Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
813 listings
  • New Listing
    • 132,847 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Bold Motors (140 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in McHenry, IL / 140 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    All our inventory is ready to deliver an good driving experience. Whether you're looking for something stylish, practical, or high-performance, we hav...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H66EB026049
    Stock: 026049
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $14,500
    fair price
    $61 above market
    • 124,242 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Unlimited Motors Elwood (182 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Elwood, IN / 182 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Navigation, Back Up Camera, Sunroof, Bluetooth, Towing, Touch Screen, Clean Carfax. 18/27 City/Highway MPG Odometer is 3846 miles below market average...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H49EB018669
    Stock: STK18669T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-30-2024

  • $13,989
    fair price
    $642 below market
    • 110,556 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Fields Volvo Cars Northfield (122 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Northfield, IL / 122 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Odometer is 20356 miles below market average! FIELDS EXPERIENCE - FREE CAR WASHES, Bluetooth / MP3, MDX 3.5L SH-AWD, AWD, Graphite Luster Metallic, Eb...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H27EB006275
    Stock: V25476A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • New Listing
    $14,000
    fair price
    $457 below market
    • 129,215 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Ed Napleton Acura (136 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Elmhurst, IL / 136 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CARFAX One-Owner. 2014 Acura MDX 3.5L Technology Package SH-AWD Dark Cherry.Exterior Parking Camera Rear, Front dual zone A/C, Heated Front Sport Se...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H45EB030057
    Stock: PKC15599
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-06-2025

    • 136,885 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Golf Mill Ford (126 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Niles, IL / 126 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    2014 Acura MDX 3.5L Technology Package SH-AWD Crystal Black Pearl AWD 4D Sport Utility3.5L V6 SOHC i-VTEC 24V 6-Speed Automatic18/27 City/Highway MPG ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H44EB046668
    Stock: X14960A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-03-2025

  • $6,700
    good price
    $819 below market
    • 199,477 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Serra Honda Brighton (96 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Brighton, MI / 96 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Clean CARFAX. *WHOLESALE TO THE PUBLIC, Heated Seats, Backup Camera, Automatic Headlights.Crystal Black Pearl 2013 Acura MDX 3.7L Advance Package SH...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2HNYD2H61DH520053
    Stock: HT1038A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

  • $10,593
    good price
    $1,239 below market
    • 143,085 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Exchange St. Charles (154 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in St Charles, IL / 154 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 2HNYD2H60DH513207
    Stock: SC250152C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-15-2025

    • 128,827 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Honda on Grand (135 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Elmhurst, IL / 135 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H61FB007216
    Stock: P5581A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-04-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 214,733 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Tom Naquin Chevrolet (84 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Elkhart, IN / 84 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H69FB504563
    Stock: 5929C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-06-2025

  • $10,995
    great price
    $2,007 below market
    • 152,301 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Fairway Auto Sales (133 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Melrose Park, IL / 133 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H41EB007391
    Stock: 007391
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-13-2025

  • Price Drop
    $17,622
    great price
    $1,939 below market
    • 79,696 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Westmont (140 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Westmont, IL / 140 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    MoonroofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRear SpoilerCrystal Black PearlEbony; Leather-Trimmed Interi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H49GB053909
    Stock: GB053909
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-16-2025

  • New Listing
    $9,795
    great price
    $1,167 below market
    • 198,491 miles
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Westmont (140 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Westmont, IL / 140 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    MoonroofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRear SpoilerThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* a...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H48GB042285
    Stock: GB042285
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

