Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
319 listings
    • 40,441 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from VA to TX*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Winchester, VA / 1,068 miles away from Tyler, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13AW02NFM07909
    Stock: 27240889
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 56,148 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Herrin-Gear BMW of Jackson (300 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Jackson, MS / 300 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Mineral White Metallic 2022 BMW 4 Series M440i xDrive AWD 8-Speed Automatic Sport I6 **LOCAL TRADE**, **ONE OWNER**, **CLEAN CARFAX**, Active Park Dis...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13AW06NFL48282
    Stock: B11515A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-01-2025

    • 33,605 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Cardenas BMW (447 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Harlingen, TX / 447 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA63AV0XNFN03293
    Stock: BW25117A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 29,658 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • BMW of McKinney (99 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in McKinney, TX / 99 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Sunroof, Navigation, Leather Interior, Power Liftgate, Apple CarPlay, All Wheel Drive, Alloy Wheels, PARKING ASSISTANCE PACKAGE, SHADOWLINE PACKAGE, B...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13AW05NFM17933
    Stock: P1514A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-09-2025

    • 64,447 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Seattle, WA / 1,763 miles away from Tyler, TX

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Rare Find,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Keyle...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13AW01NFM22756
    Stock: FM22756BG
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 35,963 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • One Legacy Motors (100 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Carrollton, TX / 100 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Don't miss this great BMW! It offers the latest in technological innovation and style. The engine breathes better thanks to a turbocharger, improving ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA63AV07NFM73220
    Stock: M73220L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

    • 7,005 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Autos of Dallas - Plano (98 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 98 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Sport Line, Premium Pkg, Navigation, Back-Up Camera, Sun Roof, Heated Seats, Keyless Go, Parktronic, Blind Spot Monitor, Heads-Up Display, 18" Wheels,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA33FB03SFT73941
    Stock: T73941
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-11-2025

    • 9,886 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Autobahn BMW (123 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Fort Worth, TX / 123 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Skyscraper Gray Metallic 2025 BMW 4 Series 430i Gran Coupe Heated wheel + Live Cockpit + 3D View RWD 8-Speed Automatic Sport CARFAX One-Owner. Clean C...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA23FB00SFT92040
    Stock: SFT92040
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

    • 32,999 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Passport Motors (95 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 95 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AMBIENT LIGHTING HEATED FRONT SEATS HEATED STEERING WHEEL LUMBAR SUPPORT DRIVER PREMIUM PACKAGE Discover the Ultimate Driving Experience with the 2023...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA73AV05PFN98062
    Stock: N98062
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2024

    • 15,916 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • eCarOne (98 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 98 miles away from Tyler, TX

    430i xDrive GC: M SPORT PKG... PREM PKG... PARKING ASST PKG... HEAD-UP DISPLAY... 19" WHLS, $6K OPTS. |We are proud to offer this 2025 BMW 4 Series ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA33FB0XSFU23928
    Stock: PSFU23928
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

    • 9,919 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Go Luxury Auto Group (94 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 94 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner.2025 BMW 4 Series 430i Gran Coupe AWD 4D Hatchback 2.0L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V Tur...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA33FB04SFU22581
    Stock: A22581
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-13-2025

  • Price Drop
    $38,500
    good price
    $2,973 below market
    • 24,537 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • BMW of Topeka (462 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Topeka, KS / 462 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Aristocrat Motors Topeka makes car buying easy by providing a friendly and helpful staff, online tools allowing customers to complete a purchase onlin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA63AV09PFP26928
    Stock: P3460
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-25-2024

  • New Listing
    • 38,100 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Passport Motors (95 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 95 miles away from Tyler, TX

    AMBIENT LIGHTING APPLE CARPLAY & ANDROID AUTO COMPATIBILITY APPLE CARPLAY COMPATIBILITY BMW ASSIST ECALL BMW TELESERVICES CONNECTEDDRIVE SERVICES HEAT...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA73AV01PFN88712
    Stock: N88712
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-22-2024

    • 27,218 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Clay Cooley Chrysler Jeep Dodge (101 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Irving, TX / 101 miles away from Tyler, TX

    ** Alloy Wheels / Premium Wheels, ** Apple CarPlay / Android Auto, ** Backup Camera / Parking Sensors, ** Bluetooth, Hands-Free, ** Brake Assist, ** C...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA13AW01PFN58761
    Stock: PFN58761
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $25,990
    fair price
    $163 below market
    • 59,884 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Carvana - Oklahoma City (251 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 251 miles away from Tyler, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (21 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4J5C52KBM66598
    Stock: 2003598185
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

