Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
865 listings

Save with Tesla Model 3 rebates
Check your savings potential before you buy

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $14,990
    great price
    $5,472 below market
    • 50,745 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 268 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Ron Marhofer Chevrolet (11 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Stow, OH / 11 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Price without rebates: $18,990. The advertised price of $14,990 includes Federal EV Tax Credits of $4,000. Prior to purchase, please determine your el...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA5JF051373
    Stock: PJJC1373
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $20,113
    great price
    $4,639 below market
    • 25,817 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 253 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • North Coast Mitsubishi Bedford (7 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 7 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    2022 Tesla Model 3 Base White 4D Sedan Recent Arrival! Electric MotorPrice without rebates: $24113 Our advertised price includes Federal EV Tax Credit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA3NF330486
    Stock: 330486F02
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-03-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $15,293
    great price
    $4,448 below market
    • 73,274 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 224 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • North Coast Mitsubishi Bedford (7 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 7 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    2018 Tesla Model 3 Mid Range Blue 4D Sedan Recent Arrival! Electric MotorPrice without rebates: $19293 Our advertised price includes Federal EV Tax Cr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA0JF154183
    Stock: 154183F01
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $17,440
    great price
    $2,984 below market
    • 53,870 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 226 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Ron Marhofer Chevrolet (11 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Stow, OH / 11 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Price without rebates: $21,440. The advertised price of $17,440 includes Federal EV Tax Credits of $4,000. Prior to purchase, please determine your el...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA3KF307057
    Stock: PJJC7057
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $15,990
    great price
    $3,102 below market
    • 68,085 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 271 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Ron Marhofer Chevrolet (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Stow, OH / 11 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Price without rebates: $19,990. The advertised price of $15,990 includes Federal EV Tax Credits of $4,000. Prior to purchase, please determine your el...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB4JF116738
    Stock: PJJC6738
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $22,493
    great price
    $3,610 below market
    • 24,018 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 329 - 330 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • North Coast Mitsubishi Bedford (7 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 7 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    2022 Tesla Model 3 Long Range Black 4D Sedan Recent Arrival! Electric MotorPrice without rebates: $26493 Our advertised price includes Federal EV Tax ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB7NF160514
    Stock: 160514F01
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-10-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $17,440
    good price
    $2,625 below market
    • 59,355 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 226 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Ron Marhofer Chevrolet (11 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Stow, OH / 11 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Price without rebates: $21,440. The advertised price of $17,440 includes Federal EV Tax Credits of $4,000. Prior to purchase, please determine your el...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA7KF304601
    Stock: PJJC4601
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $18,990
    good price
    $2,613 below market
    • 26,016 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 270 - 271 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Ron Marhofer Chevrolet (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Stow, OH / 11 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Price without rebates: $22,990. The advertised price of $18,990 includes Federal EV Tax Credits of $4,000. Prior to purchase, please determine your el...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB0JF064072
    Stock: PJJC4072
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • $35,990
    fair price
    $726 below market
    • 8,557 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 351 - 352 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA4SF873678
    Stock: 2003789078
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-05-2025

  • Price Drop
    $28,222
    good price
    $1,215 below market
    • 3,425 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 321 - 322 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Great Lakes Honda West (35 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Elyria, OH / 35 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Carfax CERTIFIED accident free, CARFAX CERTIFIED ONE OWNER VEHICLE!!, Completely serviced and safety inspected, buy with confidence, Model 3 Long Rang...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB0MF860079
    Stock: BCA1450
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $35,990
    good price
    $1,100 below market
    • 6,090 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 352 - 353 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA7SF931590
    Stock: 2003853196
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-29-2025

  • $25,590
    fair price
    $181 above market
    • 29,851 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 256 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA5PF701294
    Stock: 2003783615
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-04-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $17,493
    good price
    $2,463 below market
    • 49,869 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 271 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • North Coast Mitsubishi Bedford (7 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 7 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    2018 Tesla Model 3 Long Range White 4D Sedan Recent Arrival! Electric MotorPrice without rebates: $21493 Our advertised price includes Federal EV Tax ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB5JF117719
    Stock: 117719F01
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 27,015 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 1 owner, personal use
    • 235 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • North Coast Mitsubishi Bedford (7 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 7 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    2021 Tesla Model 3 Standard Range Plus Solid Black 4D Sedan Recent Arrival! Electric MotorPrice without rebates: $24823 Our advertised price includes ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA6MF029659
    Stock: 029659F01
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $24,590
    fair price
    $563 below market
    • 25,019 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 235 - 236 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EAXMF854104
    Stock: 2003629698
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-15-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $19,799
    good price
    $2,175 below market
    • 29,332 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 268 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • North Coast Mitsubishi - West Cleveland (16 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 16 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    2018 Tesla Model 3 Long Range Red Multi-Coat 4D Sedan Recent Arrival! Electric MotorCARFAX One-Owner. Odometer is 30296 miles below market average!...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA1JF047515
    Stock: 047515FA1
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • $26,990
    fair price
    $513 below market
    • 21,033 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 330 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Mike Bass Ford (33 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Sheffield Village, OH / 33 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! 2022 Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD 1-Speed Automatic Electric Motor **ONE OWNER**, CLEAN VEHICLE HISTORY REPORT- ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB1NF182251
    Stock: H4375
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-03-2025

  • Price Drop
    $35,590
    fair price
    $21 below market
    • 19,009 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 321 - 322 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EB3RF728831
    Stock: 2003824853
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $25,990
    good price
    $882 below market
    • 45,679 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 266 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EC6LF796167
    Stock: 2003800356
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-27-2025

  • Price Drop
    $26,590
    fair price
    $302 above market
    • 16,909 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 257 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Cleveland (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 17 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EA6PF583076
    Stock: 2003828165
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • New Listing
    $29,022
    good price
    $1,607 below market
    • 29,682 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 290 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Mercedes-Benz of North Olmsted (26 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in North Olmsted, OH / 26 miles away from Twinsburg, OH

    BACK-UP CAMERA, BLUETOOTH HANDS FREE PHONE, HEATED SEATS, LEATHER, NAVIGATION, NO ACCIDENTS, PANORAMIC ROOF, WORRY FREE PRICING... WORRY FREE VISIT......

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5YJ3E1EC9PF551191
    Stock: M050705B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-27-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 865 listings
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius50 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.