Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
229 listings
    • 86,085 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Fast Track Motors (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Paterson, NJ / 14 miles away from New York, NY

    Step into luxury with our 2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe 450 4MATIC, a stunning example of elegance in a sleek Black finish. This exquisite vehicle, equ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB3GA019312
    Stock: FT07758
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-23-2025

    • 62,816 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Turn Auto Mall (16 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in New Hyde Park, NY / 16 miles away from New York, NY

    IIHS Top Safety Pick+. Only 62,816 Miles! Delivers 23 Highway MPG and 17 City MPG! This MERCEDES-BENZ GLE delivers a Twin Turbo Premium Unleaded V-6 3...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB9HA084053
    Stock: TU1990
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2025

    • 102,728 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Rev Auto Wholesalers (13 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Paterson, NJ / 13 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB8GA011965
    Stock: 011965
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 71,340 miles
    • No accidents, 6 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Lynnes Subaru (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bloomfield, NJ / 11 miles away from New York, NY

    This 2017 Mercedes-Benz GLE has passed the Lynnes comprehensive 172 point inspection with flying colors. Our ASE certified technicians have inspected ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB3HA084355
    Stock: SE3209P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

    • 62,816 miles
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • South Shore Mitsubishi (23 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Freeport, NY / 23 miles away from New York, NY

    IIHS Top Safety Pick+. Only 62,816 Miles! Scores 23 Highway MPG and 17 City MPG! This Mercedes-Benz GLE delivers a Twin Turbo Premium Unleaded V-6 3.0...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB9HA084052
    Stock: TU1990
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-28-2025

    • 54,716 miles
    • 2 accidents, 6 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 14 City / 18 Hwy MPG
    • CarTopia (25 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in North Plainfield, NJ / 25 miles away from New York, NY

    This Mercedes-Benz won't be on the lot long! It comes equipped with all the standard amenities for your driving enjoyment. A turbocharger further enha...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (14 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED7FB3HA056401
    Stock: C4172A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-20-2025

  • Price Drop
    Stock photo**
    • 29,231 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Lynnes Subaru (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bloomfield, NJ / 11 miles away from New York, NY

    This 2017 Mercedes-Benz GLE has passed the Lynnes comprehensive 172 point inspection with flying colors. Our ASE certified technicians have inspected ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB0HA062295
    Stock: SE3189P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-20-2025

    • 45,381 miles
    • 2 accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Excel Auto Lounge (44 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Hightstown, NJ / 44 miles away from New York, NY

    White 2017 Mercedes-Benz GLE GLE 43 AMG® Coupe 4MATIC® 4MATIC® 9-Speed Automatic 3.0L Bi-Turbo V6Odometer is 32963 miles below market average!Awar...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB2HA061858
    Stock: HA061858
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 54,440 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Silver Star Motors (4 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Long Island City, NY / 4 miles away from New York, NY

    CALL FOR MORE INFORMATION! Non-Certified Pre-owned Mercedes-Benz and off-brand vehicles are advertised with one key only!, 2nd Seat Row Pass-Through, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB3HA080810
    Stock: U19711
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-10-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 95,725 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • The Car House NJ (25 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Butler, NJ / 25 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB4HA066933
    Stock: 066933
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 70,732 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Price Wise Auto Sale (16 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Linden, NJ / 16 miles away from New York, NY

    Welcome to Price Wise Auto, where we're committed to making car ownership accessible for everyone. Whether you have excellent credit, poor credit, no ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB0GA024127
    Stock: GA024127
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 74,511 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Fast Track Motors (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Paterson, NJ / 14 miles away from New York, NY

    MERCEDES BENZ GLE43!!! AMG!!! 4MATIC!!! TURBOCHARGED!!! ALL WHEEL DRIVE!!! LEATHER INTERIOR...HEATED SEATS...COOLED SEATS...POWER SEATS...MEMORY SEATS...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB8JA092876
    Stock: FT07984
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-22-2025

    • 73,495 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Elite Automall (6 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Ridgewood, NY / 6 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB0HA056464
    Stock: 056464
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 65,202 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Kings Point Auto (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Great Neck, NY / 14 miles away from New York, NY

    Thank you for your interest! Here at Kings Point Auto, our philosophy & buying process is simple & easy. The price you see is the price you pay. No hi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB0GA011118
    Stock: 011118
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • New Listing
    • 60,785 miles
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to NY*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 1,428 miles away from New York, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB3GA035557
    Stock: 27625652
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 47,458 miles
    • 3 accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Lexus of Brooklyn (8 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Brooklyn, NY / 8 miles away from New York, NY

