Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
811 listings
  • $9,495
    fair price
    $1,663 below market
    • 93,212 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Twin City Auto Mall (430 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Bloomington, IL / 430 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Come and check out this great 2017 Jeep Patriot Sport. Great condition inside and outside! Features include: Air Conditioning; Available; Power Steeri...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJRBB3HD181511
    Stock: 181511
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • $9,495
    good price
    $1,363 below market
    • 94,070 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Twin City Auto Mall (430 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Bloomington, IL / 430 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Come and check out this great One Owner 2017 Jeep Patriot Sport. Great condition inside and outside! Features include: Air Conditioning; Available; Po...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBA3HD207763
    Stock: 207763
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-15-2025

  • $7,511
    good price
    $1,119 below market
    • 126,735 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats
    • Bartlesville Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (439 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Upgraded Engine
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Bartlesville, OK / 439 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFB9HD184850
    Stock: P5182B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • $9,995
    fair price
    $789 above market
    • 116,584 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • King City Chrysler Center (282 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Mount Vernon, IL / 282 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Clean. Heated Seats, Sunroof, Bluetooth®, iPod/MP3 Input, Satellite Radio, Alloy Wheels, PARKVIEW REAR BACK-UP CAMERA, ENGINE: 2.0L I4 DOHC 16V DUAL V...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA8HD101884
    Stock: CZ767B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-12-2025

  • $10,615
    fair price
    $719 above market
    • 86,610 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Performance Kings Honda (427 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 427 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    This *2017 Jeep Patriot High Altitude* is loaded with convenient features like: Leather, Recent Trade, Moonroof, Heated Seats, Remote Start, Alloy-Whe...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA4HD172774
    Stock: HD172774
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-24-2025

  • Price Drop
    $9,200
    fair price
    $24 above market
    • 118,783 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Fritz in Fishers (423 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Fishers, IN / 423 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    This 2017 Jeep Patriot High Altitude, comes equipped with some nice features, these include bluetooth compatibility, satellite radio, AUX port, remote...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA5HD152789
    Stock: 12971
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

    • 67,629 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • McCluskey Chevrolet (427 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 427 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA3HD132735
    Stock: A55832GT
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-29-2025

  • New Listing
    • 121,757 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Atlanta (248 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 248 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBB4HD203617
    Stock: 2003744949
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-20-2025

  • New Listing
    • 64,009 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Charlotte (455 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 455 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBB6HD171074
    Stock: 2003747965
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-28-2025

  • New Listing
    • 15,610 miles
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Winston-Salem (491 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Winston Salem, NC / 491 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJRFB0HD107716
    Stock: 27248707
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 96,686 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • DriveTime of West Indianapolis (410 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 410 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA7HD169111
    Stock: 1770014303
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-09-2025

  • New Listing
    • 66,747 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Indianapolis (408 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 408 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJRFB1HD137033
    Stock: 2003624425
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-03-2025

  • New Listing
    • 74,853 miles
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Charlotte (455 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 455 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA0HD132191
    Stock: 2003626551
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

    • 85,098 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Plano DriveTime (466 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 466 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBB5HD201889
    Stock: 1040280148
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-22-2024

  • New Listing
    • 96,592 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG, Manual
    • Salvage Reseller West (487 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Grand Prairie, TX / 487 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    This vehicle is located at Brighton, CO Copart yard. Join our online auctions to see its final price. All purchases must take place online at www.salv...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBB0HD208815
    Stock: 57531115
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-06-2025

  • New Listing
    • Not provided
    • 2 accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Salvage Reseller West (487 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Grand Prairie, TX / 487 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    This vehicle is located at Sacramento, CA Copart yard. All purchases must take place online at www.salvagereseller.com. Visit our website to learn mor...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBA1HD212525
    Stock: 42282895
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-03-2025

    • 131,280 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Happy Cars and Credit Center (466 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 466 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    2016 Jeep Patriot Sport SUV 4DNo Accidents ReportedService HistoryPersonal VehiclePrior Certified Pre-Owned<<<We are OPEN to all REASONABLE O...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBA3GD679332
    Stock: 679332
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 145,176 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Autos of Dallas - Irving (483 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Irving, TX / 483 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Billet Silver Metallic Clearcoat 2016 Jeep Patriot Sport FWD CVT 2.0L I4 DOHC 16V Dual VVT Dark Slate Gray Cloth.22/26 City/Highway MPG

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBA8GD669685
    Stock: 669685
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-17-2025

  • $7,245
    great price
    $2,061 below market
    • 106,450 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Good Budget Auto (423 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Fairfield, OH / 423 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    GOOD BUDGET AUTO4551 DIXIE HWY, FAIRFIELD, OH 45014PHONE# +1 (513) 997-7779EMAIL: INFO@GOODBUDGETAUTO.COMWEBSITE: goodbudgetauto.comFINANCING AND SPEC...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPFA1GD731552
    Stock: 731552
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $6,499
    good price
    $1,950 below market
    • 102,788 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Friendship Chevrolet GMC of Forest City (395 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Upgraded Engine
    Close

    Located in Forest City, NC / 395 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJPBB0GD583442
    Stock: 13U0988A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-06-2025

  • $10,000
    good price
    $1,528 below market
    • 81,293 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Interstate Ford (448 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Miamisburg, OH / 448 miles away from Tupelo, MS

    Clean CARFAX.Billet Silver Metallic Clearcoat 2016 Jeep Patriot Sport SE Odometer is 17626 miles below market average! 20/26 City/Highway MPGNo Ac...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4NJRBB1GD663747
    Stock: GD663747
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 811 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jeep Patriot

Read recent reviews for the Jeep Patriot
Overall Consumer Rating
3.6 out of 5 stars36 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 36 reviews
  • 5 star
    (39%)
  • 4 star
    (25%)
  • 3 star
    (8%)
  • 2 star
    (8%)
  • 1 star
    (19%)
4 out of 5 stars

A Tough Little Jeep

Jerry, 04/10/2017
2017 Jeep Patriot Sport 4dr SUV 4WD (2.4L 4cyl 5M)
We have owned the Patriot for over a year. Having last owned a Grand Cherokee, the Patriot does not ride as smooth or quiet, but it is satisfactory. Handling and braking are superb. The 2.4 liter has plenty of power for passing. Mileage is consistently around 26 mpg. Being FWD/4X4 makes for great traction on snow and ice in the mountains where live (elevation 3,000'). Our big dogs fit … comfortably in the back. We are about to endeavor in full-time motor home travel with the Patriot as a "toad". At 3,600# it is just right for towing on a dolly and should give us great service for all climates and terrain. The six speed/manual transmission allows for downshifting on mountain roads without excessive braking as the "flat-landers" tend to do. So far, no issues to complain about. For the money, the Patriot is a good buy.
Report abuse

Used 2017 Jeep Patriot in Tupelo, MS Values

Estimated values
2017 Jeep Patriot Sport SE 4dr SUV 4WD (2.4L 4cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$5,889$9,235$11,795
Clean$5,626$8,807$11,229
Average$5,188$8,094$10,286
Rough$4,618$7,167$9,060

The average list price of a used 2017 Jeep Patriot in Tupelo, Mississippi is $10,469. The average mileage on a used Jeep Patriot 2017 for sale in Tupelo, Mississippi is 90,093. Based on the average mileage of 90,093 for used 2017 Jeep Patriot for sale in Tupelo, MS and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jeep Patriot 2017 in Tupelo, Mississippi to be $5,188.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.