Your Privacy

By accessing this website, you acknowledge that Edmunds and its third-party business partners may use cookies, pixels, and similar technologies to collect information about you and your interactions with the website as described in our Privacy Statement; and you agree that your use of the website is subject to our Visitor Agreement.
Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
35 listings
    • 130,812 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Northwest Auto Mall (391 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Spencerport, NY / 391 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Free Carfax report for all vehicles! All vehicles come with a 30-day 1000 mile warranty directly from the dealership. Low mileage vehicles get an eve...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR3CM450567
    Stock: 13308
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $5,475
    fair price
    $200 above market
    • 210,491 miles
    • 3 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Safford Brown Mazda Chantilly (228 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 228 miles away from Charleston, WV

    JUST ARRIVED - DIY (DO IT YOURSELF PROGRAM) - INFINITI EX35 JOURNEY WITH DELUXE TOURING PACKAGE(OPTION LISTED BELOW) - ALLWHEE - BOSE SOUND SYSTEM/19 ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR9BM850938
    Stock: N117574A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-03-2025

  • New Listing
    • 83,991 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Tinley Park (394 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Tinley Park, IL / 394 miles away from Charleston, WV

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1BJ0HR5DM480868
    Stock: 27212722
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $8,994
    great price
    $1,508 below market
    • 113,896 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • PK Auto Sales (230 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 230 miles away from Charleston, WV

    2012 INFINITI EX35 AWD IN GREAT SHAPE INSIDE AND OUT LOADED WITH: **SUNROOF**, **NAVIGATION**, **BACKUP CAMERA**, **LOW MILES**, **LEATHER**, **BLUETO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HRXCM453613
    Stock: 3613PK0380
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $9,490
    good price
    $963 below market
    • 114,905 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Xdrive Autosales (289 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Dearborn Heights, MI / 289 miles away from Charleston, WV

    New in stock, 2012 Infiniti EX35 Journey AWD 4dr Crossover, clean title, this car is in great condition in and out runs perfect no issues at all, well...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR4CM452165
    Stock: 452165
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-27-2024

  • Price Drop
    $10,495
    good price
    $1,222 below market
    • 89,158 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • The Warehouse Chester Springs (343 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Chester Springs, PA / 343 miles away from Charleston, WV

    ABOUT THIS VEHICLE GOOD TIRES, GOOD BRAKES, EX35 Journey, 4D Sport Utility, 3.5L V6 DOHC 24V, 7-Speed Automatic, AWD, Black Obsidian, Wheat Leather, 1...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR1CM450471
    Stock: CS2266
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • Price Drop
    $12,109
    fair price
    $219 below market
    • 73,908 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Wiz Autos (492 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Stratford, CT / 492 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Tax, title, registration, destination and acquisitions fees and $995 dealer conveyance fees (which is subject to negotiation) not included in prices s...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR4CM450836
    Stock: 108647
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-09-2025

  • $10,995
    fair price
    $50 below market
    • 102,849 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Premier Automotive Group (153 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Milford, OH / 153 miles away from Charleston, WV

    UP FOR SALE IS A 2012 INFINITI EX35 !!! ONE OWNER !!! 40 SERVICE RECORDS !!! AUTOMATIC, ALL WHEEL DRIVE, NAVIGATION, BACK UP CAMERA, POWER WINDOWS, PO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR5CM450277
    Stock: 450277
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

  • $11,900
    fair price
    $182 above market
    • 89,131 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Tommys Quality Used Cars (325 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Guthrie, KY / 325 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Vehicle Overview Price plus tax, title, license and processing fees. Vehicle maybe sold without notice. Please contact dealer to confirm availabilit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR7CM452063
    Stock: CM452063
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-08-2025

  • New Listing
    $8,995
    fair price
    $241 below market
    • 137,651 miles
    • 3 accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Colonial Motors (334 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Smyrna, DE / 334 miles away from Charleston, WV

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR8CM452041
    Stock: 452041
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-20-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $11,500
    fair price
    $704 below market
    • 79,233 miles
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • McGrath Acura of Libertyville (428 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Libertyville, IL / 428 miles away from Charleston, WV

    *Elevate your driving experience with this 2012 INFINITI EX35 Journey, a luxurious compact crossover SUV finished in a bold Black Obsidian exterior* T...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR2CM451614
    Stock: XBP7242A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $10,898
    fair price
    $205 above market
    • 110,000 miles
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • King Kia of Laurel (263 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Laurel, MD / 263 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Recent Arrival! Visit our BRAND NEW FACILITY, conveniently located at 14921 Baltimore Ave, Laurel, MD 20707, or give us a call at 3**-2**-8***, and le...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR2CM453105
    Stock: LM453105
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-20-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 125,310 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Springfield, OR / 2,164 miles away from Charleston, WV

