Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
90 listings
  • New Listing
    • 123,902 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Beechmont DriveTime (283 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 283 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFACH4JZ040875
    Stock: 1420074301
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-29-2025

  • Price Drop
    $13,595
    fair price
    $130 below market
    • 42,659 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Gallatin DriveTime (115 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Madison, TN / 115 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFAAH6HZ039627
    Stock: 1330073540
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-11-2025

  • $18,590
    fair price
    $545 above market
    • 32,191 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Cleveland (486 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 486 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBNFADH7KZ041737
    Stock: 2003846452
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-04-2025

  • Price Drop
    $12,195
    fair price
    $348 above market
    • 63,541 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Fairfield DriveTime (299 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Fairfield, OH / 299 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFAAH6HZ039093
    Stock: 1420069329
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 10-22-2024

    • 40,199 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Gallatin DriveTime (115 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Madison, TN / 115 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBNFADH1KZ042477
    Stock: 1330072866
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-05-2025

  • New Listing
    • 83,493 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Indianapolis (331 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 331 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBNFADH0KZ042437
    Stock: 2003941778
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-31-2025

  • $13,998
    fair price
    $221 below market
    • 28,068 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Birmingham (131 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Irondale, AL / 131 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    This vehicle is located at our Irondale Campus** WHOLESALE TO THE PUBLIC** Air Conditioning** AM/FM radio: SiriusXM** Heated Front Seats** To learn mo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFADH1JZ041044
    Stock: U041044
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-28-2025

  • $12,450
    good price
    $473 below market
    • 40,015 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Car Source (356 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Grove City, OH / 356 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFADH7JZ040626
    Stock: 61491
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

  • $5,990
    fair price
    $585 above market
    • 120,900 miles
    • 2 accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carprime Outlet (379 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Angier, NC / 379 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    CLEAN TITLE. Very decent and reliable car in a very good shape, runs and shifts perfectly and smoothly with no problems. No check-engine lights on,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFAAH1JZ040965
    Stock: 040965
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-05-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 42,612 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Dothan (265 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Upgraded Stereo
    Close

    Located in Dothan, AL / 265 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFACH9GZ037950
    Stock: 26363569
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 79,015 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Merrillville (457 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Merrillville, IN / 457 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFAAH6GZ038296
    Stock: 27216862
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    Photos not available
    • 58,810 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Vaughn Preowned of Alexandria (490 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Alexandria, LA / 490 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Bianco (White) 2018 Fiat 500L Trekking FWD 6-Speed Aisin F21-250 HD Auto 1.4L I4 16V MultiAir TurbochargedRecent Arrival! 22/30 City/Highway MPG

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFADH4JZ041510
    Stock: 5P041510
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $18,998
    good price
    $1,722 below market
    • 17,391 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in White Marsh, MD / 571 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBNFADH2KZ042228
    Stock: 27378649
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    $5,500
    fair price
    $246 below market
    • 129,373 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Fred Martin Superstore (460 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Norton, OH / 460 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. We spend 2x as much on used car reconditioning as other dealers - Used car reconditioning cost compared to other Chrys...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFADH5HZ039016
    Stock: 1T252671BW
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

    • 57,986 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Travers GMT Auto O'Fallon (397 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in O'Fallon, MO / 397 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    This 2019 FIAT 500L Pop, comes in Grigio Chiaro (Graphite Metallic) exterior with Dark Slate Gray interior with 57942 miles and is Stock Number G17012...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBNFAAH9KZ041968
    Stock: 041968
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-19-2025

    • 46,772 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 690 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBNFAAH6KZ042172
    Stock: 2003883283
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-16-2025

    • 90,595 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Cox Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (337 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Burlington, NC / 337 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    EquipmentOur dealership has already run the CARFAX report and it is clean. A clean CARFAX is a great asset for resale value in the future. Bl...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFACH3FZ035092
    Stock: R3551A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 62,957 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Bommarito Buick GMC (381 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Ellisville, MO / 381 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    2017 Fiat 500L Lounge 1.4L I4 16V MultiAir Turbocharged 6-Speed Aisin F21-250 HD Auto FWD 4D Hatchback Grigio 17 Painted Aluminum Wheels, 4-Wheel Disc...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFACH8HZ039044
    Stock: P6160
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-04-2025

    • 103,066 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Cincy Automall (300 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Fairfield, OH / 300 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Visit Cincy AutoMall online at www.cincyautomall.com to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 513-717-1111 today to schedule your test driv...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFADH7HZ038563
    Stock: D038563
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 157,312 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • USA 1 of Dalton LLC (24 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Dalton, GA / 24 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFAAH6HZ039837
    Stock: 039837
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-15-2024

  • Stock photo**
    • 167,461 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Ed Martin Ford (349 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Anderson, IN / 349 miles away from Chattanooga, TN

    Recent Arrival!22/30 City/Highway MPG Clean CARFAX.Call for details 1-765-649-3673.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: ZFBCFADH5FZ032743
    Stock: FP0472
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 90 listings

Consumer Reviews for the FIAT 500L

Read recent reviews for the FIAT 500L
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars36 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 36 reviews
  • 5 star
    (67%)
  • 4 star
    (8%)
  • 3 star
    (6%)
  • 2 star
    (17%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
4.38 out of 5 stars

Fiat 500L = Fun Italian Ride

demingboys, 06/06/2015
2015 FIAT 500L Trekking 4dr Wagon (1.4L 4cyl Turbo 6M)
This little Italian charmer has been quite a refreshing joy to drive over the last few weeks. The performance of the multi-air turbo is phenomenal and unexpected. For its size, the 500L is nimble and handles more like a sports car than the Fiat self-described "Urban Utility Vehicle." I highly recommend the Trekking version of this vehicle. It is a better designed model than the others … offered and more rugged in appearance.
Report abuse

Used 2018 FIAT 500L in Chattanooga, TN Values

Estimated values
2018 FIAT 500L Lounge 4dr Wagon (1.4L 4cyl Turbo 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$8,895$11,621$13,867
Clean$8,520$11,122$13,260
Average$7,896$10,290$12,249
Rough$7,084$9,209$10,935

The average list price of a used 2018 FIAT 500L in Chattanooga, Tennessee is $13,164. The average mileage on a used FIAT 500L 2018 for sale in Chattanooga, Tennessee is 75,634. Based on the average mileage of 75,634 for used 2018 FIAT 500L for sale in Chattanooga, TN and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used FIAT 500L 2018 in Chattanooga, Tennessee to be $7,896.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.