Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,124 listings
  • New Listing
    $19,528
    fair price
    $603 below market
    • 41,967 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Zeigler Cadillac of Lincolnwood (170 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lincolnwood, IL / 170 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG1D2026997
    Stock: C25135A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-20-2025

  • Price Drop
    $15,635
    fair price
    $18 above market
    • 98,075 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Elgin Hyundai (193 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Bartlett, IL / 193 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG7D2067098
    Stock: G2381A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

  • New Listing
    • 57,649 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Chicago (199 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 199 miles away from Lansing, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG7D2068560
    Stock: 2003815412
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-12-2025

  • New Listing
    • 121,062 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Oak Lawn (179 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Oak Lawn, IL / 179 miles away from Lansing, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG6D2041933
    Stock: 26509818
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 94,893 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Naperville (197 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Naperville, IL / 197 miles away from Lansing, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG5D2005764
    Stock: 27145939
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 45,920 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Rivergate (458 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Madison, TN / 458 miles away from Lansing, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG2D2067302
    Stock: 27147876
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 70,892 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Lease Return Center (476 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Triangle, VA / 476 miles away from Lansing, MI

    --WOW!! WHAT A SUPER CLEAN AND LOW MILEAGE LEXUS!!--CARFAX CERTIFIED!!--GORGEOUS LOOKING CAR!!!!--ALL THE OPTIONS--LOOKS AND RUNS AMAZING!!!!!--THE BE...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG9D2015357
    Stock: 15357
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 95,288 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • EZ Auto Sales (477 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 477 miles away from Lansing, MI

    ***Visit www.EzAutoSalesVa.com to view our inventory*** Offering the BEST PRICES AVAILABLE, NATIONWIDE DELIVERY, and EXTENDED WARRANTY OPTIONS. At EZ ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG1D2073432
    Stock: EZA5738
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 121,182 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Don Franklin Monticello Chrysler Dodge Ram Jeep (406 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Monticello, KY / 406 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Fully Detailed. 21/31 City/Highway MPG Black 2013 Lexus ES 350 FWD 6-Speed Automatic with Sequential Shift ECT-i 3.5L V6 DOHC Dual VVT-i 24VThe Don Fr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG2D2050712
    Stock: D2050712
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

  • New Listing
    $10,995
    great price
    $1,885 below market
    • 143,762 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Buying Service (466 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Fairfax, VA / 466 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG9E2104122
    Stock: ABS8355
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • $16,163
    good price
    $2,323 below market
    • 55,462 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carget Motors (475 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Woodbridge, VA / 475 miles away from Lansing, MI

    The 2014 Lexus ES 350 offers a refined driving experience with luxury and reliability. This model, finished in a sleek gray exterior, features a sophi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG1E2123943
    Stock: 123943
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-25-2025

  • $12,800
    good price
    $1,151 below market
    • 97,944 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Passport MINI of Alexandria (473 mi away)
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Alexandria, VA / 473 miles away from Lansing, MI

    2012 Lexus ES 350 Tungsten Pearl FWD 3.5L V6 DOHC Dual VVT-i 24V AutomaticLight Gray Leather.19/28 City/Highway MPGCARFAX CERTIFIED!!# 1 Pre-Owned MIN...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EG0C2503338
    Stock: 14734B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-06-2025

  • New Listing
    $12,999
    fair price
    $473 below market
    • 85,751 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (185 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Waukesha, WI / 185 miles away from Lansing, MI

    Low Mileage,Rare Find,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / Moonroof,V6 Cylinder Engine,Heated Sea...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EG1C2507902
    Stock: C2507902X
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $18,000
    fair price
    $693 below market
    • 65,501 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Milwaukee (173 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Milwaukee, WI / 173 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG9E2137685
    Stock: L20993A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • $12,990
    fair price
    $122 below market
    • 119,130 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Kargar Motors (461 mi away)
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Manassas, VA / 461 miles away from Lansing, MI

    BUYING A CAR HAS NEVER BEEN THIS EASY.We specialize in 100% GUARANTEED APPROVAL. BAD CREDIT, NO CREDIT, BANKRUPTCY, REPO, FORECLOSURE...NO PROBLEM. NO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EGXC2475824
    Stock: KMM12428
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $12,752
    good price
    $923 below market
    • 83,962 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Rosen Hyundai of Algonquin (197 mi away)
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Algonquin, IL / 197 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EG4C2497995
    Stock: X7315
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • New Listing
    $12,997
    fair price
    $346 below market
    • 108,056 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Ourisman Lexus of Rockville (460 mi away)
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Rockville, MD / 460 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EG9C2481324
    Stock: T2481324
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

  • $14,807
    fair price
    $603 below market
    • 56,366 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Simotes Motor Sales & Service (210 mi away)
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Minooka, IL / 210 miles away from Lansing, MI

    **Please call or text to confirm availability or if you have any questions! - 815 353 4890** **Honest Pricing** We have NO HIDDEN FEES! Many dealers a...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EG0C2493538
    Stock: 2493538
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-25-2025

    • 75,635 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 19 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • MaxKar Motors (482 mi away)
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 482 miles away from Lansing, MI

    #00FF00;"">#3.5L V6 #00FF00;"">#Back-up Camera #00FF00;"">##00FF00;"">Bluetooth® Connection #00FF00;"">##00FF00;"">Climate Control #00FF00;"">##0...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1EG4C2502578
    Stock: 2578
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-18-2025

  • $15,000
    fair price
    $579 above market
    • 118,866 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Louisville (317 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Louisville, KY / 317 miles away from Lansing, MI

    2014 Lexus ES 350 **ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL**, **HEATED MIRRORS**, **HEATED SEATS**, **KEYLESS ENTRY**, **LEATHER**, **NEW CAR TRADE**, **POWER S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG2E2084800
    Stock: C092336A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

    • 75,806 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Chester Springs (494 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Chester Springs, PA / 494 miles away from Lansing, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTHBK1GG7E2125762
    Stock: C25799A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 1,124 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Lexus ES 350

Read recent reviews for the Lexus ES 350
Overall Consumer Rating
4.6 out of 5 stars45 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 45 reviews
  • 5 star
    (78%)
  • 4 star
    (13%)
  • 3 star
    (7%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (2%)
4.38 out of 5 stars

You Must Drive This Car

wofat, 12/01/2012
2013 Lexus ES 350 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cyl 6A)
I spent several months researching vehicles before finally making a purchase. I was focused on a mid to large sedan that would be very comfortable for my long commutes, that would get at least 25 MPG, FWD or AWD, and that would LAST for at least 200K miles. The final list was the 2013 Audi A4, 2013 Hyundai Azera, 2013 BMW 328xi, and the Infinity G37x. After driving and pricing, the … G37x and BMW were eliminated. They were simply under-equipped compared to the others at the same price point. The BMW especially was bare bones unless you dropped another 10K. The Audi was eliminated for reliability (big issues with burning oil). After driving the ES350 I was in love. Not squishy at all.
Report abuse

Used 2013 Lexus ES 350 in Lansing, MI Values

Estimated values
2013 Lexus ES 350 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$11,119$14,148$15,906
Clean$10,596$13,420$15,020
Average$9,723$12,206$13,544
Rough$8,589$10,629$11,624

The average list price of a used 2013 Lexus ES 350 in Lansing, Michigan is $15,659. The average mileage on a used Lexus ES 350 2013 for sale in Lansing, Michigan is 87,294. Based on the average mileage of 87,294 for used 2013 Lexus ES 350 for sale in Lansing, MI and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Lexus ES 350 2013 in Lansing, Michigan to be $9,723.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.