Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
200 listings
  • New Listing
    • 15,550 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Tampa (350 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 350 miles away from Macon, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM72M0457616
    Stock: 2003644976
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-10-2025

  • $24,998
    fair price
    $654 above market
    • 45,582 miles
    • 4 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax Louisville (382 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Louisville, KY / 382 miles away from Macon, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM71M0456005
    Stock: 26961007
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 21,476 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in New York City, NY / 772 miles away from Macon, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM73H0109801
    Stock: 2003650716
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-11-2025

  • Stock photo**
    • 61,192 miles
    • Salvage reported, 4 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl manual
    • City Automotive Center (337 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 337 miles away from Macon, GA

    The car is AvailableThe price does not include paperworkCity Automotive CenterAddress: 5725 S Orange Blossom Trail Orlando FL 32839Phone: (4**) 8*...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAL70H0101561
    Stock: 101561
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-28-2025

    • 28,212 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from KS to GA*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Wichita, KS / 824 miles away from Macon, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM73K0303297
    Stock: 27166176
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 74,851 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Royal South Toyota (457 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Bloomington, IN / 457 miles away from Macon, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM79H0107440
    Stock: 911531
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-09-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 45,452 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl manual
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Bellevue, WA / 2,233 miles away from Macon, GA

    Low Mileage,High Demand,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Leather Seats,Navigation System,Premium Sound,Satellite R...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM73H0102279
    Stock: H0102279A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 10,656 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from VA to GA*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 513 miles away from Macon, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM76K0304606
    Stock: 26663469
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 18,150 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl manual
    • Kings Mazda (444 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 444 miles away from Macon, GA

    Certified. LEATHER SEATS, HEATED FRONT SEATS, HANDS FREE BLUETOOTH, CRUISE CONTROL, MAZDA CERTIFIED, MP3, 3-Level Heated Front Bucket Seats, AppLink/A...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM76M0454007
    Stock: M0454007
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

    • 26,521 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Subaru of Spartanburg (180 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Spartanburg, SC / 180 miles away from Macon, GA

    4-Wheel Disc Brakes, 9 Speakers, ABS brakes, Air Conditioning, Alloy wheels, AM/FM radio: SiriusXM, BOSE Audio System, Brake assist, Bumpers: body-col...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAL75K0301603
    Stock: XK0301603
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2025

  • New Listing
    • 22,717 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to GA*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 889 miles away from Macon, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM71H0100580
    Stock: 27041217
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 59,358 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Auto Boutique Florida (223 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 223 miles away from Macon, GA

    Auto Boutique is proud to offer excellent, pre-owned vehicles. With our no haggle pricing policy you can be sure you're getting the best deal possible...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM7XM0456097
    Stock: 18146
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-30-2025

  • New Listing
    • 73,787 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl manual
    • Gem Mazda of Tallahassee (170 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tallahassee, FL / 170 miles away from Macon, GA

    Vehicle DetailsGet ready to experience the thrill of driving with this pristine 2019 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF Grand Touring! With zero miles on the...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM7XK0301899
    Stock: P2107
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-21-2025

    • 99,617 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Autohouse (343 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 343 miles away from Macon, GA

    2017 MAZDA MIATA MX-5 WITH 99K MILES - HARD TOP CONVERTIBLE - BRANDED TITILE DUE TO A SIDE SWIPE ACCIDENT - STOP BY FOR A TEST DRIVE OR GIVE US A CALL...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAL75H0103726
    Stock: 3904
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2024

  • New Listing
    • 27,736 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax Tampa (341 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 341 miles away from Macon, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM77M0457806
    Stock: 27406774
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 71,499 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Miracle Motor Mart East (492 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 492 miles away from Macon, GA

    Solid and stately, this 2017 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF will envelope you in well- engineered charm and security. With a Premium Unleaded I-4 2.0 L/122 engin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM7XH0107625
    Stock: H0107625
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-30-2024

  • New Listing
    • 50,380 miles
    • 4cyl manual
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NM to GA*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Albuquerque, NM / 1,310 miles away from Macon, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM72H0100751
    Stock: 27114498
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 86,852 miles
    • Salvage reported, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Bautista Auto Sales (415 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Greenville, NC / 415 miles away from Macon, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM74H0100122
    Stock: 12429
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2024

