Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
105 listings
    • 126,011 miles
    • No accidents, 8 owners, personal use only
    • 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Royer's 322 Motors (153 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in DuBois, PA / 153 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    Sv sport, fwd, cloth interior, Bluetooth wireless.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MR9BT005342
    Stock: 18543
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-05-2025

    • 99,795 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Page Toyota (106 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Southfield, MI / 106 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV5DT224153
    Stock: 46401
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • New Listing
    • 119,973 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • North Coast Mitsubishi Akron (28 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Akron, OH / 28 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV4DT213726
    Stock: 213726T01
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-26-2025

  • New Listing
    • 142,534 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Bill Leggett (121 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 121 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    Local new car trade in loaded with heated leather seats, moonroof, navigation and much more! Bill Leggett Automotive Is a Family-Owned Dealership That...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV2CT110108
    Stock: 110108
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-25-2025

  • Price Drop
    $8,494
    fair price
    $510 below market
    • 107,130 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Germain Kia of Columbus (132 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 132 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV3ET366552
    Stock: KET366552
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

  • $5,995
    good price
    $1,021 below market
    • 147,920 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Redford Auto Quality Used Cars (106 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Redford, MI / 106 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV5CT116078
    Stock: 116078
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-31-2024

  • $7,295
    fair price
    $691 below market
    • 109,880 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Quality Car Store (119 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Pittsburgh, PA / 119 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV7CT118933
    Stock: T118933
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $6,900
    fair price
    $111 below market
    • 149,560 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Matt Castrucci Nissan (184 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Dayton, OH / 184 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV1CT122251
    Stock: NC122251
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $7,995
    fair price
    $260 below market
    • 92,613 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carnes Auto Sales (152 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    Close

    Located in Mannington, WV / 152 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV7CT121153
    Stock: 121153
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2024

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $8,799
    fair price
    $318 below market
    • 56,367 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Serpentini Chevrolet of Westlake (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    Close

    Located in Westlake, OH / 11 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    POWER SUNROOF REMOTE KEYLESS ENTRY AWD A/C POWER WINDOWS + LOCKSRecent Arrival! 2012 Chrome Silver Nissan Juke SV 1.6L I4 DOHC 16V AWD This Nissan Juk...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV6CT122620
    Stock: 13844P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-20-2025

  • New Listing
    $12,998
    fair price
    $625 above market
    • 87,683 miles
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Akron (35 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Akron, OH / 35 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8DF5MV8ET150421
    Stock: 27350418
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 95,298 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Spitzer Ford DuBois (153 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Du Bois, PA / 153 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV7ET484166
    Stock: 2658DFX
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

    • 103,757 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Bedford Nissan (9 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 9 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MVXET360134
    Stock: R24-424A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-22-2025

    • 107,200 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Cossell's Automotive (147 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    Close

    Located in Scottdale, PA / 147 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV0CT127585
    Stock: 2044
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

  • $7,495
    fair price
    $170 above market
    • 128,920 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Vehicle City Motors (145 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Flint, MI / 145 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV6ET357747
    Stock: 2330
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $3,496
    great price
    $2,052 below market
    • 206,998 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Mt Morris Auto Sales (152 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    Close

    Located in Mt Morris, MI / 152 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    Love being the center of attention and hate misplacing your ride in a crowded parking lot? The 2011 Nissan Juke could well be your personal dream mach...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV1BT005512
    Stock: 005512
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-04-2025

  • $5,495
    great price
    $2,706 below market
    • 101,056 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Showcase Auto Sales (173 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Chesaning, MI / 173 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV3DT218027
    Stock: 37461
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-12-2025

  • $7,995
    good price
    $1,035 below market
    • 75,146 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • VA Motorcars LLC (9 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Auto Climate Control
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 9 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    Vehicle Overview WARRANTY A Limited Warranty is included with this vehicle. Contact seller for more information. KEY FEATURES AND OPTIONS Comes equipp...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV4DT205108
    Stock: ANT1321C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-06-2025

  • $5,995
    good price
    $983 below market
    • 116,783 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Bank Auto Sales (103 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Trip Computer
    Close

