106025
Stock: H8927
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 02-07-2023- Price Drop
56,340 milesNo accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use only4cyl AutomaticVolvo Cars Of Saint Louis (243 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Navigation
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Upgraded Headlights
Close
Located in Saint Louis, MO / 243 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
Side Impact Beams, ParkView Back-Up Camera, Outboard Front Lap And Shoulder Safety Belts -inc: Pretensioners, Low Tire Pressure Warning, Electronic St...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK9H0116651
Stock: 7485
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 02-15-2024 
70,970 milesNo accidents, 2 Owners, Personal use4cyl ManualHyman Bros Kia (484 mi away)- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
- Trip Computer
Close
Located in Midlothian, VA / 484 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
ONLY 70,944 Miles! EPA 35 MPG Hwy/26 MPG City! Nero Cinema Jet Black exterior and Nero (Black) interior, Classica trim. Keyless Start, Bluetooth�, iPo...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK7H0117183
Stock: K674161
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 10-23-2023- New Listing
38,750 miles4cyl AutomaticCarvana - Atlanta (245 mi away)Home delivery*- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
Close
Located in Atlanta, GA / 245 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK9H0130047
Stock: 2002882445
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-03-2024 
49,799 miles1 Accident, 2 Owners, Personal use only4cyl AutomaticCarMax Bloomington - Now offering Express Pickup (280 mi away)- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
- Trip Computer
Close
Located in Bloomington, IL / 280 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK9H0128329
Stock: 24877929
Certified Pre-Owned: No
$20,995fair price$1,258 above market33,096 milesNo accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle4cyl AutomaticRocket Chevrolet (338 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
Close
Located in Shelby, OH / 338 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK8J0138307
Stock: 5283P
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 03-14-2024- New Listing
$27,590fair price$340 above market4,812 miles4cyl AutomaticCarvana - Cleveland (401 mi away)Home delivery*- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Navigation
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Upgraded Headlights
Close
Located in Cleveland, OH / 401 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK4J0138871
Stock: 2002895435
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 05-01-2024 - New Listing
28,366 milesNo accidents, 3 Owners, Personal use4cyl AutomaticCarMax Greensboro - Now offering Express Pickup and Home Delivery (368 mi away)- Bluetooth
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
- Trip Computer
- Stability Control
Close
Located in Greensboro, NC / 368 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEKXJ0135697
Stock: 25437747
Certified Pre-Owned: No 
$15,900good price$1,345 below market50,391 milesNo accidents, 3 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle4cyl AutomaticNebo Auto Center (250 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
Close
Located in Jonesboro, AR / 250 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK2H0102848
Stock: P2848
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 12-21-2023- Price Drop
$21,500fair price$772 below market26,585 milesNo accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use4cyl ManualCraige Motor Co (420 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Blind Spot Monitorin...
