Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
2,408 listings
  • $34,157
    great price
    $2,753 below market
    • 10,701 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • AutoCenters Nissan (494 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Herculaneum, MO / 494 miles away from Tyler, TX

    ONE OWNER with ZERO ACCIDENTS, Four Wheel Drive, PRO-4X Comfort & Convenience Package, Technology Package, Sunroof, Heated Cloth Front Bucket Seats, A...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK2NN610547
    Stock: RK83841
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-20-2025

    • 51,660 miles
    • Rebuilt vehicle reported, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • AutoSavvy Duncanville (96 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Duncanville, TX / 96 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED0EB0MN703415
    Stock: 98787
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 37,557 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Expo Motorcars (182 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 182 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED0EAXMN702490
    Stock: 98721
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 142,730 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6'1” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Galaxy Auto Sales (108 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Arlington, TX / 108 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED0CE7MN703652
    Stock: 703652
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 39,172 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Expo Motorcars (182 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 182 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED0EB8MN717563
    Stock: 97386
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 22,959 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Jaden Cars and Trucks (184 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 184 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED0EA6MN700400
    Stock: 700400
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 115,248 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Mainland Investment (170 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 170 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED0EA9MN720768
    Stock: 720768
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 35,224 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Jupiter Chevrolet (89 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Garland, TX / 89 miles away from Tyler, TX

    CARFAX One-Owner.Odometer is 3068 miles below market average!2022 Nissan Frontier PRO-4X 4WD Glacier White4WD, 120V Power Outlet in Bed, 120V Po...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK9NN689277
    Stock: F30362
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

    • 51,589 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • EchoPark Automotive San Antonio (272 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 272 miles away from Tyler, TX

    At EchoPark, it’s all about offering you options for a happy experience. We have thousands of new-to-you makes and models that range from sedans to tr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ4NN621279
    Stock: CNN621279
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

  • $25,900
    great price
    $2,559 below market
    • 87,374 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Orr Nissan Central (247 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 247 miles away from Tyler, TX

    **REAR VIEW CAMERA**, **AM/FM/HD RADIO**, **EASY PRE APPROVALS**, **FULLY INSPECTED & ORR CERTIFIED**, **RETAIL READY**, 4WD.Recent Arrival! 2022 Ca...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK1NN684123
    Stock: 602268XA
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

    • 80,922 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Mercedes-Benz of Houston North (159 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 159 miles away from Tyler, TX

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: new brakes and new battery! [B92] Splash Guards[L93] Floor MatsKeyless Start[C03] 5...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ8NN648873
    Stock: NN648873
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-14-2025

    • 75,416 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Auto Boutique Texas (199 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Alvin, TX / 199 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Carfax and Autocheck accident free.Auto Boutique is proud to offer excellent, pre-owned vehicles. With our no haggle pricing policy you can be sure yo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ0NN689532
    Stock: T25527
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-09-2025

  • New Listing
    • 26,204 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • EchoPark Automotive San Antonio (New Braunfels) (246 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in New Braunfels, TX / 246 miles away from Tyler, TX

    At EchoPark, it’s all about offering you options for a happy experience. We have thousands of new-to-you makes and models that range from sedans to tr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ2NN672814
    Stock: PNN672814
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • Price Drop
    $27,149
    good price
    $2,060 below market
    • 72,842 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Banner Chevrolet (351 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in New Orleans, LA / 351 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Deep Blue Pearl 2022 Nissan Frontier PRO-X 4D Crew Cab RWD 9-Speed Automatic 3.8L DI DOHC 24V V6

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ0NN601093
    Stock: NN601093
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • Price Drop
    $31,990
    fair price
    $325 below market
    • 12,786 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Carvana - Oklahoma City (251 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 251 miles away from Tyler, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK0NN689619
    Stock: 2003847422
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-07-2025

  • New Listing
    $30,995
    good price
    $1,050 below market
    • 24,476 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Reliable Superstore (355 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Springfield, MO / 355 miles away from Tyler, TX

