Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
659 listings
  • Price Drop
    $18,888
    great price
    $1,912 below market
    • 12,218 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Southtowne Hyundai of Newnan (22 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Newnan, GA / 22 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    **Price Includes Southtowne Trade Assistance of $1,000.00 (Must trade a 2011 or newer vehicle to qualify) and Finance Incentive of $1,000.00 (Must fin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV2PL518395
    Stock: 2E5841A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-29-2025

  • Price Drop
    $19,291
    great price
    $1,806 below market
    • 14,425 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Nissan of Lithia Springs (18 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 18 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Clean CARFAX.* NISSAN CERTIFIED PRE-OWNED, * 7 YEAR / 100,000 POWERTRAIN WARRANTY, * 7 YEAR / 100,000 MILE 24 HOUR ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE COV...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CV9PL488295
    Stock: PL488295
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 06-04-2025

  • $20,721
    great price
    $2,117 below market
    • 18,395 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Nissan of Lithia Springs (18 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 18 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Clean CARFAX.* NISSAN CERTIFIED PRE-OWNED, * 7 YEAR / 100,000 POWERTRAIN WARRANTY, * 7 YEAR / 100,000 MILE 24 HOUR ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE COV...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV5RL523836
    Stock: RL523836
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-10-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,988
    great price
    $1,434 below market
    • 2,177 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 28 City / 35 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Rezi Nissan (25 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 25 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Nissan Kicks SV Deep Blue Pearl/Gun Metallic **NISSAN CERTIFIED, **BACKUP CAMERA, **BLUETOOTH/HANDSFREE, **COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM, **LA...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    31 Combined MPG (28 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N8AP6CA6SL339525
    Stock: P339525R
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-16-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $22,489
    great price
    $1,232 below market
    • 3,596 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 28 City / 35 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Rezi Nissan (25 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 25 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Nissan Kicks SV Canyon Bronze Metallic **NISSAN CERTIFIED, **NAVIGATION, **BACKUP CAMERA, **BLUETOOTH/HANDSFREE, **HEATED SEATS, **COLLISIO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    31 Combined MPG (28 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N8AP6CA2SL338131
    Stock: P338131R
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-30-2025

  • Price Drop
    $18,113
    good price
    $1,442 below market
    • 23,651 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Hertz Car Sales Morrow (5 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Morrow, GA / 5 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    *All prices plus government fees and taxes, any finance charges, any electronic filing charge, and any emission testing charge. The price includes a d...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CV3RL561485
    Stock: 45008
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-12-2025

  • $20,462
    good price
    $1,460 below market
    • 7,402 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Nissan of Lithia Springs (18 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 18 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Clean CARFAX.* NISSAN CERTIFIED PRE-OWNED, * 7 YEAR / 100,000 POWERTRAIN WARRANTY, * 7 YEAR / 100,000 MILE 24 HOUR ROADSIDE ASSISTANCE COV...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CV8PL548647
    Stock: PL548647
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

  • $20,493
    fair price
    $859 above market
    • 13,631 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation Toyota Thornton Road (17 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 17 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    [W10] Wheels: 17" Black Alloy[L92] Carpeted Floor Mats W/Cargo Mat[B92] Splash Guards Grain (4 Piece)Keyless Start[C03] 50 State EmissionsCharcoa...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV5PL500750
    Stock: PL500750
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

  • $19,384
    fair price
    $576 below market
    • 17,737 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Hertz Car Sales Morrow (5 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Morrow, GA / 5 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    *All prices plus government fees and taxes, any finance charges, any electronic filing charge, and any emission testing charge. The price includes a d...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CV0RL565364
    Stock: 45092
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • New Listing
    $15,998
    good price
    $1,908 below market
    • 105,475 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Lithia Springs (18 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 18 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV3ML477044
    Stock: 27125394
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $17,435
    good price
    $1,131 below market
    • 32,132 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Nissan South (5 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Morrow, GA / 5 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CV9LL512721
    Stock: LL512721
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-29-2025

  • Price Drop
    $16,320
    good price
    $837 below market
    • 43,232 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • ALM Kia South (5 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Union City, GA / 5 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV2LL533800
    Stock: S7756964A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-30-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,988
    good price
    $981 below market
    • 3,168 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 28 City / 35 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Rezi Nissan (25 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 25 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Nissan Kicks SV Gun Metallic/Super Black **NISSAN CERTIFIED, **BACKUP CAMERA, **BLUETOOTH/HANDSFREE, **COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM, **LANE D...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    31 Combined MPG (28 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N8AP6CA4SL339877
    Stock: P339877R
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,988
    good price
    $915 below market
    • 4,885 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Rezi Nissan (25 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 25 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Nissan Kicks SR Aspen White **NISSAN CERTIFIED, **BACKUP CAMERA, **BLUETOOTH/HANDSFREE, **HEATED SEATS, **COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM, **LAN...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV2RL524930
    Stock: P524930L
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-10-2025

  • $17,590
    fair price
    $1,101 above market
    • 24,388 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Atlanta (15 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Alarm
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 15 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CU9JL531144
    Stock: 2003827595
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-27-2025

  • Price Drop
    $20,988
    fair price
    $487 below market
    • 12,995 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Rezi Nissan (25 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 25 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Nissan Kicks SR Monarch Orange Metallic/Super Black **BACKUP CAMERA, **BLUETOOTH/HANDSFREE, **HEATED SEATS, **COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM, *...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5DV3PL570263
    Stock: T570263
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-02-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,988
    good price
    $617 below market
    • 5,038 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 28 City / 35 Hwy MPG
    • Mike Rezi Nissan (25 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 25 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Certified. Nissan Kicks SV Canyon Bronze Metallic **NISSAN CERTIFIED, **BACKUP CAMERA, **BLUETOOTH/HANDSFREE, **LANE DEPARTURE SYSTEM, **BLIND SPOT MO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    31 Combined MPG (28 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N8AP6CA6SL338150
    Stock: P338150R
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • $18,663
    good price
    $716 below market
    • 26,402 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Nissan of Lithia Springs (18 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 18 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    Clean CARFAX.** ONE OWNER W/ CLEAN CARFAX **, **REMOTE ENGINE START, **REMOTE KEYLESS ENTRY, * PUSH BUTTON START, **VEHICLE IMMOBILIZER SYSTEM, * HAN...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CV8RL563622
    Stock: RL563622
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

  • $17,990
    fair price
    $1,275 above market
    • 33,468 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Atlanta (15 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 15 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5CU3KL510081
    Stock: 2003846964
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-27-2025

  • $11,999
    great price
    $2,451 below market
    • 81,673 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Expo Corp (22 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Smyrna, GA / 22 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5BV6PL495318
    Stock: 495318
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $20,999
    fair price
    $906 above market
    • 7,235 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 31 City / 36 Hwy MPG
    • Bella Nissan (5 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Union City, GA / 5 miles away from Riverdale, GA

    2024 Nissan Kicks SCertified. Clean CARFAX.FWD CVT with Xtronic 1.6L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16VOdometer is 8928 miles below market average! CARFAX One-O...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (31 City/36 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3N1CP5BV9RL471288
    Stock: SL414125A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-13-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 659 listings
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius25 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.