Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
276 listings
  • $27,989
    great price
    $3,323 below market
    • 72,768 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Atlanta Used Cars (186 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Lilburn, GA / 186 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Atlanta Used Car Sales Lilburn Atlanta Used Car Sales 4430 Lawrenceville Hwy Lilburn, GA 30*** 6**-9**-0011 Cognac Leather. Black Sapphire Metallic 20...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F0C59KGM24305
    Stock: M24305
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

    • 82,789 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Atlanta Car Cruiser (189 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Lawrenceville, GA / 189 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7U2C03LBX84819
    Stock: 3079
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $35,590
    fair price
    $1,408 below market
    • 44,318 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 624 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F2C56KB239041
    Stock: 2003643645
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-12-2025

  • $24,389
    fair price
    $498 below market
    • 91,064 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Autonomous Auto Group (169 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Marietta, GA / 169 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    We have multiple satellite locations where inventory is stored... please call us to set an appointment so we can ensure you have the correct location ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7E2C57KB218430
    Stock: KB218430A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

  • $28,988
    fair price
    $477 below market
    • 75,628 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Shottenkirk's Cherokee Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (155 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Canton, GA / 155 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Recent Arrival! 2019 BMW 7 Series 750i 750i Black Sapphire Metallic 4D Sedan 4.4L V8 32V Twin Turbocharged 8-Speed Automatic RWD This vehicle comes we...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F0C53KGM25885
    Stock: U23280
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-24-2025

  • Price Drop
    $30,990
    good price
    $1,533 below market
    • 59,676 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 272 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F0C53KGM25840
    Stock: 2003799927
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

  • $11,995
    fair price
    $447 below market
    • 106,066 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 16 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Jet's Auto Sales (198 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Loganville, GA / 198 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAYB6C52DD223868
    Stock: 8990
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-12-2025

  • $17,875
    fair price
    $564 below market
    • 137,269 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Unlimited Cars Sales (178 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Peachtree Corners, GA / 178 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7E2C57KB216872
    Stock: 11214
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-14-2024

  • $11,989
    fair price
    $105 below market
    • 111,075 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • National Choice Auto (141 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Knoxville, TN / 141 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAYE4C56DD137667
    Stock: 24NCA297
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-20-2024

    • 52,000 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 3 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Woodbury Auto Group (19 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Woodbury, TN / 19 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F0C5XKGM25026
    Stock: M25026
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-14-2025

  • Price Drop
    Stock photo**
    $27,995
    fair price
    $23 below market
    • 84,655 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • 5 Star Motors 3 (170 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Louisville, KY / 170 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Imagine cruising down the road in this sleek and sophisticated Gray 2019 BMW 7-Series. This luxury sedan is not just a mode of transportation, it's an...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F2C50KB239455
    Stock: 239455
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-22-2025

  • $31,689
    fair price
    $422 above market
    • 55,774 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Autonomous Auto Group (169 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Marietta, GA / 169 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    We have multiple satellite locations where inventory is stored... please call us to set an appointment so we can ensure you have the correct location ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F0C5XKGM26029
    Stock: KGM26029A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-14-2025

  • $36,998
    fair price
    $353 above market
    • 45,309 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • RBM of Alpharetta (170 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Alpharetta, GA / 170 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Pre-Owned 2019 BMW 750i xDrive in Metallic Magellan Grey over Canberra Beige Nappa Leather with good factory options and lower than average mileage | ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F2C58KB240689
    Stock: U39606A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-26-2025

    • 144,058 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Birmingham Broker (163 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 163 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Birmingham Broker Sales Dept information Below 2224 4th Avenue South Birmingham, AL 35233 2**-9**-6*** Errors and Omissions Disclaimer: Our dealership...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAYE4C53DDW22560
    Stock: W22560
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

  • $30,999
    fair price
    $1,073 above market
    • 64,992 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Amazing Luxury Cars Snellville (192 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Snellville, GA / 192 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Vehicle Overview Options: PARKING ASSISTANCE PACKAGE, FRONT VENTILATED SEATS, M SPORT PACKAGE, BLACK, PERFORATED NAPPA LEATHER UPHOLSTERY, WHEELS: 20"...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F0C5XKGM25642
    Stock: M25642
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 43,541 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 1,462 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7E2C59KB216503
    Stock: 2003787009
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-07-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 52,275 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 445 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7E2C57KB218606
    Stock: 2003633534
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-14-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 47,175 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 14 mi est. electric range
    • 25 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from SC to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbia, SC / 322 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7J2C51KB246395
    Stock: 27509247
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 67,351 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 628 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F2C57KB240330
    Stock: 2003869389
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-03-2025

  • New Listing
    • 75,141 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 592 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7F2C52KB240235
    Stock: 2003914151
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 53,409 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 20 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Gravity Autos Roswell (171 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Roswell, GA / 171 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    $10,000 IN OPTIONS! M SPORT PACKAGE, PREMIUM PACKAGE, BLACK NAPPA LEATHER UPHOLSTERY, FRONT & REAR HEATED SEATS, EXTENDED SHADOWLINE TRIM & MORE! CLEA...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA7T4C00MCF50022
    Stock: F50022
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-08-2025

Showing 106 - 126 out of 276 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW 7 Series

Read recent reviews for the BMW 7 Series
Overall Consumer Rating
4.3 out of 5 stars22 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 22 reviews
  • 5 star
    (64%)
  • 4 star
    (14%)
  • 3 star
    (9%)
  • 2 star
    (14%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

A car by any other name isn't

Atlcarguy, 12/08/2016
2016 BMW 7 Series 750i 4dr Sedan (4.4L 8cyl Turbo 8A)
a BMW. This truly is the best car I have ever owned. I have previously had MB, Jag, Audi, Jeep, Acura, etc. I went into this thinking it was going to be an S Class or a Model S. (Both great cars in their own right) However, after driving the S I couldn't shake the feeling that it felt old. Anyone who chose that car got a great one it just wasn't for me, and this is after aspiring to … an S my whole life. I drove the Tesla Model S and loved the acceleration and Auto Pilot, but it felt very cramped and the materials are not even close to 5 series quality let alone the 7. I liked the Tesla but feared I would get tired of the tradeoffs. I drove the 7 and knew I had to have it. It is extremely fast, very comfortable, and has a decent percent of the autonomous capabilities of the then Model S. After 8,000 miles, I can honestly say I still love it. I'm getting about 19 mpg around town and 29-30 when I do long highway hauls. Pretty darned impressive for a dual turbo V8 that will haul A*% when needed.
Report abuse

Used 2019 BMW 7 Series in Murfreesboro, TN Values

Estimated values
2019 BMW 7 Series 750i 4dr Sedan (4.4L 8cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$25,518$28,017$30,257
Clean$24,781$27,176$29,315
Average$23,551$25,774$27,745
Rough$21,953$23,952$25,705

The average list price of a used 2019 BMW 7 Series in Murfreesboro, Tennessee is $28,179. The average mileage on a used BMW 7 Series 2019 for sale in Murfreesboro, Tennessee is 74,587. Based on the average mileage of 74,587 for used 2019 BMW 7 Series for sale in Murfreesboro, TN and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW 7 Series 2019 in Murfreesboro, Tennessee to be $23,551.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.