Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
7,039 listings
Showing Nationwide results. Enter your
for local results.
  • $9,999
    good price
    $1,245 below market
    • 98,802 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 15 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Ohio Car Mart (Elyria, OH)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Elyria, OH / 831 miles away from Rutland, ND

    ALL NEW AIR SHOCKS, REAR AXELS, SWAY BAR LINKS,FRESH OIL! OVER $5000 IN SERVICE WORK, READY FOR NEW OWNER! Experience the epitome of luxury and perf...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF9ABXAA169997
    Stock: 169997A01
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-29-2025

  • $7,970
    good price
    $1,365 below market
    • 116,389 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Wild West Cars & Trucks (Seattle, WA)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Seattle, WA / 1,172 miles away from Rutland, ND

    IF IT IS TIME FOR A NEW RIDE WITH MORE PRIDE HERE IT IS BIG SALE @ $7970 2010 E350 COUPE LOADED WITH A PANO SUNROOF AIR-COND CD STEREO PW PL PS PDB...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKJ5GB1AF048279
    Stock: 34724
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2024

    • 52,219 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Car Place Dallas (Addison, TX)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Addison, TX / 905 miles away from Rutland, ND

    2012 Mercedes-Benz E 350 Coupe Arctic White over Black $57,085 MSRP Premium PackagesThis 2012 Mercedes-Benz E 350 Coupe is the perfect mix of luxury, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKJ5KB5CF157113
    Stock: CF157113
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

  • $6,499
    good price
    $1,520 below market
    • 141,731 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Town Auto (Lakewood, WA)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Lakewood, WA / 1,184 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Visit Town Auto Tacoma to shop our great deals. You can contact us or call 2**-3**-9*** to schedule your test drive today. Leatherette Seats Dual A/C ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB9CA637759
    Stock: 10286
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-01-2025

  • New Listing
    $5,999
    good price
    $1,426 below market
    • 161,989 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Skyrocket Motorsports (Madison, TN)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Madison, TN / 877 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Skyrocket Motorsports712 Gallatin Pike N, Madison, TN 37115 Call Us: (6**) 5**-1*** Email: Visit: Price excludes taxes, title, registration, and f...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KBXCA604205
    Stock: 20140
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

  • $12,769
    fair price
    $1,520 below market
    • 54,343 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Leskovar Honda (Butte, MT)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Butte, MT / 719 miles away from Rutland, ND

    It offers Automatic Climate Control for personalized comfort. The leather seats in it are a must for buyers looking for comfort, durability, and style...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKJ5KB6CF156763
    Stock: 8304NB
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

  • Price Drop
    $19,995
    good price
    $2,146 below market
    • 64,877 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 8cyl automatic
    • A Better Way Wholesale Autos (Naugatuck, CT)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Naugatuck, CT / 1,255 miles away from Rutland, ND

    - Experience the thrill of a 4.7L Twin Turbo V8 engine delivering a robust 402hp and 443ft. lbs. of torque. - Luxuriate in an elegantly crafted leath...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKK7DFXEF246042
    Stock: 246042N
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $7,350
    good price
    $1,621 below market
    • 124,983 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Orlando Auto Sale (Orlando, FL)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 1,495 miles away from Rutland, ND

    2012 Mercedes E350 Luxury with 124K miles. Fully loaded, Leather interior **Backup Camera **Navigation, ** Bluetooth, ** Heated Front Seats, ** Power ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB2CA545439
    Stock: 545439
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-07-2024

  • $12,900
    good price
    $1,242 below market
    • 45,384 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Auto X-Change (Honolulu, HI)
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Honolulu, HI / 3,762 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Step into luxury and sophistication with this sleek Silver 2010 Mercedes-Benz E-Class. Equipped with a powerful 3.5L V6 engine and smooth 7-speed auto...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKJ5GB7AF013908
    Stock: 013908a
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $19,750
    good price
    $1,743 below market
    • 40,147 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Hyundai of Eau Claire (Eau Claire, WI)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Eau Claire, WI / 306 miles away from Rutland, ND

    18 AMG® Twin 5-Spoke Wheels, 3-Spoke Sport Steering Wheel, AIRSCARF® Ventilated Headrest, AMG® Sport Package, Blind Spot Assist, COMAND® System w/Hard...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKK5KF5EF261703
    Stock: YN11483A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-03-2025

    • 61,177 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Signature Autos (Austin, TX)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 1,093 miles away from Rutland, ND

    * CALL AHEAD TO SCHEDULE AN APPOINTMENT.. * CARFAX AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.. * HARMON KARDON STEREO.. * LEATHER.. * NAVIGATION.. * BACK UP CAMERA.. * H...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKK5KF1CF179769
    Stock: 179769
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-03-2025

  • $11,997
    good price
    $1,001 below market
    • 81,635 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Palladium Autos (Anaheim, CA)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Anaheim, CA / 1,369 miles away from Rutland, ND