    High Demand,Rare Find,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Lane Departure Warning,Lane Keeping Assist,L...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR4CM450707
    Stock: T450707
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $6,597
    great price
    $2,644 below market
    • 143,039 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Darmax Auto (228 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 228 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Visit Darmax Auto to shop our great deals. You can contact us or call 7**-3**-0*** to schedule your test drive today.** ADVERTISED PRICE EXCLUDES $89...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1BJ0HR1DM480284
    Stock: DAS0284
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 10-27-2024

    • 138,601 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Budget City Automotives (350 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Conyers, GA / 350 miles away from Charleston, WV

    Visit Budget City Automotives, LLC online at www.bcitya.com to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 7**-6**-1*** today to schedule your ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HPXCM400599
    Stock: EVERTHING-1-OWNER
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-22-2025

    • 92,465 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Rob Co Automotive (315 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Springfield, TN / 315 miles away from Charleston, WV

    2012 INFINITI EXE5! 3.5L / 6CYL / AWD! ALUMINUM ALLOY WHEELS! PUSH TO START! SUNROOF! TINTED WINDOWS! CRUISE CONTROL! REAR VIEW CAMERA! NAVIGATION! BO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR3CM450598
    Stock: 450598
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-21-2024

    • 120,329 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Xpress Auto Sales (212 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Sharpsville, PA / 212 miles away from Charleston, WV

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HP7CM400186
    Stock: 6662
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-25-2024

    • 132,364 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • J & J Used Cars (287 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Wayne, MI / 287 miles away from Charleston, WV

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR4CM452067
    Stock: 452067
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-10-2024

    • 135,959 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Source Auto Group (263 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Leather Seats
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Lanham, MD / 263 miles away from Charleston, WV

    The front windshield is in excellent condition. The paint is in great shape and condition. No dings are visible on this vehicle. The interior was ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR3CM451542
    Stock: 451542
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-28-2024

  • $6,999
    good price
    $2,370 below market
    • 121,485 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Select Auto (478 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Smithtown, NY / 478 miles away from Charleston, WV

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR7BM851568
    Stock: BM851568
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $9,381
    good price
    $1,565 below market
    • 87,852 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Golden Rule Auto (125 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Newark, OH / 125 miles away from Charleston, WV

    GOLDEN RULE AUTO 372 W Church, Newark Oh 43055 Showings available by appointment TRADE INS WELCOME & FINANCING AVAILABLE @ GOLDENRULEOHIO.COM CARFAX C...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN1AJ0HR8BM850798
    Stock: 850798
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-04-2024

Showing 1 - 21 out of 35 listings

Consumer Reviews for the INFINITI EX

Read recent reviews for the INFINITI EX
Overall Consumer Rating
4.5 out of 5 stars11 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 11 reviews
  • 5 star
    (73%)
  • 4 star
    (18%)
  • 3 star
    (0%)
  • 2 star
    (9%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

Nice upgrade

meower, 07/01/2011
2011 INFINITI EX EX35 Journey 4dr SUV (3.5L 6cyl 7A)
I traded my 2010 G37s for a 2011 EX35 to obtain more flexible space. Very impressed with the ride quality and compared to the G37, the performance is a close second. With the technology pack, the EX35 has becomes a feature-rich product with tools that make highway driving very pleasant. It may not inspire night drives down twisty country roads but it's not a snooze-fest … either. Comfortable for a 6'2" guy. Compared to the G37, has a better entry/exit. Rear seat room may be problematic behind someone with the seat mostly back but the dog doesn't complain.
Report abuse

Used 2012 INFINITI EX in Charleston, WV Values

Estimated values
2012 INFINITI EX EX35 Journey 4dr SUV AWD (3.5L 6cyl 7A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$4,102$6,564$7,999
Clean$3,905$6,208$7,516
Average$3,578$5,614$6,710
Rough$3,152$4,842$5,663

The average list price of a used 2012 INFINITI EX in Charleston, West Virginia is $10,332. The average mileage on a used INFINITI EX 2012 for sale in Charleston, West Virginia is 115,878. Based on the average mileage of 115,878 for used 2012 INFINITI EX for sale in Charleston, WV and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used INFINITI EX 2012 in Charleston, West Virginia to be $3,578.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.