Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,047 listings
  • Price Drop
    $47,950
    fair price
    $575 below market
    • 37,462 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Mathews Nissan (338 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Clarksville, TN / 338 miles away from Springfield, MO

    The 2023 INFINITI QX80 comes equipped with the following Cargo Package (Cargo Net, Carpeted Cargo Mat, Center Console Tray, Console Net, and First-Aid...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AC7P9490123
    Stock: P9847
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-06-2025

  • Price Drop
    $48,846
    good price
    $1,163 below market
    • 53,257 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Lupient INFINITI Milwaukee (485 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in West Allis, WI / 485 miles away from Springfield, MO

    With a Limited Lifetime Powertrain Warranty that also includes seals and gaskets on most vehicle sold* with less than 75,000 miles at time of sale.Bac...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2BE2P9302494
    Stock: IM1645A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    $40,995
    fair price
    $666 below market
    • 43,295 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Kunes Buick GMC of Greenfield (483 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Greenfield, WI / 483 miles away from Springfield, MO

    **SUNROOF, **LEATHER SEATS, **APPLE CAR PLAY / ANDROID AUTO, **REMOTE START, **HEATED SEATS, **HEATED / COOLED SEATS, **BACK UP CAMERA, **NAVIGATION, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AE6P9305481
    Stock: 43P925
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-17-2025

  • New Listing
    $53,500
    fair price
    $932 above market
    • 28,133 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Gary Crossley Ford (150 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Kansas City, MO / 150 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Manual-Leveling Auto On/Off Projector Beam Led Low/High Beam Daytime Running Auto-Leveling Directionally Adaptive Auto High-Beam Headlamps w/Delay-Off...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2BE7P9305505
    Stock: 32242029A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-03-2025

    • 3,390 miles
    • Frame damage reported, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Tradeline Motorcars (356 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Carrollton, TX / 356 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Dynamic Metal 2025 INFINITI QX80 SENSORY 4WD 9-Speed Automatic 3.5L V6 DOHC 24V 3rd row seats: bench, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, ABS brakes, Adaptive suspen...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (16 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ3DB2S9402080
    Stock: 402080
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • $53,544
    fair price
    $534 above market
    • 28,337 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • INFINITI of Birmingham (454 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Hoover, AL / 454 miles away from Springfield, MO

    *3rd Row Seating*, ***Manager Special - PRICE NOT A MISPRINT - THIS MONTH ONLY!!*, *Blind Spot Technology - Never Worry When Changing Lanes Again*, *B...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AEXP9302843
    Stock: U302843A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 06-04-2025

    • 28,601 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Shottenkirk Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram Granbury (414 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Granbury, TX / 414 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner. 2023 INFINITI QX80 Sensory 4D Sport Utility Black Obsidian 5.6L V8 7-Speed Automatic 4WD This vehicle comes well equip...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2BE7P9302927
    Stock: PBS20076
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-12-2024

  • Price Drop
    $48,475
    fair price
    $270 above market
    • 29,908 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Giles Subaru (495 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Lafayette, LA / 495 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Dealer Inspected. Moonstone White 2023 INFINITI QX80 Premium Select RWD 7-Speed Automatic 5.6L V8

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AF6P9756161
    Stock: 47996A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

    • 35,644 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Sewell INFINITI of Fort Worth (392 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Worth, TX / 392 miles away from Springfield, MO

    This Certified 2023 Premium Select 4WD is Anthracite Gray with Graphite interior. It is equipped with blind spot warning, leather-appointed interior, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AE6P9304931
    Stock: 5367893
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

    • 20,142 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Moritz Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (392 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Worth, TX / 392 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Moonstone White 2023 INFINITI QX80 Premium Select 4WD 7-Speed Automatic 5.6L V8 Bluetooth, Backup Camera, The Moritz Promise LIMITED LIFETIME POWERTRA...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AEXP9307623
    Stock: H551090A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-30-2025

  • New Listing
    $50,998
    fair price
    $24 below market
    • 44,182 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NV to MO*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Reno, NV / 1,436 miles away from Springfield, MO

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2BE5P9303655
    Stock: 27343195
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 7,498 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • 7 Seats
    • INFINITI of Kansas City (142 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Merriam, KS / 142 miles away from Springfield, MO

