Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,432 listings
  • New Listing
    $31,998
    fair price
    $1,586 above market
    • 9,201 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Laurel, MD / 1,335 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (26 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM9R0393566
    Stock: 27310835
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 14,294 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Inglewood, CA / 1,234 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBDM7N1522312
    Stock: 26971230
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $21,998
    fair price
    $87 above market
    • 23,091 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Burbank, CA / 1,232 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFABM2M0407750
    Stock: 27173706
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 15,489 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from DE to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Newark, DE / 1,404 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCMXN1602513
    Stock: 26866365
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-5
    $28,570
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    Excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,420 destination charge (Alaska $1,465). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • New Listing
    $30,998
    fair price
    $567 above market
    • 10,947 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TN to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Franklin, TN / 746 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBXY4N0599952
    Stock: 26972545
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $24,998
    fair price
    $733 below market
    • 19,181 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Brandenton, FL / 936 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFADM2M0338748
    Stock: 27165836
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 3,759 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from GA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Buford, GA / 847 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM2N0533631
    Stock: 26169580
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 16,030 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from PA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Easton, PA / 1,452 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCMXN1587334
    Stock: 27203247
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-5
    $28,570
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    Excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,420 destination charge (Alaska $1,465). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • New Listing
    $29,998
    fair price
    $589 above market
    • 16,193 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Palm Desert, CA / 1,120 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBEM4P0112705
    Stock: 27094004
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $25,998
    good price
    $1,094 below market
    • 27,641 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Oxnard, CA / 1,281 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM1P0142604
    Stock: 27371071
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $28,998
    fair price
    $213 above market
    • 11,725 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NJ to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Mays Landing, NJ / 1,453 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCL6R0517512
    Stock: 27110347
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $26,998
    fair price
    $615 above market
    • 13,005 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from VA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Midlothian, VA / 1,257 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBDM4M1349864
    Stock: 27030837
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-5
    $28,570
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    Excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,420 destination charge (Alaska $1,465). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • Price Drop
    $27,998
    fair price
    $334 above market
    • 16,711 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Costa Mesa, CA / 1,206 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBEY7M0375009
    Stock: 27173341
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $16,998
    good price
    $983 below market
    • 100,235 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Santa Rosa, CA / 1,530 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFADMXK0520419
    Stock: 26542485
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $26,998
    fair price
    $314 above market
    • 18,227 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Ellicott City, MD / 1,339 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM3P0137159
    Stock: 27183856
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $24,799
    fair price
    $191 below market
    • 61,271 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Greensboro, NC / 1,108 miles away from Austin, TX

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBXY5N0637544
    Stock: 8DCC5N
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-20-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-5
    $28,570
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    Excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,420 destination charge (Alaska $1,465). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • Price Drop
    $22,898
    fair price
    $405 below market
    • 26,386 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Hamilton, NJ / 1,472 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Low Mileage,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Lane Keepin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM7M0480200
    Stock: M0480200U
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $24,998
    fair price
    $686 below market
    • 30,348 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Buena Park, CA / 1,213 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBDM0M1486915
    Stock: 27280663
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 17,295 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NJ to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Sicklersville, NJ / 1,441 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM2P0248317
    Stock: 26866780
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $26,137
    fair price
    $39 above market
    • 27,260 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Roanoke, VA / 1,132 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Lane Kee...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBBL2R0465927
    Stock: R0465927P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $19,597
    good price
    $1,279 below market
    • 61,564 miles
    • 3 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Troy, MI / 1,174 miles away from Austin, TX

    Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Premium Sound,Sunroof / Moonroof...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM7L0861477
    Stock: L0861477T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 295 - 315 out of 1,432 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mazda CX-5

Read recent reviews for the Mazda CX-5
Overall Consumer Rating
4.3 out of 5 stars1,320 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 1320 reviews
  • 5 star
    (62%)
  • 4 star
    (20%)
  • 3 star
    (9%)
  • 2 star
    (4%)
  • 1 star
    (4%)
5 out of 5 stars

Nice mountain car

DFW, 01/26/2025
2024 Mazda CX-5
Recently purchased a CX-5 Signature for normal commuting in and around a high altitude mountain town. After test-driving a competitor compact SUV in the class, we found the CX-5 to have excellent visibility, with a quiet ride, and confident handling on our curvy roads. The AWD has performed very well in the snow. The turbo engine is the way to go, at least around the grades we drive on, … and of course, comes with lower gas mileage downside. I like the exterior styling that gives the car a classy, refined and timeless appearance after 9 or 10 iterations. The interior is designed with quality materials and layout and the luxury feel comes through. I find the controls easy to navigate, am not distracted by the heads' up display, and we were able to seamlessly integrate our android phones. The console-display interplay is dated, though we also have a 2019 BMW X3 with iDrive system and therefore no real learning curve. As noted by others, the front seats are on the small side with little side support. For long trips we use the BMW, and definitely something to consider when buying the CX-5, which is hard to judge from short test drives. The rear seat heating with controls in the center backseat pulldown, along with USB and cupholders, is a nice design feature for passengers. There is enough rear cargo space to ferry around our two medium sized dogs, although they do need to be athletic to jump in as the car sits up fairly high. We haven't had enough experience with the remote starting and phone app, but do like the key sensing that locks and opens the door on exit and entrance. Overall, we are pretty happy with the purchase.
Report abuse
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius50 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.