  • $12,750
    fair price
    $350 below market
    • 147,549 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Bellevue, WA / 1,789 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Rare Find,3rd Row Seat,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Navigation System,Premium Sou...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD3H48EB013795
    Stock: EB013795A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $15,998
    fair price
    $479 above market
    • 107,456 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NV to MI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Henderson, NV / 1,628 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H49EB011494
    Stock: 27132341
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 103,684 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to MI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Davie, FL / 1,198 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H81EB039518
    Stock: 27310330
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    $9,995
    good price
    $781 below market
    • 175,020 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Payless Car Sales (136 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Blue Island, IL / 136 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    GOOD RUNNING ACURA MDX AVAILABLE *** CALL OFFICE DIRECT FOR DETAILS AT 7** 3** 1*** *** FINANCING AVAILABLE *Visit Payless Car Sales online to see m...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H24EB011191
    Stock: N011191
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-23-2023

  • Price Drop
    $13,490
    good price
    $1,111 below market
    • 127,052 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • McGrath Acura of Libertyville (126 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Libertyville, IL / 126 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    *Looking for a powerful, reliable, and luxurious SUV that checks all the boxes?* Discover the refined excellence of the 2014 Acura MDX 3.5L Technology...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H4XEB031902
    Stock: X5209AA
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-12-2025

  • New Listing
    $14,988
    good price
    $1,250 below market
    • 103,618 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Naperville (152 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Naperville, IL / 152 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    Nicely Equipped With: Technology Package Acura 8-Speaker/360-Watt premium Sound System Sport Seats with Leather-Trimmed Interior Heated Front Seats Ke...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H43EB020370
    Stock: 250735A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-09-2025

  • $16,990
    good price
    $946 below market
    • 104,368 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Lakeshore Autos (24 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Holland, MI / 24 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    2016 Acura MDX, the ultimate luxury SUV that combines power, performance, and style. This impressive vehicle boasts a 3.5L V6 engine with an impressiv...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H43GB050472
    Stock: P2720
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $18,495
    fair price
    $344 below market
    • 90,899 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Priced Right Auto - Nunica (27 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Nunica, MI / 27 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H48GB032145
    Stock: 3976N
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-01-2025

  • $14,500
    good price
    $1,672 below market
    • 104,530 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Capital Auto Finance (135 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bridgeview, IL / 135 miles away from Grand Rapids, MI

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5FRYD4H43EB023706
    Stock: AMDX543
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 813 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Acura MDX

Read recent reviews for the Acura MDX
Overall Consumer Rating
4 out of 5 stars86 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 86 reviews
  • 5 star
    (53%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (17%)
  • 2 star
    (7%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
4.5 out of 5 stars

UPDATED REVIEW w/MILEAGE DATA

joeag8, 08/02/2013
2014 Acura MDX SH-AWD 4dr SUV AWD w/Technology Package (3.5L 6cyl 6A)
Now that I have 1700 miles on the car, I thought I would provide an updated review to include mileage data. My overall driving habits fall around 65% highway, 35% city, and I currently average a total of 23.9 MPG. After 22,000 miles on my 2012 MDX, the best I was able to achieve was 18.6 MPG, so this is a huge improvement. Many of us have seen reviews with significant MPG stated -here's … why. The 2014 has a robust online computer that not only provides total MPG, but per trip MPG as well. I drove from Central NJ to Newark, Delaware twice last week (78 miles each way, 80% highway, 20% city) and averaged 30.9 and 30.7 MPG on each trip, which is impressive for this type of vehicle.
Report abuse

Used 2014 Acura MDX in Grand Rapids, MI Values

Estimated values
2014 Acura MDX SH-AWD 4dr SUV AWD w/Technology and Entertainment Packages (3.5L 6cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$8,609$12,393$14,742
Clean$8,263$11,840$14,020
Average$7,686$10,918$12,816
Rough$6,937$9,719$11,251

The average list price of a used 2014 Acura MDX in Grand Rapids, Michigan is $13,864. The average mileage on a used Acura MDX 2014 for sale in Grand Rapids, Michigan is 134,025. Based on the average mileage of 134,025 for used 2014 Acura MDX for sale in Grand Rapids, MI and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Acura MDX 2014 in Grand Rapids, Michigan to be $7,686.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.