Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
882 listings
    • 59,332 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IL to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Schaumburg, IL / 440 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2NR2CA6KC551268
    Stock: 27346300
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    • 150,906 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Integrity Mazda (88 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Chattanooga, TN / 88 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2DR2CA2KC598826
    Stock: M24232A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-23-2025

  • New Listing
    • 52,498 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Atlanta (181 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 181 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2ER2CA0MC549714
    Stock: 2003687798
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-19-2025

  • New Listing
    • 48,759 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Atlanta (181 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 181 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2PR2CA3MC569416
    Stock: 2003774391
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Volkswagen Atlas
    $38,200*
    starting MSRP
    • 5 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 1 Package
    View Offers 
    * Starting MSRP of $37,190 for a 2025 Volkswagen Atlas Cross Sport SE 2.0L TSI® with 8-speed automatic transmission. Prices exclude destination, taxes, title, other options, and dealer charges. Dealer sets actual price.
    • 69,648 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • City Auto Mitsubishi (3 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Murfreesboro, TN / 3 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Vehicle DetailsDiscover the perfect blend of style, comfort, and performance with this exceptional 2021 Volkswagen Atlas 2.0T SEL Premium with...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2TP2CA4MC540737
    Stock: 510205
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-16-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 131,455 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Hull Dobbs Ford (153 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 153 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2ER2CA1KC553705
    Stock: SGB64951A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-15-2025

    • 94,864 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • National Auto Warehouse (129 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Knoxville, TN / 129 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2WR2CA7KC578936
    Stock: KC578936
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    • 110,450 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Barnes Crossing Mitsubishi (163 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Saltillo, MS / 163 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Vehicle DetailsExperience the perfect blend of style, comfort, and power with this stunning 2019 Volkswagen Atlas 3.6L V6 SEL Premium AWD! This except...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2NR2CA9KC535162
    Stock: N10251A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-11-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Volkswagen Atlas
    $38,200*
    starting MSRP
    • 5 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 1 Package
    View Offers 
    * Starting MSRP of $37,190 for a 2025 Volkswagen Atlas Cross Sport SE 2.0L TSI® with 8-speed automatic transmission. Prices exclude destination, taxes, title, other options, and dealer charges. Dealer sets actual price.
    • 71,060 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Multi Autos (187 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Lilburn, GA / 187 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    Drives great, Smooth ride

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2ER2CA0KC555820
    Stock: 555820
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2025

    • 32,031 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Pompano Beach, FL / 757 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2WR2CA3KC560000
    Stock: 27309855
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 37,901 miles
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from VA to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Sterling, VA / 541 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2UR2CA1KC507870
    Stock: 27275868
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 30,359 miles
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Roseville, CA / 1,912 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2UR2CA1KC521865
    Stock: 26963075
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Volkswagen Atlas
    $38,200*
    starting MSRP
    • 5 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 1 Package
    View Offers 
    * Starting MSRP of $37,190 for a 2025 Volkswagen Atlas Cross Sport SE 2.0L TSI® with 8-speed automatic transmission. Prices exclude destination, taxes, title, other options, and dealer charges. Dealer sets actual price.
  • New Listing
    • 67,001 miles
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 1,924 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2DR2CA3KC566306
    Stock: 2003702493
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-20-2025

    • 88,111 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Hickory, NC / 289 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2UR2CA0KC622086
    Stock: 26892683
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 100,336 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • James Motor Co (134 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Greenfield, TN / 134 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    This is a 1 Owner with regular oil changes documented on carfax. It comes highly equipped with heated & cooled leather, heated rear seats, 2nd row buc...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2NR2CA7KC597238
    Stock: 4654
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-22-2025

  • $9,488
    great price
    $3,138 below market
    • 127,401 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Birmingham Mitsubishi (154 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 154 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2GR2CA4JC526506
    Stock: N018168B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-24-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Volkswagen Atlas
    $38,200*
    starting MSRP
    • 5 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 1 Package
    View Offers 
    * Starting MSRP of $37,190 for a 2025 Volkswagen Atlas Cross Sport SE 2.0L TSI® with 8-speed automatic transmission. Prices exclude destination, taxes, title, other options, and dealer charges. Dealer sets actual price.
    • 69,217 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MS to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Jackson, MS / 318 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2UR2CA3KC509779
    Stock: 27217713
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 83,325 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Laurel, MD / 575 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2ER2CA8KC599354
    Stock: 27249493
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 86,559 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to TN*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Denton, TX / 633 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2WP2CA4KC594341
    Stock: 27253492
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 66,320 miles
    • 6 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CT to TN*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in East Haven, CT / 824 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2LR2CA9KC511211
    Stock: 26924899
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 56,656 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 1,924 miles away from Murfreesboro, TN

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1V2WR2CA2KC619554
    Stock: 2003726807
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-15-2025

Showing 148 - 168 out of 882 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Volkswagen Atlas

Read recent reviews for the Volkswagen Atlas
Overall Consumer Rating
3.8 out of 5 stars85 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 85 reviews
  • 5 star
    (52%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (4%)
  • 2 star
    (11%)
  • 1 star
    (15%)
5 out of 5 stars

Legroom

Craig N, 03/26/2019
2019 Volkswagen Atlas V6 SEL Premium 4MOTION 4dr SUV AWD (3.6L 6cyl 8A)
I'm 6'4" and can comfortably sit behind myself, don't know any other car or SUV where that is possible. Bought it on the spot just because of this. I've carried 8 people comfortably and loaded cargo that I couldn't believe it could swallow. Fully loaded it's every bit as good as an Audi and $20k less, so it's a bargain. Adaptive cruise is a treat, only complaint is that it has a … very small gas tank. Range is only 350 miles on a full tank. Compared to a Suburban or Expedition it's a sports car. Black wheels on 20" tires look the part. Had it a year and very pleased.
Report abuse

Used 2019 Volkswagen Atlas in Murfreesboro, TN Values

Estimated values
2019 Volkswagen Atlas V6 SEL Premium 4MOTION 4dr SUV AWD (3.6L 6cyl 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$20,546$22,600$24,427
Clean$19,920$21,905$23,669
Average$18,876$20,748$22,407
Rough$17,520$19,242$20,766

The average list price of a used 2019 Volkswagen Atlas in Murfreesboro, Tennessee is $22,796. The average mileage on a used Volkswagen Atlas 2019 for sale in Murfreesboro, Tennessee is 77,819. Based on the average mileage of 77,819 for used 2019 Volkswagen Atlas for sale in Murfreesboro, TN and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Volkswagen Atlas 2019 in Murfreesboro, Tennessee to be $18,876.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.