Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
73 listings

Save with Chevrolet Volt rebates
Check your savings potential before you buy

  • New Listing
    • 36,020 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 415 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6E40EU162665
    Stock: 2003892055
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 35,299 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 468 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6E40EU112557
    Stock: 27613862
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 67,266 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from WA to TN*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Lynnwood, WA / 1,870 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RB6E47EU157596
    Stock: 27454769
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 89,006 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TN*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Brandywine, MD / 770 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6E43EU142040
    Stock: 27109760
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 84,772 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Katy, TX / 492 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RE6E48EU171031
    Stock: 27011669
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 103,363 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TN*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Costa Mesa, CA / 1,586 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RA6E48EU156301
    Stock: 26639731
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 70,818 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 715 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6E45EU140418
    Stock: 2003858978
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 35,828 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • Carvana - Memphis (9 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 9 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RA6S51HU199699
    Stock: 2003868395
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 43,610 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TN*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Pleasanton, CA / 1,769 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6E40FU139906
    Stock: 27238250
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 59,775 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 415 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RB6E49FU135228
    Stock: 2003798356
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

  • New Listing
    • 85,576 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Las Vegas, NV / 1,408 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RE6E48DU131868
    Stock: 2003875941
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 76,328 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IL to TN*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in O'Fallon, IL / 244 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RB6E47FU119674
    Stock: 26785607
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $12,998
    fair price
    $632 above market
    • 86,074 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NV to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Las Vegas, NV / 1,413 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RC6S58GU129402
    Stock: 27426410
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 108,114 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 53 mi est. electric range
    • 43 City / 42 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Memphis (18 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 18 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (43 City/42 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RA6S54JU125540
    Stock: 27106306
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 90,832 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Los Angeles, CA / 1,601 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6S54GU114635
    Stock: 2003903798
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

    • 82,804 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 649 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6S54GU135369
    Stock: 27123770
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 105,436 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in White Marsh, MD / 805 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RC6S59GU119204
    Stock: 24950307
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 49,040 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Bakersfield, CA / 1,630 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6S58GU134497
    Stock: 27601315
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 63,107 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 414 miles away from Memphis, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6S50GU117743
    Stock: 2003949904
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-31-2025

  • Stock photo**
    • 149,579 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 35 City / 40 Hwy MPG
    • Why Pay More Auto Sales (50 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Trumann, AR / 50 miles away from Memphis, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    37 Combined MPG (35 City/40 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RD6E43CU112985
    Stock: 112985
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • New Listing
    • 51,794 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 639 miles away from Memphis, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    42 Combined MPG (N/A City/N/A Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1G1RC6S52GU133221
    Stock: 27724085
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 73 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Chevrolet Volt

Read recent reviews for the Chevrolet Volt
Overall Consumer Rating
4.6 out of 5 stars36 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 36 reviews
  • 5 star
    (72%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (8%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
4.88 out of 5 stars

Perfect carr for both Electric and Hybrid driving...

itsjoeybear, 04/29/2014
2014 Chevrolet Volt 4dr Hatchback (gas/electric hybrid DD)
I absolutely love my Volt…I was looking for a car that could get me to work and back on all electric power, but still have the ability to do road trips without relying on the battery. The Volt is perfect for my daily 40 mile round trip commute to work. I charge the car at home and have plenty of power to drive to work and back. The Volt is fun to drive and has plenty of power to maneuver … the LA freeways. In full Hybrid mode, I'm averaging about 38 to 40 actual miles per gallon, which is good for a lead foot like me. I rarely use gas though, but if I do it's on the weekend or trips out of town. The car keeps track of your gas and EV mileage separate, so it's easy to calculate.
Report abuse

Used 2014 Chevrolet Volt in Memphis, TN Values

Estimated values
2014 Chevrolet Volt 4dr Hatchback (1.4L 4cyl gas/electric plug-in hybrid DD) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$5,678$10,418$13,352
Clean$5,381$9,820$12,521
Average$4,885$8,824$11,138
Rough$4,240$7,529$9,339

The average list price of a used 2014 Chevrolet Volt in Memphis, Tennessee is $14,238. The average mileage on a used Chevrolet Volt 2014 for sale in Memphis, Tennessee is 74,973. Based on the average mileage of 74,973 for used 2014 Chevrolet Volt for sale in Memphis, TN and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Chevrolet Volt 2014 in Memphis, Tennessee to be $4,885.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.