Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
172 listings
  • New Listing
    • 59,858 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Sheehy Toyota of Laurel (15 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Laurel, MD / 15 miles away from Washington, DC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE2M3123479
    Stock: AC03197C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2025

    • 122,664 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Springfield, OR / 2,373 miles away from Washington, DC

    High Demand,Rare Find,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Remote Start,Satellite ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE1M3108522
    Stock: VT108522
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 66,001 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Safford Brown Toyota Glen Burnie (26 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Glen Burnie, MD / 26 miles away from Washington, DC

    CARFAX One-Owner. Wind Chill Pearl 2021 Toyota Corolla Hatchback SE FWD CVT 2.0L I4 Good Brakes, Good Tires, One Owner, Keyless Remote Entry, Remote K...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE5M3116106
    Stock: P730
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • $19,999
    great price
    $2,424 below market
    • 38,593 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Bob Bell Chevrolet (35 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Baltimore, MD / 35 miles away from Washington, DC

    Here at " BOB BELL" we strive to make every customer COMPLETELY SATISFIED . We have a large selection of Pre Owned inventory that we use real time int...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE7N3172341
    Stock: P5325A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-12-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,000
    good price
    $1,815 below market
    • 19,074 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Passport Toyota (12 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Suitland, MD / 12 miles away from Washington, DC

    2024 Toyota Corolla Hatchback SE Inferno Red FWD AutomaticBackup Camera, Bluetooth, USB Ports, AUX Input, Toyota Safety Sense, Apple CarPlay compati...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE0R3214418
    Stock: P8799
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-19-2025

  • $21,990
    good price
    $1,687 below market
    • 22,850 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Epic Motor Company (24 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 24 miles away from Washington, DC

    At Epic Motor Company, we ensure the quality of our vehicles through a comprehensive multi-point inspection before they undergo the Virginia State Saf...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE2R3221077
    Stock: 221077
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $22,900
    good price
    $1,258 below market
    • 23,305 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (16 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Springfield, VA / 16 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarFax 1-Owner,Rare Find,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Satellite Radio,WiFi Hotspot,4 Cylinder...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE4R3216513
    Stock: 24944P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $26,795
    fair price
    $545 below market
    • 6,801 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 38 Hwy MPG
    • Trust Auto (33 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sykesville, MD / 33 miles away from Washington, DC

    This Loaded 2024 Toyota Corolla XSE Hatchback is offered to you for sale by Trust Auto. This Toyota includes: BLACK OUT PACKAGE: BLACK EMBLEM OVERLAYS...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (30 City/38 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTNC4MBE6R3231803
    Stock: 231803
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

    • 30,472 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Hanover Toyota (60 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Hanover, PA / 60 miles away from Washington, DC

    Toyota Certified Pre-Owned! 1-Owner local trade bought here, serviced here, and traded here at Hanover Toyota! Clean Autocheck history! Just fully ser...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE2N3175745
    Stock: 56194A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 06-28-2025

  • $18,445
    good price
    $592 below market
    • 87,341 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Arlington Motors of Woodbridge (29 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Woodbridge, VA / 29 miles away from Washington, DC

    **(Facebook) All Prices indicate estimated entry for down payment** Visit Arlington Motors online at www.arlingtonmotorsva.com ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE2N3157150
    Stock: W10032
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 56,449 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Easterns Automotive Group of Sterling / Direct Car Buying (24 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Sterling, VA / 24 miles away from Washington, DC

    2022 Toyota Corolla Hatchback Red FWD CVT Alloy wheels, All-Weather Floor Liner Package (TMS), Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Automatic temperature contr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE1N3184694
    Stock: 160942
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-08-2025

    • 54,523 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Malloy Toyota (63 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Winchester, VA / 63 miles away from Washington, DC

    ** One Owner ** Nightshade ** Dynamic Cruise Control ** Lane Departure Alert ** Push Button ** Back Up Camera ** Smart Key ** Apple Carplay/Android Au...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE3N3163961
    Stock: MT4062
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-03-2025

  • $25,998
    fair price
    $526 above market
    • 3,980 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Laurel (15 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Laurel, MD / 15 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE8R3230964
    Stock: 27364218
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 81,925 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Chesapeake, VA / 160 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Satellite Radio,WiFi Hotspot,4 Cylinder Engine,4-...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE3N3160283
    Stock: N3160283P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 23,179 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 38 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to DC*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Irvine, CA / 2,277 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (30 City/38 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTNC4MBE9N3186690
    Stock: 27595826
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $23,998
    fair price
    $745 above market
    • 34,616 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to DC*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Modesto, CA / 2,361 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE1N3155258
    Stock: 27068556
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 13,220 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NV to DC*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Reno, NV / 2,266 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE3N3176354
    Stock: 27494315
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    Stock photo**
    • 35,490 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Greencastle Chevrolet (66 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Greencastle, PA / 66 miles away from Washington, DC

    **CERTIFIED** This 2022 White Toyota Corolla Hatchback SE Nightshade Edition FWD is well equipped and includes these features and benefits: ABS brakes...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE0N3183990
    Stock: UM183990
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

  • New Listing
    • 44,488 miles
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • Ourisman Chantilly Toyota (23 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 23 miles away from Washington, DC

    This vehicle won't be on the lot long! A great vehicle and a great value! With fewer than 45,000 miles on the odometer, this hatchback invigorates its...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE3N3170053
    Stock: C250246M
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-13-2025

    • 21,392 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 32 City / 41 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to DC*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Pleasant Hill, CA / 2,412 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    35 Combined MPG (32 City/41 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTND4MBE1N3180757
    Stock: 27493511
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $24,998
    good price
    $993 below market
    • 25,125 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 30 City / 38 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from KS to DC*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Merriam, KS / 947 miles away from Washington, DC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    33 Combined MPG (30 City/38 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JTNC4MBE0N3150550
    Stock: 27194063
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 85 - 105 out of 172 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Toyota Corolla Hatchback

Read recent reviews for the Toyota Corolla Hatchback
Overall Consumer Rating
4.4 out of 5 stars37 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 37 reviews
  • 5 star
    (65%)
  • 4 star
    (19%)
  • 3 star
    (11%)
  • 2 star
    (3%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
5 out of 5 stars

Love this car!

Ronda, 01/29/2019
2019 Toyota Corolla Hatchback XSE 4dr Hatchback (2.0L 4cyl CVT)
It’s quick, nimble, has responsive steering, sticks firmly to the road and is a joy to drive. I have zero complaints. I test drove many cars before this one, but when I finally got a chance to drive one, that was it. Every time I get in it to go some where, I like it even more. It also helped that it has Toyota’s reliability standing behind it as well. As long I do my part (change … the oil, etc.), it’ll be around for a long time.
Report abuse

Used 2021 Toyota Corolla Hatchback in Washington, DC Values

Estimated values
2021 Toyota Corolla Hatchback SE 4dr Hatchback (2.0L 4cyl CVT) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$16,481$18,328$20,183
Clean$16,018$17,800$19,586
Average$15,248$16,920$18,592
Rough$14,245$15,775$17,299

The average list price of a used 2021 Toyota Corolla Hatchback in Washington, District of Columbia is $22,314. The average mileage on a used Toyota Corolla Hatchback 2021 for sale in Washington, District of Columbia is 41,493. Based on the average mileage of 41,493 for used 2021 Toyota Corolla Hatchback for sale in Washington, DC and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Toyota Corolla Hatchback 2021 in Washington, District of Columbia to be $15,248.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.