Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
777 listings
  • $23,590
    fair price
    $543 below market
    • 24,211 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Salt Lake City, UT / 1,237 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM8RM649328
    Stock: 2003701017
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-07-2025

  • New Listing
    $22,998
    fair price
    $55 above market
    • 50,331 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to WI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 687 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCL4NM437025
    Stock: 27314665
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $23,499
    fair price
    $207 above market
    • 36,818 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Kentwood, MI / 117 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM3RM633523
    Stock: 7WD3NV
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

  • New Listing
    $25,299
    fair price
    $645 below market
    • 23,515 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cranberry Township, PA / 429 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCM4RM651429
    Stock: 7WGLB3
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-30
    $24,995
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    MSRP excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,375 destination charge (Alaska $1,420). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • $23,990
    fair price
    $323 below market
    • 21,363 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Boston, MA / 856 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM4RM653053
    Stock: 2003688052
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • $22,198
    fair price
    $17 above market
    • 45,816 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 543 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM0PM527902
    Stock: 7WYR8D
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,998
    fair price
    $32 above market
    • 57,536 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from VA to WI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Winchester, VA / 569 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBEY6MM311031
    Stock: 27286486
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 42,296 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in El Paso, TX / 1,267 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM3PM530714
    Stock: 7W36BT
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-29-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-30
    $24,995
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    MSRP excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,375 destination charge (Alaska $1,420). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • $22,198
    fair price
    $255 above market
    • 49,293 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Murfreesboro, TN / 493 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM4PM526669
    Stock: 7W35HH
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

    • 31,290 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Independence, MO / 430 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCM0RM650956
    Stock: 7WS34J
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2025

  • New Listing
    $23,998
    fair price
    $269 above market
    • 46,137 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from LA to WI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Kenner, LA / 899 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDM1PM527355
    Stock: 26482227
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $21,303
    good price
    $932 below market
    • 28,820 miles
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Freehold, NJ / 727 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,WiFi Hotspot,4 Cylinder Engine,4-Wh...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBAM6PM522334
    Stock: FTP7269
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-30
    $24,995
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    MSRP excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,375 destination charge (Alaska $1,420). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • Price Drop
    $20,498
    good price
    $1,429 below market
    • 49,532 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Metairie, LA / 899 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM7PM530585
    Stock: 7W33XK
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-27-2025

  • $23,590
    fair price
    $469 below market
    • 25,350 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 59 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM5RM653160
    Stock: 2003655814
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,698
    good price
    $1,482 below market
    • 28,269 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Fort Pierce, FL / 1,153 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCM6PM587021
    Stock: 8F3C69
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-24-2025

  • $23,590
    fair price
    $463 below market
    • 25,450 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 59 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM1RM652233
    Stock: 2003690859
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-02-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Mazda CX-30
    $24,995
    starting MSRP
    • 8 Trims
    View Offers 
    MSRP excludes taxes, title, license fees and $1,375 destination charge (Alaska $1,420). Vehicle shown may be priced higher. Actual dealer price will vary. See dealer for complete details.
  • $23,998
    fair price
    $118 above market
    • 50,482 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to WI*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Brandywine, MD / 645 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBEY2NM458982
    Stock: 27102769
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $20,499
    fair price
    $636 below market
    • 54,544 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Greensboro, NC / 636 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM5PM526549
    Stock: 7WCF21
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-06-2025

  • $24,590
    fair price
    $407 above market
    • 23,212 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 1,771 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM6RM656309
    Stock: 2003625444
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,499
    fair price
    $105 above market
    • 29,779 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Jake Sweeney Express (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 306 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Our stunning, Accident Free, One Owner 2022 Mazda CX-30 Select AWD shows off a sense of movement even when standing still in Soul Red Crystal Metallic...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBL9NM408735
    Stock: H92187
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-25-2025

  • New Listing
    $23,999
    fair price
    $469 below market
    • 23,120 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Hempstead, NY / 749 miles away from Oak Creek, WI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM6RM693540
    Stock: 8FK6XJ
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-06-2025

Showing 232 - 252 out of 777 listings
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius50 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.