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
Close
Located in Durham, NC / 420 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
TRADE INS ACCEPTED! CALL OR TEXT 9**-8**-0*** to set an appointment to test drive this vehicle*FREE CARFAX AVAILBLE *We offer in-house maintenance ser...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK2H0118936
Stock: WW5075
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 04-04-2024 
$12,300good price$561 below market103,474 milesNo accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only4cyl ManualBMVW Auto Sales (256 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
Close
Located in Union City, GA / 256 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
NO DEALER FEES, NO COMMISSION SALES!!! Clean Carfax, runs and looks great, Interior is clean, passed emission inspection. Store hours M-F 9-6:30 Sat 1...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK7H0111058
Stock: 111058
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-25-2023
$19,900fair price$167 above market9,428 milesNo accidents, 1 Owner, Corporate fleet vehicle4cyl AutomaticCincy Automall (194 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
Close
Located in Fairfield, OH / 194 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
Let Cincy AutoMall show you how easy it is to buy a quality car. Located in Fairfield Ohio, we pride ourselves in fair prices, superior service and tr...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK2H0126843
Stock: C126843
Certified Pre-Owned: No
$17,983good price$2,106 below market50,234 miles3 Accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle4cyl AutomaticEvans Auto Sales (320 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Navigation
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Upgraded Headlights
Close
Located in York, SC / 320 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK0H0118059
Stock: 118059
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 12-07-2023
$18,995fair price$539 below market17,059 miles1 Accident, 2 Owners, Personal use only4cyl AutomaticEllers Automotive LLC (236 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
Close
Located in Olive Branch, MS / 236 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
Visit Ellers Automotive LLC online at www.ellersautomotive.com to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 6**-8**-3*** today to schedule y...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK7H0107091
Stock: 7323
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-18-2023
$17,490fair price$14 below market38,407 milesNo accidents, 1 Owner, Personal use only4cyl AutomaticBaum Chevrolet Buick (261 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
- USB Inputs
Close
Located in Clinton, IL / 261 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
30 Day/500 Mile PowerTrain, Rosso Red exterior and Nero (Black) interior, Classica trim. EPA 36 MPG Hwy/25 MPG City! CARFAX 1-Owner, Clean, LOW MILES ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK8H0106855
Stock: 242340
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 03-24-2024
$20,990fair price$1,027 above market12,205 milesNo accidents, 2 Owners, Corporate fleet vehicle4cyl ManualWindham Motors (417 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Blind Spot Monitorin...
Close
Located in Florence, SC / 417 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK5H0118283
Stock: 10057
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 09-26-2023
$28,995fair price$1,583 above market8,584 milesNo accidents, 4 Owners, Personal use4cyl AutomaticColumbia Chevrolet (193 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Blind Spot Monitorin...
- Tire Pressure Warnin...
Close
Located in Cincinnati, OH / 193 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK8H0116849
Stock: 80721
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 03-17-2024
$16,000good price$751 below market58,748 miles1 Accident, 2 Owners, Personal use only4cyl ManualMandal Buick GMC (472 mi away)- Back-up camera
- Bluetooth
- Leather Seats
- Keyless Entry/Start
- Blind Spot Monitorin...
Close
Located in D'Iberville, MS / 472 miles away from Bowling Green, KY
LOWEST PRICE IN THE MARKET PLUS THE BEST BUYING PROCESS ON THE COAST!!! CONVERTIBLE TOP READY FOR SUMMER!!! BLUETOOTH, USB INPUT AND BACKUP CAMERA!!! ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: JC1NFAEK7H0109276
Stock: D775394B
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 04-14-2024
Consumer Reviews for the FIAT 124 Spider
Read recent reviews for the FIAT 124 Spider
8 Months research and finally bought the ABARTH
Michael Lang, 04/03/2018
2017 FIAT 124 Spider Abarth 2dr Convertible (1.4L 4cyl Turbo 6M)
