Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
520 listings
  • $21,500
    good price
    $917 below market
    • 39,186 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in West Allis, WI / 774 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Remote Start,S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL8RB087424
    Stock: G92559
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $22,970
    good price
    $1,479 below market
    • 31,106 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in West Allis, WI / 774 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Satellite Radi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (26 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMESL6RB171022
    Stock: G92629
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $17,999
    good price
    $941 below market
    • 60,902 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Vista, CA / 2,456 miles away from West Islip, NY

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (26 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMESL7MB172590
    Stock: 8DH8C6
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

  • New Listing
    $24,998
    fair price
    $290 below market
    • 21,268 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IL to NY*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Schaumburg, IL / 770 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (26 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMESL6RB151725
    Stock: 27345234
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Buick Encore GX
    $26,000
    starting MSRP
    • 3 Trims
    View Offers 
    The Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all Buick vehicles' destination freight charges.
    • 24,457 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,404 miles away from West Islip, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL0RB182494
    Stock: 2003751629
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-19-2025

  • New Listing
    $16,998
    fair price
    $387 below market
    • 62,840 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Inglewood, CA / 2,492 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMBS27NB104863
    Stock: 27382083
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $20,998
    fair price
    $534 below market
    • 27,949 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from GA to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Lithia Springs, GA / 784 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMFSLXLB104188
    Stock: 27385354
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $22,998
    fair price
    $505 above market
    • 24,009 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NV to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Henderson, NV / 2,261 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL5RB093049
    Stock: 27263001
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Buick Encore GX
    $26,000
    starting MSRP
    • 3 Trims
    View Offers 
    The Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all Buick vehicles' destination freight charges.
  • $23,998
    fair price
    $277 below market
    • 23,570 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MD to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Laurel, MD / 216 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMFSL0NB126932
    Stock: 27450485
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $19,998
    good price
    $1,563 below market
    • 18,348 miles
    • 3 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Jensen Beach, FL / 1,011 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMFSL5LB123277
    Stock: 27100323
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $20,998
    fair price
    $165 below market
    • 30,344 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to NY*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Greensboro, NC / 479 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (26 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMESL6NB027641
    Stock: 26600836
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $21,995
    fair price
    $501 below market
    • 38,031 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in West Allis, WI / 774 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Remote Start,S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL6RB089060
    Stock: G92681
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Buick Encore GX
    $26,000
    starting MSRP
    • 3 Trims
    View Offers 
    The Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all Buick vehicles' destination freight charges.
  • New Listing
    $21,990
    fair price
    $1,012 below market
    • 19,574 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 441 miles away from West Islip, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (26 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMESL0MB118337
    Stock: 2003756051
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • $18,499
    fair price
    $580 below market
    • 64,015 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Los Angeles, CA / 2,492 miles away from West Islip, NY

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMFSLXNB086777
    Stock: 8DNCLV
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-19-2025

  • New Listing
    $18,998
    fair price
    $405 below market
    • 51,861 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 28 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from SC to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Myrtle Beach, SC / 572 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (28 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMDS29MB049858
    Stock: 27548671
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 13,585 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,404 miles away from West Islip, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL8RB179164
    Stock: 2003671686
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-22-2025

  • Advertisement

    Special offers available

    2025 Buick Encore GX
    $26,000
    starting MSRP
    • 3 Trims
    View Offers 
    The Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all Buick vehicles' destination freight charges.
  • Price Drop
    $22,990
    good price
    $1,958 below market
    • 12,409 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 2,173 miles away from West Islip, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL3RB186443
    Stock: 2003700758
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

    • 13,811 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,404 miles away from West Islip, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL9RB182249
    Stock: 2003690909
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-28-2025

  • New Listing
    • 34,949 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to NY*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 1,536 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4MMBS21PB033310
    Stock: 27520831
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $22,998
    fair price
    $73 below market
    • 29,819 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NC to NY*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 438 miles away from West Islip, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (26 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMESL1RB103257
    Stock: 27446961
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $21,590
    good price
    $1,530 below market
    • 15,485 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 29 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Los Angeles, CA / 2,485 miles away from West Islip, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    30 Combined MPG (29 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KL4AMDSL2RB090044
    Stock: 2003824204
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

Showing 106 - 126 out of 520 listings
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius25 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.