Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
459 listings
  • Price Drop
    $37,490
    great price
    $3,254 below market
    • 26,005 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Mercedes-Benz of Rocklin (377 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Rocklin, CA / 377 miles away from Eugene, OR

    New Price! Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner. Odometer is 14036 miles below market average!**1 PREVIOUS OWNER**, **CLEAN CARFAX: NO ACCIDENTS**, **WELL...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AXBF75ND015328
    Stock: D015328T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-23-2025

  • Price Drop
    $31,887
    great price
    $3,850 below market
    • 57,649 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Lithia Toyota of Missoula (479 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Missoula, MT / 479 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Carrara White exterior and Black interior. Heated Leather Seats, Moonroof, Nav System, Third Row Seat, Rear Air, All Wheel Drive, Power Liftgate, Turb...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LXBF78ND010651
    Stock: 17578
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-03-2025

  • $38,999
    good price
    $1,720 below market
    • 31,879 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Audi Boise (342 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Boise, ID / 342 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Recent Arrival! CARFAX One-Owner. *NAV GPS NAVIGATION*, *MOONROOF SUNROOF*, *ONE OWNER*, *NAV NAVIGATION GPS*, *BLUETOOTH*, *TOWING PACKAGE*, *LEATHER...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LJBF77ND000856
    Stock: PA27010
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • $39,991
    fair price
    $642 below market
    • 35,468 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Audi Bellevue (250 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Bellevue, WA / 250 miles away from Eugene, OR

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: all new tires! Convenience PackagePanoramic RoofGlacier White MetallicLeather Seats...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AXBF7XND012344
    Stock: ND012344
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-14-2025

  • $33,900
    fair price
    $948 below market
    • 52,435 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Lithia Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram Fiat of Spokane (375 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Spokane, WA / 375 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Black Metallic 2022 Audi Q7 55 Premium quattro quattro 8-Speed Automatic with Tiptronic 3.0L TFSIRecent Arrival!CARFAX One-Owner.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AXBF73ND011018
    Stock: 11018A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $33,990
    fair price
    $684 below market
    • 57,370 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • AutoNation Honda Roseville (379 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Roseville, CA / 379 miles away from Eugene, OR

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: new brakes and all new tires! Panoramic RoofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LJBF79ND007064
    Stock: ND007064
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

  • $31,993
    fair price
    $570 below market
    • 52,755 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Spokane Hyundai (374 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Spokane Valley, WA / 374 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Welcome to Spokane Hyundai, this Florett Silver Metallic 2022 Audi Q7 Premium is a great choice! Check out the following:Carfax One Owner!Our certifie...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AJBF76ND022886
    Stock: H4881
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-03-2025

  • $33,899
    good price
    $1,357 below market
    • 37,709 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Cadillac Of South San Francisco (443 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Colma, CA / 443 miles away from Eugene, OR

    *GET PRE-APPROVED INSTANTLY: **https://www.cadillacsouthsanfrancisco.com/finance/apply-for-financing/ **CALL (650) 436 - 6330 TO SCHEDULE AN APPOINTME...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AJBF75ND002239
    Stock: 22AUD0723U
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-05-2025

  • New Listing
    $37,709
    fair price
    $1,081 above market
    • 49,248 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • AutoNation Volkswagen Spokane (375 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Spokane Valley, WA / 375 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Panoramic RoofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatKeyless StartRear SpoilerThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* and passed our ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LXBF73ND010153
    Stock: ND010153
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-21-2025

    • 14,630 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax Pleasanton (444 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Pleasanton, CA / 444 miles away from Eugene, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AJBF71ND012105
    Stock: 26753179
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 34,565 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Audi Rocklin (377 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Rocklin, CA / 377 miles away from Eugene, OR

    PREMIUM PLUS PACKAGE, BLACK OPTIC PACKAGE AND MORE!. . Certified. Glacier White 2022 Audi Q7 45 Premium Plus quattro quattro 8-Speed Automatic with Ti...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: Yes

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LJBF70ND009270
    Stock: P7916
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-19-2025

  • Stock photo**
    • 9,343 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Kendall BMW Of Bend (90 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bend, OR / 90 miles away from Eugene, OR

    CARFAX One-Owner. Glacier White Metallic 2022 Audi Q7 45 Premium Plus quattro quattro 8-Speed Automatic with Tiptronic 2.0L 4-Cylinder TFSI 10 Speaker...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LJBF72ND007486
    Stock: BU4108
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 45,077 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Dick Hannah Volkswagen (113 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Vancouver, WA / 113 miles away from Eugene, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VXBF75ND007098
    Stock: P110685
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-25-2025

