Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
71 listings
  • New Listing
    • 67,067 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Atlantic City Mitsubishi (112 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Pleasantville, NJ / 112 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    2022 Jaguar E-PACE P250 SE Recent Arrival! CLEAN CARFAX, ONE OWNER, BLUE TOOTH, FULLY RECONDITIONED, NAVIGATION, ALLOY WHEELS, PANORAMIC SUNROOF, LEAT...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX9N1031131
    Stock: PM031131
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $26,057
    great price
    $4,250 below market
    • 24,335 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Maxon Hyundai (156 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Union, NJ / 156 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    Nav System, Heated Seats, Back-Up Camera, Aluminum Wheels, All Wheel Drive, Power Liftgate. KEY FEATURES INCLUDENavigation, All Wheel Drive, Power Lif...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX2M1017568
    Stock: M1017568
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-17-2025

    • 56,516 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 1,175 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX5N1029778
    Stock: 2003495993
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2025

  • New Listing
    • 31,632 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Memorial Highway Chevrolet of West Mifflin (191 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in West Mifflin, PA / 191 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    Clean CARFAX.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFK2FX4L1000803
    Stock: W1230B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • New Listing
    • 29,544 miles
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NV to MD*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Reno, NV / 2,283 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX0N1031048
    Stock: 27262692
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $23,990
    fair price
    $768 below market
    • 32,266 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Washington DC (73 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Washington, DC / 73 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX6K1Z64870
    Stock: 2003661159
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-17-2025

  • $26,999
    great price
    $2,143 below market
    • 33,935 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Autoshow Somerset (140 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Somerset, NJ / 140 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    Vehicle Overview Vehicle DetailsPresenting the 2021 Jaguar E-Pace 300 Sport, an exquisite blend of style, performance, and technology, now available w...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX1M1023359
    Stock: 023359
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • $28,980
    good price
    $1,075 below market
    • 26,410 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Maserati of Bergen County (179 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Upper Saddle River, NJ / 179 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    Contact Maserati of Bergen County today for information on dozens of vehicles like this 2021 Jaguar E-PACE 300 Sport, AWD, PANO ROOF, UPGRADED WHEELS!...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX7M1017422
    Stock: BCM2042
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-09-2024

  • $27,998
    fair price
    $654 below market
    • 34,214 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CO to MD*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Federal Heights, CO / 1,507 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX8M1023536
    Stock: 27062869
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    Photos not available
    $27,995
    good price
    $981 below market
    • 16,592 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Motorhub (177 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Avelnwood, NY / 177 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX3M1019393
    Stock: MH2974
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

  • $24,980
    fair price
    $772 above market
    • 78,413 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • EZ Auto Group (106 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Lewistown, PA / 106 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    $438.57 a month for 75 months @ 6.24% with approved credit and ZERO down!!! E-Pace 300 Sport! All wheel drive! Clean Carfax! 2.0L I4 turbocharged engi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX5M1021694
    Stock: 021694
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-07-2025

  • New Listing
    $28,998
    fair price
    $772 above market
    • 32,044 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from WA to MD*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Puyallup, WA / 2,328 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX6M1023695
    Stock: 27454136
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 19,112 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 510 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX9M1021777
    Stock: 2003757660
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

  • New Listing
    • 39,161 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 1,416 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX6M1024460
    Stock: 2003801108
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 60,745 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 510 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX8M1019373
    Stock: 2003767317
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 43,815 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Ourisman Chevrolet Buick GMC of Alexandria (42 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Alexandria, VA / 42 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    Clean CARFAX. White 2020 Jaguar E-PACE Checkered Flag Edition AWD 9-Speed Automatic 2.0L I4 TurbochargedOdometer is 16225 miles below market average! ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12FX3L1000262
    Stock: 2597062A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-25-2025

  • $18,500
    great price
    $1,542 below market
    • 70,774 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Passport Nissan of Alexandria (43 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Alexandria, VA / 43 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    2018 Jaguar E-PACE R-Dynamic AWD, Fuji White Exterior with Ebony Windsor Sport Leather Interior.Key Features:-2.0L Turbocharged 4-Cylinder Engine p...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFL2GX0J1Z29993
    Stock: D15955A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-14-2025

  • $19,950
    fair price
    $2,788 below market
    • 40,298 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Jaguar Tysons Corner (42 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Vienna, VA / 42 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    * MSRP: $48,200.00 * Total Options: $2,905.00* Exterior Color: Santorini Black, $590.00* Interior Color: Ebony/Ebony* Premium carpet mats, $105.00* Lo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FXXJ1Z33331
    Stock: Z33331AN
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

  • $13,750
    great price
    $1,341 below market
    • 97,239 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Prime Motors (41 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 41 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    ASK ABOUT OUR MD INSPECTION PROGRAMVideo walk-around, virtual test drives, E-purchase, shipping , financing and we accept all trades. Call/Text 703-67...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFL2FX5J1Z01494
    Stock: Z01494
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $26,998
    fair price
    $674 below market
    • 22,772 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to MD*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Boynton Beach, FL / 903 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX7L1Z89309
    Stock: 27292341
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $17,995
    good price
    $1,728 below market
    • 61,591 miles
    • 3 accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Elite Motors (172 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Virginia Beach, VA / 172 miles away from Baltimore, MD

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFL2FX8J1Z01828
    Stock: Z01828
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 22 - 42 out of 71 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jaguar E-PACE

Read recent reviews for the Jaguar E-PACE
Overall Consumer Rating
3.7 out of 5 stars31 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 31 reviews
  • 5 star
    (52%)
  • 4 star
    (10%)
  • 3 star
    (13%)
  • 2 star
    (10%)
  • 1 star
    (16%)
3 out of 5 stars

2018 Jaguar E pace

Hk_650, 08/01/2018
2018 Jaguar E-PACE P250 First Edition 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 9A)
Bought this car because the Volvo XC40 I wanted to order was so far out on production. I thought this would be a good alternative despite being almost $10,000 more. However, the tech is extremely lacking, the interior is simple but my Chevy Cruze rs is just as nice. So no big points there. Also, the car has less then 2,000mi and been in the shop twice with transmission issues kicking it … out of gear while driving down the road and not allowing you to select a gear, Essentially leaving you straded. Oh, and when I was asked to review from Jaguar they took down my review. So be quite weary if you decide to purchase this car.
Report abuse

Used 2022 Jaguar E-PACE in Baltimore, MD Values

Estimated values
2022 Jaguar E-PACE P250 SE 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 9A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$22,157$23,802$25,518
Clean$21,862$23,473$25,151
Average$21,370$22,923$24,539
Rough$20,730$22,209$23,744

The average list price of a used 2022 Jaguar E-PACE in Baltimore, Maryland is $25,931. The average mileage on a used Jaguar E-PACE 2022 for sale in Baltimore, Maryland is 43,737. Based on the average mileage of 43,737 for used 2022 Jaguar E-PACE for sale in Baltimore, MD and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jaguar E-PACE 2022 in Baltimore, Maryland to be $21,370.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.