Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
764 listings
  • New Listing
    • 78,444 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Overstock Vehicles (Dallas) (394 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Lewisville, TX / 394 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Thanks for visiting our site. We have plenty of vehicles in stock and more on the way!Exterior color is Dark Granite Metallic, Interior color Jet Blac...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4KKJ5GR260389
    Stock: GR260389D
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-14-2025

  • New Listing
    • 170,432 miles
    • No accidents, 6 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Salvage Reseller West (396 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Grand Prairie, TX / 396 miles away from Jackson, MS

    This vehicle is located at North Las Vegas, NV Copart yard. All purchases must take place online at www.salvagereseller.com. Visit our website to lear...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4JKJ1GR366333
    Stock: 53899955
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

    • 104,455 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • TX Auto Group (361 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 361 miles away from Jackson, MS

    - 2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV Luxury Collection SUV- 420 Horsepower 6.2L V8 Engine- Loaded / Extra Clean / Serviced / Texas OwnedHave a look at this Fa...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3HKJ8GR225755
    Stock: 225755-CS
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 120,090 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • DeMontrond Buick GMC (348 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 348 miles away from Jackson, MS

    At DeMontrond Buick GMC, we’re committed to delivering a trusted, family-owned dealership experience in Houston. Since 1953, our mission has been to p...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3KKJ2GR461346
    Stock: TGR461346
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-19-2025

  • New Listing
    • 118,927 miles
    • Water damage reported, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Salvage Reseller West (396 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Grand Prairie, TX / 396 miles away from Jackson, MS

    This vehicle is located at Andrews, TX Copart yard. All purchases must take place online at www.salvagereseller.com. Visit our website to learn more.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4HKJ7GR218387
    Stock: 54504435
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

    • 109,683 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Mercedes-Benz of Houston North (347 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 347 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Entertainment System; Rear SeatCrystal White TricoatWheels; 22" X 9" (55.9 Cm X 22.9 Cm) Dual 7-Spoke Ultra-Bright Finish Aluminum With Premium Pain...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4HKJ1GR173138
    Stock: GR173138
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-22-2025

    • 92,154 miles
    • Issue reported, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • TX Auto Group (361 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 361 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Have a look at this Factory Loaded, Extra Clean, Adult Owned, Serviced, & Non Smoker 2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV 4WD Premium Collection SUV with Black ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4JKJ6GR230148
    Stock: 230148-TCC
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 135,213 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Dallas I Car (390 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 390 miles away from Jackson, MS

    2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV Premium Sport Utility 4DVIN: 1GYS4JKJ8GR456210 | Mileage: 135,213Engine: V8 6.2L Flex Fuel | Transmission: 8-Speed Automati...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4JKJ8GR456210
    Stock: 456210
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 108,242 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Joe Myers Ford (360 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 360 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Non-Smoker, Local Trade, Rear View Camera, BLUETOOTH, 16 Speakers, Adaptive Full-Speed Range Cruise Control, Adaptive suspension, Auto-leveling suspen...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4JKJ6GR291063
    Stock: TGR291063
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2025

  • New Listing
    • 105,094 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Whips (388 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Carrollton, TX / 388 miles away from Jackson, MS

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3JKJXGR420506
    Stock: 420506
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 103,623 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Auto Boutique Texas (358 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Alvin, TX / 358 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Auto Boutique is proud to offer excellent, pre-owned vehicles. With our no haggle pricing policy you can be sure you are getting the best deal possibl...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3KKJ6GR373710
    Stock: 24764M
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-25-2025

  • New Listing
    • 125,000 miles
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Reiselman GMC (344 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Springfield, TN / 344 miles away from Jackson, MS

    4WD.We have literally done our best to change the entire way you shop for and purchase your next vehicle. Each staff member is dedicated to being y...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4HKJ2GR354913
    Stock: 1R949A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

  • New Listing
    • 160,082 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • AutoNation USA Plano (384 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 384 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Entertainment System; Rear SeatWhite Diamond TricoatSun/MoonroofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatKeyless StartHeads-Up DisplayCooled ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4SKJ7FR694053
    Stock: FR694053
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,998
    good price
    $1,973 below market
    • 100,214 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Don Franklin Chevrolet Buick GMC (456 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Somerset, KY / 456 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Fully Detailed. Odometer is 10327 miles below market average! Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! Crystal White Tricoat 2017 Cadillac Escalade ESV L...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3HKJ8HR119095
    Stock: HR119095
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-04-2025