  • $28,374
    good price
    $1,073 below market
    • 14,243 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Sullivan Cadillac (276 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Ocala, FL / 276 miles away from Macon, GA

    CARFAX One-Owner. Machine Gray Metallic 2022 Mazda Miata RF Grand Touring 2.0L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V 6-Speed Automatic RWD All Weather Floor Mats, Cargo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM77N0501949
    Stock: C24L268A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-08-2025

  • $29,264
    good price
    $602 below market
    • 10,688 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl manual
    • Scott Clark Toyota (236 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Matthews, NC / 236 miles away from Macon, GA

    **PRICE REDUCED!, **LIFETIME LIMITED WARRANTY, **CLEAN CARFAX, **ONE OWNER, **BACK UP CAMERA.Standard & Optional Features: 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, 9 Spea...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM72N0505794
    Stock: 60574A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $23,991
    fair price
    $539 below market
    • 27,060 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Headquarter Mazda (326 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Clermont, FL / 326 miles away from Macon, GA

    CLEAN CARFAX, **LEATHER**. Odometer is 13246 miles below market average! 26/35 City/Highway MPGWe are conveniently located just a few minutes West of ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (26 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM1NDAM73L0411825
    Stock: SN355742A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-26-2025

Showing 64 - 84 out of 200 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mazda MX-5 Miata RF

Read recent reviews for the Mazda MX-5 Miata RF
Overall Consumer Rating
4.6 out of 5 stars28 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 28 reviews
  • 5 star
    (82%)
  • 4 star
    (11%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (7%)
5 out of 5 stars

Zoom, Zoom Just Got More Fun

Tiff, 02/19/2017
2017 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF Launch Edition 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6M)
If you are looking for an extremely fun, beautiful, versatile roadster then purchase the 2017 MX-5 RF Launch Edition Mazda. I made my purchase on 2/9/17 and am already addicted to this car. I actually crave driving it (I've never craved driving a car before!). Don't worry about the professional reviews of the cons being that the RF is of a heavier weight (due to hardtop) than the soft … top, that only part of the roof stows away and that there are blind spots. The heavier weight is not noticed at all when driving on city/hwy roads. Maybe if one were to take the MX-5 RF onto a race track one might notice a nano-second difference in 0-60 time but how much race track driving will one be doing (for most of us, very little if any). That only the top portion of the roof stows away is in my mind a pro not a con. As another reviewer noted, he was able to enjoy driving with the top down when the temp was in the 40's. I experienced the same thing. Initially thought I'd have to wait for warmer days to drive with the top down but was able to do so very comfortably when the temp was in the 50's so in my mind this is a plus as I'll be able to enjoy more driving days with the top down. Don't worry about the blind spots (all cars have blind spots) and b/c this car is loaded with safety features that lets you know if someone is in your blind spot and when you wander past lane markers etc (not that I lane-wander when driving, but it's nice to have these alerts). If anything, with all the electronic alerts (that you can adjust to your liking) your blind spots have been essentially neutralized. Cons: I owned 2 RX-7's back in the day & miss the extra room they offered but for the money and intended purpose of the car, this car is the best in its price range currently available. Another potential con would be that if you are over 6' then you might find the cabin a bit cramped. I'm not, so I'm comfortable, but notice that people over 6' don't have a lot of wiggle room in the car. With a Launch Edition, I plan to baby this car so that with time it becomes a 'classic'. Bottom line... This car is a dream to drive and the fun factor is off the charts! :)
Report abuse

Used 2021 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF in Macon, GA Values

Estimated values
2021 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF Grand Touring 2dr Convertible (2.0L 4cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$22,591$24,117$25,661
Clean$22,170$23,613$25,068
Average$21,467$22,773$24,079
Rough$20,553$21,681$22,794

The average list price of a used 2021 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF in Macon, Georgia is $23,636. The average mileage on a used Mazda MX-5 Miata RF 2021 for sale in Macon, Georgia is 42,456. Based on the average mileage of 42,456 for used 2021 Mazda MX-5 Miata RF for sale in Macon, GA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mazda MX-5 Miata RF 2021 in Macon, Georgia to be $21,467.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.