Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
4,604 listings
  • New Listing
    • 24,291 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Indianapolis (492 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 492 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBBMXN0605743
    Stock: 2003641894
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2025

    • 24,561 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Med Center Mazda (335 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Pelham, AL / 335 miles away from Columbia, SC

    From Our Floor To Your Door! Vehicles Sanitized and Delivered Upon Request! Buy From The Comfort of Your Living Room! Completely Digital Buying Experi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM6N0640181
    Stock: P11410
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-22-2025

    • 78,688 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Twin City Certified (208 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Maryville, TN / 208 miles away from Columbia, SC

    *USB Ports, *Extended Warranty Available, Leather Seats, Backup Camera, Bluetooth, No-Charge 30 Day, 1000 Mile Warranty. Buy with confidence!, Non Smo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFADM5L1783963
    Stock: L1783963T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 88,425 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Stokes Mazda (90 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in North Charleston, SC / 90 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Experience the 2022 Mazda CX-5 2.5 S Preferred Package - Where Performance Meets Luxury!This premium SUV delivers an impressive 187HP SKYACTIV-G 2.5...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCMXN1588354
    Stock: M7957A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-30-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 49,380 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Independence Mazda (84 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 84 miles away from Columbia, SC

    CARFAX One-Owner.2022 Mazda CX-5 2.5 S Preferred Package* 1 Owner *, Carfax Certified, * Local Trade *, * All Routine Maintenance Up to Date *, * Al...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM1N0633431
    Stock: 13020A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-23-2025

  • New Listing
    • 27,242 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Jacksonville (254 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 254 miles away from Columbia, SC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBAY1N0634911
    Stock: 27899571
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 45,972 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Bristol (194 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Bristol, TN / 194 miles away from Columbia, SC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFACM5J1394769
    Stock: 27558411
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 39,955 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Mark Wahlberg Chevrolet of Worthington (436 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Worthington, OH / 436 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Jet Black Mica 2020 Mazda CX-5 Touring AWD 6-Speed Automatic SKYACTIV 2.5L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V 24/30 City/Highway MPGOdometer is 21208 miles be...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: Yes

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCMXL0776262
    Stock: PXA776262
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-22-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 58,601 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Charlotte (87 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 87 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBDM7N0578112
    Stock: 2004057898
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-06-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 59,382 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Sport Durst Mazda (200 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Goldsboro, NC / 200 miles away from Columbia, SC

    New Price! 2020 Mazda CX-5 Touring Machine Gray Metallic AWD 6-Speed Automatic SKYACTIV 2.5L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V *RECENT TRADE IN*, *BLUETOOTH*, *APPL...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM0L0761334
    Stock: M20387A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-29-2025

  • New Listing
    • 125,077 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Glenn Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (390 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Crestwood, KY / 390 miles away from Columbia, SC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBDM7J0372038
    Stock: AP1825
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 121,472 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Cincinnati (404 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 404 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFACM0J1349397
    Stock: 2004070383
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-13-2025

  • New Listing
    • 22,009 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Frederick (415 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Gaithersburg, MD / 415 miles away from Columbia, SC

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBEM7N0612225
    Stock: 27233626
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 89,158 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Richmond (317 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 317 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBDM2J0357642
    Stock: 2004016811
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • New Listing
    • 86,554 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Birmingham (335 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 335 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFACM2J0348919
    Stock: 2004075675
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-15-2025

    • 99,073 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Driver's Way (335 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Pelham, AL / 335 miles away from Columbia, SC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFADM2J0311299
    Stock: D65490
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 42,937 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Jenkins Mazda (338 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Ocala, FL / 338 miles away from Columbia, SC

    The price does not include tax, tag, license, an electronic filing fee of $449.00**, a private tag agency fee of $199.00**, and a predelivery service ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM5N1618084
    Stock: MT11270A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

    • 36,174 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Berglund Toyota (256 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Lynchburg, VA / 256 miles away from Columbia, SC

    This Mazda CX-5 enhances safety with a blind spot monitor, alerting drivers to potential dangers in adjacent lanes. Good News! This certified CARFAX 1...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBBM7L0780755
    Stock: S7656A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-10-2025

    • 72,057 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Walt Sweeney Ford (408 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 408 miles away from Columbia, SC

    2018 Mazda CX-5 Touring: Low Mileage, Loaded with Features, Under $20k - Only at Walt Sweeney Ford!Looking for a reliable, stylish, and feature-pack...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBCM1J0304013
    Stock: J0304013
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-20-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 30,420 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Westgate Mitsubishi (189 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 189 miles away from Columbia, SC

    For Sale: 2022 Mazda CX-5 2.5 Turbo Signature 30,000 Miles Fully Loaded!Year: 2022Make/Model: Mazda CX-5 2.5 Turbo Signature AWDMileage: 30,000...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFBXY0N0611241
    Stock: M6140XP
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

    • 64,384 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Mall of Georgia Mazda (171 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Buford, GA / 171 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Snowflake White Pearl Mica exterior and Black interior, CX-5 Touring trim. FUEL EFFICIENT 31 MPG Hwy/25 MPG City! GREAT MILES 64,384! Heated Seats, iP...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3KFACM5L0840010
    Stock: DS29959A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-09-2025

Showing 757 - 777 out of 4,604 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mazda CX-5

Read recent reviews for the Mazda CX-5
Overall Consumer Rating
4.5 out of 5 stars108 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 108 reviews
  • 5 star
    (74%)
  • 4 star
    (13%)
  • 3 star
    (6%)
  • 2 star
    (2%)
  • 1 star
    (5%)
5 out of 5 stars

Fun to drive and excellent value

Peter B, 02/11/2020
2020 Mazda CX-5 Touring 4dr SUV (2.5L 4cyl 6A)
Traded in a high mileage ‘15 Forester and couldn’t be happier with the CX5. I got the Touring with the option package which includes the sunroof, power lift gate and Bose. I immediately took it on a 1600 mile trip from DFW to ATL and back. Its a comfortable car for long trips with great road feel. I was always cruising at about 75 to 80 mph and it never felt sluggish or underpowered. …
Report abuse

Used 2022 Mazda CX-5 in Columbia, SC Values

Estimated values
2022 Mazda CX-5 2.5 S Select 4dr SUV AWD (2.5L 4cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$18,526$19,993$21,530
Clean$18,197$19,605$21,075
Average$17,649$18,956$20,317
Rough$16,937$18,114$19,331

The average list price of a used 2022 Mazda CX-5 in Columbia, South Carolina is $22,640. The average mileage on a used Mazda CX-5 2022 for sale in Columbia, South Carolina is 61,229. Based on the average mileage of 61,229 for used 2022 Mazda CX-5 for sale in Columbia, SC and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mazda CX-5 2022 in Columbia, South Carolina to be $17,649.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.