Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
51 listings
  • $8,449
    great price
    $3,218 below market
    • 122,865 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • DealHunter Autos (10 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 10 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL7AA182025
    Stock: 182025
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $11,450
    great price
    $2,243 below market
    • 119,859 miles
    • 2 accidents, 5 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Prime Motors (17 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 17 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    Video walk-around, virtual test drives, E-purchase, shipping , financing and we accept all trades. Call/Text 703-671-8100 with questions or to schedul...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL4DA236949
    Stock: 236949
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $16,500
    fair price
    $1,072 above market
    • 84,136 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • VIP Auto (28 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 28 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    Vehicle Overview You are viewing a ONE OWNER CARFAX CERTIFIED 2011 AUDI S4 / 84136 MILES / PREMIUM PLUS PACKAGE / TECHNOLOGY PACKAGE / BOSE SOUND SYST...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL9BA076872
    Stock: 4672
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-06-2025

  • Stock photo**
    • 126,416 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Audi Arlington (19 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 19 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    * MSRP: $48,495.00 * Total Options: $895.00* Exterior Color: CITY* Drive Train: ALL_WHEEL_DRIVE* Engine: V6 Cylinder Engine* Transmission: 6-speed man...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUDGAFL8DA232203
    Stock: 232203AN
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 110,089 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • BMW of Towson (65 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Towson, MD / 65 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    Sun/MoonroofRear SpoilerBlack; Sport SeatsBrilliant BlackYou can find this 2013 Audi S4 Premium Plus and many others like it at BMW of Towson. P...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL9DA181334
    Stock: DA181334
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-15-2025

  • New Listing
    • 128,852 miles
    • No accidents, 6 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Country Chevrolet (29 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Warrenton, VA / 29 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    Recent Arrival! 2013 Audi S4 3.0T Premium Plus quattro Phantom Black Pearl quattro 3.0L V6 TFSI DOHC Supercharged 7-Speed Automatic S tronic

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGBFL9DA131698
    Stock: W24039
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

  • New Listing
    • 98,385 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Audi Rockville (32 mi away)
    • Home delivery*Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Rockville, MD / 32 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    USED 2014 AUDI S4 PREMIUM!! ROCKVILLE AUDI, THE MID ATLANTIC'S NUMBER 1 CERTIFIED PRE-OWNED DEALERSHIP!! WE ARE ALSO KNOWN FOR GREAT FINANCING & TERMS...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUDGAFL2EA019782
    Stock: MEA019782
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

    • 122,716 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Off Lease Motors (10 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 10 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    English & Spanish Speaking?? Hablamos Español We Sell BRAND NEW & Used! Financiamos a Todos ? <--Click Para Aplicar Ahora (Click To Apply No...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUKGAFL7AA066033
    Stock: 066033
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 171,210 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 27 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Minneapolis, MN / 936 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    CarFax 1-Owner,High Demand,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Navigation System,Premium Sound,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / M...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUDGAFL2CA027894
    Stock: CA027894A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 140,264 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Safford Brown Alexandria Mazda (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    Close

    Located in Alexandria, VA / 14 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    Daytona Gray Pearl 2015 Audi S4 4D Sedan 3.0T Prestige quattro quattro 6-Speed Manual with Overdrive 3.0L V6 TFSI DOHC Supercharged 19" Wheel & Tire P...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUMGBFLXFA074603
    Stock: N116493A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-09-2025

  • New Listing
    • 68,620 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 307 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUDGAFL6DA086531
    Stock: 2003696610
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-19-2025

    • 59,111 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Richmond (70 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 70 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL5FA126124
    Stock: 2003723432
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-12-2025

  • Price Drop
    $13,277
    great price
    $2,977 below market
    • 125,972 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Shannon Auto Sales (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Manassas, VA / 14 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL0FA126094
    Stock: 86278A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-11-2025

  • New Listing
    • 75,683 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 307 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL7EA073134
    Stock: 2003573882
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-15-2025

  • $16,995
    fair price
    $632 below market
    • 115,604 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • JDM Auto (25 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 25 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    BUSINESS HOURS: Monday-Friday: 10am-7pm Saturday: 10am-5pm Sundays: CLOSED OPEN MOST HOLIDAYS-CALL OFFICE TO CONFIRM OFFICE: 540-373-5847 OFFICE: 703-...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL6FA020510
    Stock: 00047
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-18-2024

    • 132,715 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • JDM Auto (25 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 25 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    BUSINESS HOURS: Monday-Friday: 10am-7pm Saturday: 10am-5pm Sundays: CLOSED OPEN MOST HOLIDAYS-CALL OFFICE TO CONFIRM OFFICE: 540-373-5847 OFFICE: 703-...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUDGAFL8FA078319
    Stock: 00038
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2025

  • $23,990
    fair price
    $1,776 above market
    • 74,800 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 631 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL8FA027555
    Stock: 2003721511
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • New Listing
    • 54,011 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 390 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL0FA083344
    Stock: 2003744218
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

  • $23,995
    great price
    $3,163 below market
    • 81,082 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Trademark (15 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Manassas, VA / 15 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    2018 Audi S4 3.0T Quattro Prestige 4dr Hatchback -- Clean Carfax, Well Maintained, Head Up Display, Bang & Olufsen sound, Blind Spot Monitor, Navigat...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUC4AF49JA002629
    Stock: AT17577
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $24,450
    good price
    $1,044 below market
    • 65,679 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Prime Motors (17 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 17 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    ASK ABOUT OUR MD INSPECTION PROGRAMVideo walk-around, virtual test drives, E-purchase, shipping , financing and we accept all trades. Call/Text 703-67...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUB4AF49JA007180
    Stock: 007180
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $17,499
    fair price
    $717 below market
    • 96,198 miles
    • 3 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Seized Luxury Vehicles (27 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Sterling, VA / 27 miles away from Woodbridge, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WAUBGAFL3GA008638
    Stock: SR-008638
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 51 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Audi S4

Read recent reviews for the Audi S4
Overall Consumer Rating
4.9 out of 5 stars33 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 33 reviews
  • 5 star
    (97%)
  • 4 star
    (3%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

Awesome Audi S4

car510, 04/09/2011
2011 Audi S4 Premium Plus quattro 4dr Sedan AWD (3.0L 6cyl S/C 6M)
This Audi S4 is now my 10th car, and it exceeds all my expectations. Over the years, I've had a BMW 325, 328, 335, and a Lexus IS 350. The Audi S4 exterior is beautiful, the interior is gorgeous, and the drive is outstanding. I love having a manual transmission, and the Audi Drive Select takes driving to a different level. Even the base stereo system is pretty good. I'm not an … audiophile, so I was concerned about not getting the B&O system; but I have no regrets. It's loud, it's crisp, there's an amplifier, a subwoofer, tweeters, speakers, and it gets the job done.
Report abuse

Used 2010 Audi S4 in Woodbridge, VA Values

Estimated values
2010 Audi S4 Premium Plus quattro 4dr Sedan AWD (3.0L 6cyl S/C 7AM) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$7,570$10,823$12,769
Clean$7,142$10,131$11,861
Average$6,429$8,977$10,347
Rough$5,503$7,476$8,380

The average list price of a used 2010 Audi S4 in Woodbridge, Virginia is $17,924. The average mileage on a used Audi S4 2010 for sale in Woodbridge, Virginia is 103,537. Based on the average mileage of 103,537 for used 2010 Audi S4 for sale in Woodbridge, VA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Audi S4 2010 in Woodbridge, Virginia to be $6,429.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.