    Looking for a quality used car? Here's why Lexus of Brooklyn is your top choice: Quality Assurance: Rigorous inspections ensure top-notch quality and ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB1JA098938
    Stock: BX23327
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

    • 69,326 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Yonkers Auto Gallery (17 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Yonkers, NY / 17 miles away from New York, NY

    ABOUT THIS VEHICLE Yonkers Auto Gallery has a wide selection of exceptional pre-owned vehicles to choose from, including this 2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE. ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB6GA021197
    Stock: 021197
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-31-2024

    • 52,968 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • AmityVille Auto Group (31 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Amityville, NY / 31 miles away from New York, NY

    Amityville Auto Group - Dealer Disclaimer All vehicles are sold as-is, unless otherwise stated in writing, and come with no implied warranties under N...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB2GA025389
    Stock: A0081
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-16-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 64,957 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Newton (45 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Newton, NJ / 45 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB7GA016767
    Stock: 250131A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2025

  • New Listing
    • 77,004 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Lynnes Subaru (11 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bloomfield, NJ / 11 miles away from New York, NY

    This 2018 Mercedes-Benz GLE has passed the Lynnes comprehensive 172 point inspection with flying colors. Our ASE certified technicians have inspected ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED6EB6JA119234
    Stock: SE3352P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-30-2025

  • New Listing
    Photos not available
    • 60,322 miles
    • 3 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 14 City / 18 Hwy MPG
    • ArchAuto Edison (28 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Highland Park, NJ / 28 miles away from New York, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    15 Combined MPG (14 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4JGED7FB2GA035540
    Stock: NV035540
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-18-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 229 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe

Read recent reviews for the Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe
Overall Consumer Rating
4.6 out of 5 stars7 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 7 reviews
  • 5 star
    (71%)
  • 4 star
    (14%)
  • 3 star
    (14%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
3 out of 5 stars

Nice Vehicle But Many Annoyances

John S., 10/17/2016
2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC 4dr SUV AWD (5.5L 8cyl Turbo 7A)
The vehicle is fun to drive -- it accelerates fast, handles fast, steers and brakes well, gets reasonable gas mileage, and is quiet and comfortable inside. Unfortunately several design details are pure nonsense and detract from enjoyment of this vehicle: (1) The exhaust outside the car sounds absolutely horrible, like a diesel truck except it's not a diesel (but thankfully it IS quiet … inside the vehicle); (2) the blind-spot detection system cuts off below 20 mph (WHY???), so it's useless when you are in a slow-moving traffic jam; (3) the lane-keeping system is overly sensitive and frequently "jerks" the wheel back, which is scary and almost caused an accident because it so surprised my son when he drove the vehicle; (4) the memory seats aren't linked to your key and don't automatically move to the proper position, so you have to hold the memory button down for 30 seconds every time you change drivers (WHY???); and (5) the navigation system is the worst we have ever encountered (we've had four cars before this). It's incredibly hard to enter information -- the voice control gets confused; writing with your finger is hard; and the wheel keeps jumping back and forth between lines and lists. For example, the voice system simply refuses to recognize me saying "Las Vegas" no matter how many times I say it or how clearly I enunciate it. Really. There are so few towns here, how does it get "Reno" when I said "Las Vegas"? Oh, and once you enter the address, it asks you to "continue" and you think the route guidance has started ... WRONG! You still have to press "Start" and many times I've lost all my work by forgetting this and clicking something else. In short, by the time you get the address entered, you've already arrived. The map also doesn't display your next turn or the distance to the turn until you're practically on it, when it's too late. Using an iPhone is MUCH easier. And yes, we've been back to Mercedes on these issues, and that's just the way it's designed.
Report abuse

Used 2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe in New York, NY Values

Estimated values
2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe GLE 450 AMG 4MATIC 4dr SUV AWD (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 9A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$24,858$27,610$29,603
Clean$24,064$26,666$28,523
Average$22,741$25,091$26,724
Rough$21,021$23,045$24,386

The average list price of a used 2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe in New York, New York is $32,107. The average mileage on a used Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe 2016 for sale in New York, New York is 65,811. Based on the average mileage of 65,811 for used 2016 Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe for sale in New York, NY and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class Coupe 2016 in New York, New York to be $22,741.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.