    120V Power Outlet in Bed, 120V Power Outlet in Rear Center Console, Bed Under-Rail Lighting, Blind Spot Warning, Front Halogen Fog Lights, Halogen Day...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK7NN693893
    Stock: NN693893
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

  • New Listing
    • 43,002 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Graff Chevrolet (102 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Grand Prairie, TX / 102 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!4WD.Clean CARFAX.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK0NN602141
    Stock: NN602141
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-23-2025

    • 53,495 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Gillman Honda of Fort Bend (194 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Rosenberg, TX / 194 miles away from Tyler, TX

    FREE LIFETIME ENGINE WARRANTY!!!! WHY TEAM GILLMAN Our award-winning, factory-trained technicians perform a meticulous 150- point reliability inspecti...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EK4NN608895
    Stock: R252201A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

  • $24,985
    good price
    $1,435 below market
    • 61,227 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Confidence Chevrolet Buick GMC (247 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Midwest City, OK / 247 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Welcome to Confidence Chevrolet Buick GMC, a Cavender Auto Family dealership. This vehicle is located at 6100 Tinker Diagonal, Midwest City, OK 73110....

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ2NN616064
    Stock: NN616064
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $31,590
    fair price
    $31 below market
    • 15,114 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Carvana - Mobile (435 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Mobile, AL / 435 miles away from Tyler, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EKXNN625619
    Stock: 2003783193
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-03-2025

    • 33,865 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4'12” bed, 3.8l, 6cyl
    • Round Rock Nissan (187 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Round Rock, TX / 187 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Nissan Certified, LOW MILES - 33,865! PRO-X trim. EPA 24 MPG Hwy/18 MPG City! Heated Seats, Navigation, Onboard Communications System, iPod/MP3 Input,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (18 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1N6ED1EJ8NN645892
    Stock: NN645892
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 06-23-2025

Showing 22 - 42 out of 2,408 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Nissan Frontier

Read recent reviews for the Nissan Frontier
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars68 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 68 reviews
  • 5 star
    (57%)
  • 4 star
    (25%)
  • 3 star
    (3%)
  • 2 star
    (7%)
  • 1 star
    (7%)
5 out of 5 stars

Tried and True

Jacob, 10/21/2019
2019 Nissan Frontier PRO-4X 4dr Crew Cab 4WD 5.0 ft. SB (4.0L 6cyl 5A)
After looking at the new Ranger, the Colorado, and a few different Tacoma’s, the Frontier won me over. I’ve read a lot of the negative comments from the “expert” reviews, but the simplicity of my truck is what ultimately sold me. It took the salesman at the Ford dealership 15 minutes just to explain the infotainment system in the Ranger. This truck is great; it handles well, has plenty … of power, and is surprisingly comfortable. For the price, it can’t be beat. I haven’t had the chance to go off road or tow yet, but I have no doubts. The technology is simple and straightforward to set up, and as a bonus the sound system is outstanding. I don’t have many negatives. I’ve averaged around 17 mpg around town, which could be better. But honestly I’m happy as is. It's very satisfying during my daily commute, and as I’ve mentioned, I love the simplicity. I have no issues with the “dated” feel that’s prevalent in a lot of reviews. ** UPDATE 2023 ** Still going strong, zero issues. I've been on some tough trails, I've towed around 6,000lbs up the coast, and it's been my daily driver. So far only standard maintenance. The fuel economy isn't great (around 17 combined), probably the only negative.
Report abuse

Used 2022 Nissan Frontier in Tyler, TX Values

Estimated values
2022 Nissan Frontier PRO-4X 4dr Crew Cab 4WD 5.0 ft. SB (3.8L 6cyl 9A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$27,167$28,603$30,100
Clean$26,803$28,196$29,648
Average$26,196$27,519$28,895
Rough$25,407$26,639$27,917

The average list price of a used 2022 Nissan Frontier in Tyler, Texas is $25,878. The average mileage on a used Nissan Frontier 2022 for sale in Tyler, Texas is 52,074. Based on the average mileage of 52,074 for used 2022 Nissan Frontier for sale in Tyler, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Nissan Frontier 2022 in Tyler, Texas to be $26,196.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Truck Details

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.