    ABS brakes, Active Cruise Control, Alloy wheels, Compass, Electronic Stability Control, Front dual zone A/C, Heated door mirrors, Heated front seats, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ3CC6S9602079
    Stock: K25048
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 10-11-2024

  • Price Drop
    • 186 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Donohoo Auto (456 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Pelham, AL / 456 miles away from Springfield, MO

    If you wish to have vehicle shipped to you, that is a separate charge determined by distance. Please use the listed price as the most up to date price...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ3BA8S9000025
    Stock: 48734
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

  • $47,999
    fair price
    $417 above market
    • 62,180 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • INFINITI of Omaha (317 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Elkhorn, NE / 317 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Moonstone White 2023 INFINITI QX80 Sensory 4WD 7-Speed Automatic 5.6L V8 17 Speakers, 2.937 Axle Ratio, 3rd row seats: split-bench, 4-Wheel Disc Brake...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2BE0P9307273
    Stock: IN250220A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-14-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 37,651 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • BMW of Kansas City South (136 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Kansas City, MO / 136 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Excellent Condition. Moonstone White exterior, PREMIUM SELECT trim. WAS $49,876. Heated Leather Seats, Moonroof, Nav System, Third Row Seat, Power Lif...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AE5P9306461
    Stock: S04500B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

    • 6,661 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Bo Haarala Autoplex (428 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Meridian, MS / 428 miles away from Springfield, MO

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AF1P9757430
    Stock: P9757430
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-29-2024

    • 21,853 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Lewis Motor Sales (410 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Lafayette, IN / 410 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Only 21,853 Miles! Boasts 19 Highway MPG and 13 City MPG! This INFINITI QX80 delivers a Premium Unleaded V-8 5.6 L/339 engine powering this Automatic ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AE6P9301897
    Stock: Q223
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-20-2025

    • 10,232 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Bo Haarala Autoplex (428 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Meridian, MS / 428 miles away from Springfield, MO

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AF4P9756482
    Stock: P9756482
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-07-2024

    • 12,214 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Bo Haarala Autoplex (428 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Meridian, MS / 428 miles away from Springfield, MO

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AF8P9757473
    Stock: P9757473
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-22-2024

  • New Listing
    • 29,000 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 13 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Gabriel/Jordan Buick GMC (347 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Kilgore, TX / 347 miles away from Springfield, MO

    Recent Arrival! This 2023 INFINITI QX80 Sensory in Black Obsidian comes with the following features: 5.6L V8 7-Speed Automatic 4WD **TOUCH SCREEN RADI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (13 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2BEXP9307510
    Stock: P9307510
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-18-2025

    • 17,088 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Bo Haarala Autoplex (428 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Meridian, MS / 428 miles away from Springfield, MO

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AZ2AD6P9875469
    Stock: P9875469
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-05-2024

Showing 799 - 819 out of 1,047 listings

Consumer Reviews for the INFINITI QX80

Read recent reviews for the INFINITI QX80
Overall Consumer Rating
4 out of 5 stars22 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 22 reviews
  • 5 star
    (59%)
  • 4 star
    (9%)
  • 3 star
    (14%)
  • 2 star
    (5%)
  • 1 star
    (14%)
4 out of 5 stars

Infiniti Luv

Nellz, 12/17/2017
2015 INFINITI QX80 4dr SUV 4WD (5.6L 8cyl 7A)
Due to thid type of engine it needs a oil change every 5k miles which can be inconvienent. Gas gussler but what SUV is not. Wonderful car inside and out. Very perfect for a family of 4. We have 2 kids in carseats and this is the perfect size SUV
Report abuse

Used 2023 INFINITI QX80 in Springfield, MO Values

Estimated values
2023 INFINITI QX80 PREMIUM SELECT 4dr SUV 4WD (5.6L 8cyl 7A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$44,201$46,628$49,364
Clean$43,703$46,066$48,730
Average$42,873$45,128$47,672
Rough$41,794$43,909$46,297

The average list price of a used 2023 INFINITI QX80 in Springfield, Missouri is $56,626. The average mileage on a used INFINITI QX80 2023 for sale in Springfield, Missouri is 26,520. Based on the average mileage of 26,520 for used 2023 INFINITI QX80 for sale in Springfield, MO and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used INFINITI QX80 2023 in Springfield, Missouri to be $42,873.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.