    • 24,881 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Audi San Jose (469 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in San Jose, CA / 469 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Quattro/AWD, Adaptive Cruise Assist w/Lane Guidance, Audi smartphone interface (Apple CarPlay/Android Auto), Bang & Olufsen 3D Premium Sound System, N...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LXBF70ND018047
    Stock: 11924
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • $38,490
    great price
    $4,457 below market
    • 22,947 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • AutoNation Volkswagen Spokane (375 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Spokane Valley, WA / 375 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Convenience PackageTowing PackagePanoramic RoofSatellite Silver MetallicLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatAudi Guard All-Weather MatsL...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1ACBF79PD020773
    Stock: PD020773
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-31-2024

  • New Listing
    • 8,349 miles
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Audi Modesto (453 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Modesto, CA / 453 miles away from Eugene, OR

    This DGDG Premium 2022 Audi Q7 55 Prestige with one previous owner and only 8,346 miles was inspected and reconditioned by our service team. Experienc...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VXBF71ND013559
    Stock: UAM818
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-25-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 43,364 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Niello Audi (386 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 386 miles away from Eugene, OR

    CONVENIENCE PACKAGETHINK NIELLOWe are conveniently located in Sacramento and have the largest inventory of new and pre-owned vehicles in Northe...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AJBF73ND010839
    Stock: A3448AD
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2025

  • Price Drop
    $32,998
    fair price
    $22 below market
    • 42,988 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Driveway (102 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Portland, OR / 102 miles away from Eugene, OR

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,High Demand,Rare Find,3rd Row Seat,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Lift...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LXAF74MD017332
    Stock: MD017332T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $37,998
    good price
    $1,212 below market
    • 45,099 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax Lynnwood (261 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Lynnwood, WA / 261 miles away from Eugene, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LXBF78PD009597
    Stock: 26836115
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $41,770
    fair price
    $1,318 below market
    • 39,270 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Audi Rocklin (377 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Rocklin, CA / 377 miles away from Eugene, OR

    Premium Plus Package. . . Certified. Glacier White Metallic 2023 Audi Q7 55 Premium Plus quattro quattro 8-Speed Automatic with Tiptronic 3.0L TFSI. ....

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (18 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LXBF75PD008925
    Stock: P7956
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-16-2025

  • New Listing
    $34,998
    fair price
    $158 below market
    • 30,368 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax Fairfield (406 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Fairfield, CA / 406 miles away from Eugene, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AJAF72MD031979
    Stock: 26742954
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 459 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Audi Q7

Read recent reviews for the Audi Q7
Overall Consumer Rating
3.6 out of 5 stars30 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 30 reviews
  • 5 star
    (43%)
  • 4 star
    (17%)
  • 3 star
    (13%)
  • 2 star
    (7%)
  • 1 star
    (20%)
4 out of 5 stars

APPROACH WITH CAUTION

Randle James, 10/09/2021
2022 Audi Q7 Premium Plus 4dr SUV AWD w/45 TFSI (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
This SUV is a real beauty, but… and it’s a BIG BUT… the technology employed, which truly is extraordinary when working well, is extremely unstable - failing and faulting nearly 25% of the time. We’ve had our Q7 for 6 months and it’s been back to the dealership 5 times. I know all the service advisors by name now. And no offense to service advisors, but I NEVER want to know one (much less … several) by name. It’s so frustrating, because when everything is working well, you’ll never find a better experience. It’s THAT good. But man oh man, when it’s not working, nothing is more infuriating. For one of the many examples, the system is constantly “updating.” The last update - which ended up causing a return to the service department - took 5 days. 5 days of no navigation, no phone, no radio, no nothing. It was like driving a brick. A very very expensive brick.
Report abuse

Used 2022 Audi Q7 in Eugene, OR Values

Estimated values
2022 Audi Q7 Premium 4dr SUV AWD w/55 TFSI (3.0L 6cyl Turbo gas/electric mild hybrid 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$31,895$33,688$35,558
Clean$31,470$33,222$35,046
Average$30,762$32,444$34,194
Rough$29,841$31,433$33,087

The average list price of a used 2022 Audi Q7 in Eugene, Oregon is $38,647. The average mileage on a used Audi Q7 2022 for sale in Eugene, Oregon is 36,257. Based on the average mileage of 36,257 for used 2022 Audi Q7 for sale in Eugene, OR and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Audi Q7 2022 in Eugene, Oregon to be $30,762.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.