I had concerns over buying a FIAT. Lets face it, lemons are common but some get real good 500 ABARTHS that work well. The fact that Mazda was building the 124 inspired me to look past this. The car itself is 100 times more beautiful that the Miata version. My sticking points were ABARTHs comming to US had FIAT badge on wheel. As of March 2018 that has changed. Abarths now have proper … abarth badging on the interior for 2018 but you have to look around as there are many older versions on lots. Next sticking point was that Miata's got the Retractable Fastback and FIAT's did not. What is more Italian that the RF top. Looks like the 70's Targa tops. Fiat could have branded it a Targa and they would not have been able to keep them in stock. I know all my friends were hoping for this as well. UGH! So I bought the ARARTH in Black. Wow the color is so deep and rich in the sunlight. Pictures do not do this car justice. Must see in person. My ABARTH is a bit rough in 1st gear for a manual. Been driving manuals all my life. This one I stalled 4 times on way home from dealer. The car wants to go. Low RPMs the car lags a bit and begs you to let it breath. There are two essential tweaks that fix this. One the DV+ diverter valve allows more low end and solves some issues with the cheap plastic diverter valve that comes from the factory which is either open or closed.... No in between. This DV+ also helps prevent turbo flutter which is potentially damaging buy allowing flow the turbo air flow back though the valve as the turbo winds down between shifts. Much healthier.. Second as the high pressure through the lines can bring with it some oil, it is good to add an oil catch can on these cars to reduce the amount of oil that can get back to the throttle and multiair unit which can be damaging over time. These two changes do help the car become more bullet proof. The car shifts great and has power.. Much more than the miata which I drove several times in my search trying to decide whether to drop the Fiat and just get the targa I love and deal with the angular futurist look of the miata rather than classic Italian beauty. I got the loaded version. I suggest just getting it with all options. Bose system is awesome, Navigation is easy. While touch is disabled when the car is moving, it is easy to manage shifting and using the dial to change channels etc. so the Tech in the car is great. Was able to save all my Sirius Channel Favs on way home from dealer lot. ABARTH sounds great in either Sport of Normal. Noted the Sport mode dials up the performance a bit which did feel more responsive. Im about 5 foot 10 inches tall and hover around 200 pounds and I fit comfortably in the car. If someone is over 6 foot they may find it cramped. I love the gauges and Abarth logos on seats and steering. It gives the car uniqueness and people have no clue what the car is when they see it which Scorpion badges all over it. I was asked at a gas station if it was a Ferarri. Lol I wish. Car takes corners like a champ and those Brembo Brakes really work well. I know that squirrel thanks FAIT for its life. Convertible top is same as Miata and is sooo easy to put up or take down. Chrysler and many aftermarket sites are selling a lot of after market upgrades so this car is very good if you want to make it a track car. But.. I only bought the two items i spoke of earlier. Abarth already has limited slip diff, Front and rear anti sway bars, Front and rear strut tower braces, Brembo brakes, and a killer sounding exhaust etc.. so its more performance than most people need. Im getting around 30 MPG average which totally surprised me. In summary, this car is more than I could have hoped for. I would like to see an aftermarket company make a targa top for this car but outside of that. Its my childhood dream of owning that Triumph TR7 or Fiat X 1/9 Bertone Targa car that I could never find married to modern day conveniences. I want to slap myself for even considering buying that Miata. I would have never forgiven myself. :) I am living my childhood dream of owning and driving a EURO roadster even if it is a Miata in Drag.
1.5 Years later: so it’s fall 2019 and I was asked to update my review: in the most true sense, I fully stand behind my Decision. I love Abarths 124Spider. I drive all the time in Sport mode. It handles, drives, turns, and responds like a light weight convertible sports car should. It gets great gas mileage even though I can’t keep my foot out of it.lol It has been very reliable and I still get head turns, shouts out windows etc. of how cool my car is. I also get many pretty young women slowing down to take a second look or flirting. So it’s a confidence boost. Lol No issues mechanically at all. Just oil changes and a tire rotation. I feel my research paid off as nobody is buying them. 20 years for now I may sell one at Mecum for a major profit as a rare car. I bought 2 of them so I will keep 1 till I die for sure.
Used 2017 FIAT 124 Spider in Bowling Green, KY Values
Estimated values
2017 FIAT 124 Spider Abarth 2dr Convertible (1.4L 4cyl Turbo 6A) with no options
| Condition | Trade-In | Private Party | Dealer Retail |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outstanding | $12,853 | $16,301 | $19,162 |
| Clean | $12,452 | $15,766 | $18,502 |
| Average | $11,784 | $14,874 | $17,402 |
| Rough | $10,915 | $13,714 | $15,972 |
The average list price of a used 2017 FIAT 124 Spider in Bowling Green, Kentucky is $19,738. The average mileage on a used FIAT 124 Spider 2017 for sale in Bowling Green, Kentucky is 37,673. Based on the average mileage of 37,673 for used 2017 FIAT 124 Spider for sale in Bowling Green, KY and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used FIAT 124 Spider 2017 in Bowling Green, Kentucky to be $11,784.
* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.