    • 89,800 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Glenn Polk Ford (412 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Gainesville, TX / 412 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Type your sentence here. Recent Arrival!3rd Row DVD Screen, Adaptive Full-Speed Range Cruise Control, Automatic Safety Belt Tightening, Driver Assist ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4TKJ5FR603044
    Stock: FF62943A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2025

  • New Listing
    • 94,729 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Driveline Motorcars (387 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Farmers Branch, TX / 387 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Red Passion Tintcoat 2017 Cadillac Escalade ESV Luxury RWD 8-Speed Automatic Vortec 6.2L V8 SIDIDriver Awareness Package (Forward Collision Alert, I...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3HKJ8HR322701
    Stock: HR322701
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

    • 82,444 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Driveway (366 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Rockwall, TX / 366 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Rare Find,3rd Row Seat,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3HKJ4FR156125
    Stock: FR156125P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $30,474
    fair price
    $1,331 below market
    • 98,906 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Classic Chevrolet (421 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Owasso, OK / 421 miles away from Jackson, MS

    **1-OWNER**, **4WD**, **ANDROID CARPLAY**, **APPLE CARPLAY**, **AUTO HEADLIGHTS**, **BLIND SPOT WARNING SYS**, **BLUETOOTH**, **DAYTIME RUNNING LIGHTS...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4KKJXHR207785
    Stock: P531321
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

    • 111,750 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • MINI of the Woodlands (343 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Conroe, TX / 343 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Entertainment System; Rear SeatSun/MoonroofLeather SeatsNavigation System3rd Row SeatLpo; All-Weather Floor Mats; First; Second And Third RowLpo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4SKJ5FR741287
    Stock: FR741287
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

    • 83,016 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Ally Auto Group (388 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Addison, TX / 388 miles away from Jackson, MS

    Drives great, Fully Loaded, Rear seat entertainment, Family friendly, Non-smoker owner, Smooth ride

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: Yes

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS3HKJ3HR141909
    Stock: 141909
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 237,450 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • Automay Car Sales (477 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 477 miles away from Jackson, MS

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GYS4JKJ5FR305629
    Stock: 305629
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 764 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Cadillac Escalade ESV

Read recent reviews for the Cadillac Escalade ESV
Overall Consumer Rating
2.8 out of 5 stars22 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 22 reviews
  • 5 star
    (32%)
  • 4 star
    (5%)
  • 3 star
    (18%)
  • 2 star
    (5%)
  • 1 star
    (41%)
2 out of 5 stars

GM reliability destroying once great Escalade

Adam S, 05/13/2019
2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV Luxury 4dr SUV 4WD (6.2L 8cyl 8A)
Bought a certified 2016 Escalade ESV because we just had our 3rd kid and needed something with extra room for 3 car seats and 2 strollers. Traded in my 2013 Infiniti JX35 with 90k trouble free miles. Loved that SUV, but too small for my needs. Day 1 of owning Escalade heard tranny slipping and truck bangs and thumps with every shift. Dealer replaced tranny fluid and that made a huge … difference. Took back possession of vehicle and right away, heard an engine ticking. Took it back and needed a new belt. Now when I put truck into AUTO from 2WD in rain and snow it sounds like the front differential(?) is slipping. Truck sounds rough, feels like crap and I’m trying to get another appointment with the dealer. These trucks looks gorgeous, don’t get me wrong and I love the Kona leather interior with the Captains seats. It’s comfortable and fast, but the reliability is so bad that after 3 months I can comfortably say I won’t buy Cadillac again. Also the dealer experience has been less than stellar, but I realize that depends on individual dealerships. I wish Lexus or Infiniti would build an XL Luxury SUV. With as many Escalades and Suburbans on the road, I have to assume there’s a solid business case. In either case, check out the Navigator or Expedition, because GM has self destructed with their horrendous reliability. But if you must get GM, please get an extended warranty. Cadillac certified warranty is crap. My Fidelity warranty has covered more than $3,700 worth of fixes that Cadillac wouldn’t cover.
Report abuse

Used 2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV in Jackson, MS Values

Estimated values
2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV Platinum 4dr SUV 4WD (6.2L 8cyl 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$19,465$24,002$27,244
Clean$18,843$23,181$26,250
Average$17,807$21,812$24,595
Rough$16,460$20,033$22,442

The average list price of a used 2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV in Jackson, Mississippi is $23,516. The average mileage on a used Cadillac Escalade ESV 2016 for sale in Jackson, Mississippi is 115,702. Based on the average mileage of 115,702 for used 2016 Cadillac Escalade ESV for sale in Jackson, MS and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Cadillac Escalade ESV 2016 in Jackson, Mississippi to be $17,807.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.