Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
531 listings
  • New Listing
    $25,999
    fair price
    $210 below market
    • 50,636 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Pensacola, FL / 767 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF3XP1103737
    Stock: 8DD7QQ
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

  • New Listing
    $26,206
    fair price
    $7 below market
    • 50,597 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Myers, FL / 775 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF35P1122664
    Stock: 8FVBT4
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • Price Drop
    $33,998
    great price
    $3,165 below market
    • 10,230 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Maplewood, NJ / 296 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Ke...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF35R1139746
    Stock: MDF25297L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 41,301 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 19 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CO to VA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Loveland, CO / 1,567 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF37K1070399
    Stock: 27324441
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $12,995
    fair price
    $671 below market
    • 98,392 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Expo (157 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Manassas, VA / 157 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1ECCFS0HR003828
    Stock: 003828
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $27,590
    fair price
    $553 above market
    • 43,031 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 506 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF34P1049917
    Stock: 2003879987
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 56,584 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Koons of Culpeper (154 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Culpeper, VA / 154 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF37P1064251
    Stock: 37735
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2025

  • New Listing
    • 44,134 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • IAD Auto (155 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Landover, MD / 155 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    2023 Audi Q3 Premium S Line quattro quattro 2.0L 4-Cylinder TFSI WhiteHere at IAD Auto, it is our mission to be the automotive home of drivers in the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF30P1121695
    Stock: IAD11491
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

  • $8,996
    great price
    $1,812 below market
    • 116,169 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • DealHunter Autos (138 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 138 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EFCFS9GR006328
    Stock: 006328
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $36,990
    great price
    $2,585 below market
    • 4,858 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Wholesale (194 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Wilmington, NC / 194 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    Only 4,858 Miles! Boasts 28 Highway MPG and 20 City MPG! This Audi Q3 delivers a Intercooled Turbo Regular Unleaded I-4 2.0 L/121 engine powering this...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF35R1113115
    Stock: 27871
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-04-2025

  • $27,369
    great price
    $2,153 below market
    • 39,518 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Williamsburg Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram (48 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Williamsburg, VA / 48 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX.Progressive Red Metallic quattro 2.0L 4-Cylinder TFSI 8-Speed Automatic with Ti...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF37R1051762
    Stock: U4253
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-26-2025

  • New Listing
    • 106,670 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Apex Motors Dealership (181 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Baltimore, MD / 181 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1JCCFS8HR007933
    Stock: 007933
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $34,781
    good price
    $1,959 below market
    • 3,310 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Bethesda (162 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bethesda, MD / 162 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. Alarm w/Motion Sensor, Audi Advanced Key, Auto-Dimming Power-Folding Exterior Mirrors, Auto-Dimming Rear-View Mirror, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF31R1170052
    Stock: AL00847
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-18-2025

  • $9,600
    good price
    $1,678 below market
    • 118,318 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • HY&Z Motors (195 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Strasburg, VA / 195 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1BCCFS9JR007692
    Stock: 007692
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-22-2025

  • Price Drop
    $35,598
    fair price
    $1,287 below market
    • 7,953 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Maplewood, NJ / 296 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Ke...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF35R1154635
    Stock: MDF25318L
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $34,990
    good price
    $1,822 below market
    • 14,033 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 2,024 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF3XR1137622
    Stock: 2003685331
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-18-2025

  • $13,700
    good price
    $942 below market
    • 93,353 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Platinum Auto Sales (7 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Chesapeake, VA / 7 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    2018 Audi Q3 Premium Compact Luxury with Quattro AWD Drive in comfort and style with this well-equipped 2018 Audi Q3 featuring quattro all-wheel drive...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1ECCFS6JR022082
    Stock: STO022082
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-11-2025

  • Price Drop
    $39,998
    fair price
    $708 below market
    • 6,112 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CO to VA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Loveland, CO / 1,567 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF36R1115648
    Stock: 27400420
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $29,499
    fair price
    $382 above market
    • 40,320 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Tulsa, OK / 1,093 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1DECF34R1053940
    Stock: 8F0YRJ
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

  • New Listing
    $14,350
    fair price
    $976 below market
    • 80,376 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Safford Brown Richmond Volkswagen (92 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 92 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1BCCFS8JR027447
    Stock: M007030A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • New Listing
    • 14,514 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to VA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Irving, TX / 1,201 miles away from Chesapeake, VA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1EECF35R1117388
    Stock: 27325428
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 358 - 378 out of 531 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Audi Q3

Read recent reviews for the Audi Q3
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars37 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 37 reviews
  • 5 star
    (57%)
  • 4 star
    (27%)
  • 3 star
    (5%)
  • 2 star
    (5%)
  • 1 star
    (5%)
5 out of 5 stars

Fantastic vehicle

Karen Keane, 04/13/2021
2021 Audi Q3 Premium Plus S line 4dr SUV AWD w/45 TFSI (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
This is my second Audi Q3, the first being a 2015. I've had many different luxury vehicles, but this car I'm keeping forever. Love the look, comfort, but most importantly the smooth ride, visibility and safe feeling I get whenever I'm driving it. The trunk holds a lot for a small SUV, the car fits in any parking space imaginable and the highway pick up while entering an 'on' ramp with … trucks coming is second to none.
Report abuse

Used 2023 Audi Q3 in Chesapeake, VA Values

Estimated values
2023 Audi Q3 Premium S line 4dr SUV AWD w/45 TFSI (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$24,073$25,427$26,953
Clean$23,802$25,120$26,607
Average$23,350$24,609$26,029
Rough$22,762$23,944$25,278

The average list price of a used 2023 Audi Q3 in Chesapeake, Virginia is $25,713. The average mileage on a used Audi Q3 2023 for sale in Chesapeake, Virginia is 49,543. Based on the average mileage of 49,543 for used 2023 Audi Q3 for sale in Chesapeake, VA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Audi Q3 2023 in Chesapeake, Virginia to be $23,350.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.