    • 12,961 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • BMW of Columbia (487 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Columbia, MO / 487 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Back Up Camera, Heated Seats, Moonroof, Carfax One Owner, 430i Gran Coupe, 4D Hatchback, 2.0L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V Turbocharged, 8-Speed Automatic Spor...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA33FB00SFT99803
    Stock: BU2636
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-15-2025

  • $42,000
    fair price
    $886 above market
    • 19,984 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Minnetonka, MN / 879 miles away from Tyler, TX

    CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Navigation System,Remote Start,Satellite Radio,Sun...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA73AV08PFN03834
    Stock: S8F39999A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 55,880 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Greg May Honda (124 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Waco, TX / 124 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Recent Arrival! **LOCAL TRADE**, **NON SMOKER**, **VOICE ACTIVATED NAVIGATION**, **MOONROOF**, **ANDROID AUTO**, **APPLE CAR PLAY**, **BLUETOOTH / HAN...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4J3C50KBL08863
    Stock: 14035P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-09-2025

  • New Listing
    $20,994
    fair price
    $863 above market
    • 69,722 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • BMW of Columbia (487 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Columbia, MO / 487 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Recent Arrival! Back Up Camera, Heated Seats, Moonroof, 430i Gran Coupe, 4D Hatchback, 2.0L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V Turbocharged, 8-Speed Automatic Sport,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4J3C59KBL06769
    Stock: B20247A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-05-2025

  • New Listing
    • 56,312 miles
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax Corpus Christi (343 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Corpus Christi, TX / 343 miles away from Tyler, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4J1C50KBM17635
    Stock: 27041477
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 41,000 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Automay Car Sales (257 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 257 miles away from Tyler, TX

    Rebuilt Title! Only 41k Miles!Financing and the Full CARFAX available on automaycarsales.comRuns and Drives GreatApple Carplay/Android AutoHarmon Kard...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (21 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA4J5C56KBM65292
    Stock: M65292
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 64 - 84 out of 319 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe

Read recent reviews for the BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe
Overall Consumer Rating
5 out of 5 stars7 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 7 reviews
  • 5 star
    (100%)
  • 4 star
    (0%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

Sporty Elegance

Cmaygar, 06/17/2022
2022 BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe 430i 4dr Sedan (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
I took delivery on my 2022 Gran Coupe yesterday. First of all, this is a very difficult car to find. There is basically nothing in stock and most cars coming in are spoken for before they get to the dealer. I was fortunate to find one that arrived at the dealer that wasn’t pre-sold. I love this car. The new BMW technology is very intuitive and much better than the former system. The … double LCD screens with the totally electronic gauges is a game changer. The infotainment screens are easily accessible and simple to figure out. The acceleration on this car is excellent. It is QUICK. I was very impressed with the acceleration and handling in the Comfort mode. The ride is quiet, great feel for the road, comfortable and responsive. Standard blind spot monitor, back-up camera and parking assist technology is wonderful. The basic car comes loaded with a laundry list of standard features. There are some excellent options to choose from to customize this car to your needs and desires. The exterior styling of this car is stunning as is the interior. The ambient lighting and cabin layout is comfortable and functional plus luxurious. The hatchback provides a spacious cargo area with rear seats that completely fold down for extra space. What a great feature. I believe that the MSRP pricing on this car is very reasonable for the value. The twin turbo 4 cylinder engine is quite impressive. If you want a luxurious sports car with some added cargo space, this 2022 Gran Coupe will impress you.
Report abuse

Used 2022 BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe in Tyler, TX Values

Estimated values
2022 BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe M440i xDrive 4dr Sedan AWD (3.0L 6cyl Turbo gas/electric mild hybrid 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$35,410$37,168$39,005
Clean$34,818$36,504$38,264
Average$33,830$35,398$37,030
Rough$32,547$33,959$35,425

The average list price of a used 2022 BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe in Tyler, Texas is $38,314. The average mileage on a used BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe 2022 for sale in Tyler, Texas is 35,314. Based on the average mileage of 35,314 for used 2022 BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe for sale in Tyler, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW 4 Series Gran Coupe 2022 in Tyler, Texas to be $33,830.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.