    Located in Wayne, MI / 103 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    Discover excellence with our 2013 Nissan Juke SL AWD presented in Sapphire Black. Powered by a Turbo Charged 1.6 Liter 4 Cylinder that offers a grin-i...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV9DT224348
    Stock: 224348
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $7,990
    good price
    $634 below market
    • 70,308 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Walker Toyota (185 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Miamisburg, OH / 185 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    OUR MISSION IS TO SIMPLY BE THE BEST IN EVERY AREA OF OUR BUSINESS. WE WILL ACCOMPLISH THIS BY PROVIDING THE MOST EXCEPTIONAL CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE, BEI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MV5BT024810
    Stock: T44599A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

  • $6,820
    good price
    $507 below market
    • 108,172 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Golden Rule Auto (106 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Newark, OH / 106 miles away from Cleveland, OH

    GOLDEN RULE AUTO 372 W Church, Newark Oh 43055 Showings available by appointment TRADE INS WELCOME & FINANCING AVAILABLE @ GOLDENRULEOHIO.COM PRE-SUMM...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AF5MVXBT027024
    Stock: 027024
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 105 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Nissan Juke

Read recent reviews for the Nissan Juke
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars36 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 36 reviews
  • 5 star
    (53%)
  • 4 star
    (36%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (6%)
4 out of 5 stars

Luxury car for great price.

Andrea K, 12/29/2015
2012 Nissan Juke SL 4dr Hatchback (1.6L 4cyl Turbo 6M)
I'm very satisfied with the purchase of my Juke. It's been 6 months now and I really do love it. I have all the features of a high-end luxury car for the price of a Nissan. Heated Leather Seats, Sunroof, Navigation, Handsfree Bluetooth, iPod integration, Backup Cam...all the goodies I've always wanted. The car is very sporty and is super fun to drive, especially when in Sport mode. I … like that you can choose between the different driving modes. They really do make a noticeable difference in the car's performance (I just wish it would save your last setting do you don't have to change it back every time you start the car). I've never had turbo before and because the car is so light and nimble, the thing GOES when you want it to. Really great for manuevering southern California's traffic. Just be careful, I got a ticket the first day I had it. So far I've had no issues with the car. I've had 2 nissans before and they've always been super reliable so I'd expect the same from my Juke. The look of the car is not really my style. Some people love it, some hate it. I don't really care about that, I was more concerned with the features it offered while still being a hatchback. I call it a hatchback and not a small SUV because that's what it is. When I first got it, I was expecting more of an SUV and since my last 2 cars have been larger SUV's, I wanted the same thing just smaller. This is not that. It is really tight on space. This hasn't been an issue for me so far but it does take some getting used to. If doing any long term camping trips, major costco runs, or if you have kids, this is not the car you want to use for that. It's really more like a sporty coupe with a little bit more clearance and space. The seats fold down and that definitely helps increase cargo space but you have to push the front seats forward to get the rear seats down. Kind of a pain but not a deal breaker for me as I do not have kids and rarely even a second passenger. My other issue with the car is the fact that I'm constantly having to fill up the gas tank. The tank itself is small (10gallons ish) and the gas mileage on this thing is not so great (I'm averaging at 24mpg...not good for such a small car but considering it has turbo, I get it). Oh, and it takes 91 premium fuel. So even though it only costs me about $30 to fill up, I am doing so every few days, as it only has a range of about 250mi on a full tank. It also takes synthetic fuel, again due to the turbo, so the maintenance is not as cheap as any of the other low end nissans. Overall, I really am happy with the Juke. Sure it has it's downfalls but the pros definitely outweigh the cons for me. If I could have gotten a used versa with the same SL features, I would have gone for that, but only the new Versa's have all those nice features. Not as much ground clearance as the Juke but way better on gas and probably not a ton of difference as far as cargo space goes.
Report abuse

Used 2011 Nissan Juke in Cleveland, OH Values

Estimated values
2011 Nissan Juke SV 4dr Hatchback (1.6L 4cyl Turbo 6M) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$2,194$4,352$5,620
Clean$2,062$4,055$5,194
Average$1,841$3,560$4,485
Rough$1,553$2,916$3,563

The average list price of a used 2011 Nissan Juke in Cleveland, Ohio is $7,736. The average mileage on a used Nissan Juke 2011 for sale in Cleveland, Ohio is 112,053. Based on the average mileage of 112,053 for used 2011 Nissan Juke for sale in Cleveland, OH and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Nissan Juke 2011 in Cleveland, Ohio to be $1,841.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.