    2014 MERCEDES-BENZ E-CLASS E 350 SPORT ??FINANCE AVAILABLE?? ??WE TAKE TRADES?? ??Mileage:81000 ??Vin:WDDHF5KB3EA875609 ??www.palladium-autos.com ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB3EA875609
    Stock: 875609
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $11,990
    fair price
    $806 below market
    • 104,938 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Ed Napleton Honda St Peters (Saint Peters, MO)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Saint Peters, MO / 612 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Palladium Silver Metallic 2014 Mercedes-Benz E-Class E 350 3.5L 6-Cylinder DOHC RWD Odometer is 2327 miles below market average! Clean CARFAX.CLEAN ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB9EB042696
    Stock: OLPJD1913A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

    • 116,625 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 6cyl automatic
    • Mercedes-Benz of Austin (Austin, TX)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 1,086 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Black 2014 Mercedes-Benz E-Class E 350 Base 3.5L 6-Cylinder DOHC RWDRecent Arrival! This vehicle comes with the following features and options : AMG® ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDKJ5KB0EF240953
    Stock: MU28070
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $14,995
    good price
    $3,068 below market
    • 48,210 miles
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Automotive Avenues (Wall, NJ)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Wall, NJ / 1,240 miles away from Rutland, ND

    LOADED WITH VALUE! Comes equipped with: Air Conditioning, Sunroof. This Mercedes-Benz E-Class also includes Power Driver's Seat, Clock, Climate Contro...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF8JB2EB000020
    Stock: 55993A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-26-2025

  • $13,950
    fair price
    $385 below market
    • 89,377 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • SKCO Automotive (Mobile, AL)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Mobile, AL / 1,173 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Only 89,377 Miles! Boasts 29 Highway MPG and 21 City MPG! This Mercedes-Benz E-Class delivers a Premium Unleaded V-6 3.5 L/213 engine powering this Au...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF8JB6EA911568
    Stock: 911568
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-22-2024

    • 126,783 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Autos of Fort Worth (Fort Worth, TX)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Worth, TX / 921 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Welcome to Autos of Fort Worth!Autos of Fort Worth is a family owned business that cares about their customers! We hand select our inventory to make s...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF8JB5EA897825
    Stock: P1387
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $7,981
    good price
    $1,536 below market
    • 100,691 miles
    • 1 accident, 6 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • H&R Auto (Arlington, VA)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 1,148 miles away from Rutland, ND

    WARRANTY * CARFAX CERTIFIED * 14 SERVICE RECORDS * RUNS AND DRIVES GREAT ! VIRGINIA STATE INSPECTED. 7981 + 495 = 8,476 SPECIAL CASH PRICE PLEASE ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB1CA568405
    Stock: 568405
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-28-2025

  • $7,999
    good price
    $1,506 below market
    • 99,148 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use only
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Robinson Automotive Group (Marietta, GA)
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Multi-Zone Climate C...
    Close

    Located in Marietta, GA / 1,080 miles away from Rutland, ND

    Robinson Automotive Group Robinson Automotive Group 2535 Powder Springs Rd Marietta, GA 30*** 6**-6**-9271 Visit Robinson Automotive Group online at r...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB7CA582115
    Stock: 582115
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

  • New Listing
    $16,590
    fair price
    $313 above market
    • 72,108 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Delivery available*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Shreveport, LA / 956 miles away from Rutland, ND

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF5KB3EB045156
    Stock: 2003998404
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-21-2025

  • $8,995
    fair price
    $295 below market
    • 160,970 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 21 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • International Auto Outlet (Hamilton, OH)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Hamilton, OH / 802 miles away from Rutland, ND

    2014 Mercedes-Benz E-CLASS E350 SPORT 4-MATIC -- 4DOOR SEDAN AWD -- 3.5L V6-- AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION -- NAVIGATION SYSTEM -- BACKUP CAMERA --- LEA...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDHF8JB0EA983821
    Stock: 983821
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 148 - 168 out of 7,039 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mercedes-Benz E-Class

Read recent reviews for the Mercedes-Benz E-Class
Overall Consumer Rating
4.5 out of 5 stars35 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 35 reviews
  • 5 star
    (77%)
  • 4 star
    (9%)
  • 3 star
    (6%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (3%)
4.75 out of 5 stars

Really like my E350 Sport

lawcar, 03/29/2012
2012 Mercedes-Benz E-Class E350 Sport 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cyl 7A)
Having previously leased Lexus GS and BMW 5 series cars, this was my first Mercedes. It is a sporty luxury car rather than a luxury sport car. It drives very good (although not as tight as other sportier cars, it still handles nicely). The cabin is beautiful. The control system is about the same as other similar cars, and does take getting used to. I haven't had problems on the car, and … drive daily in city driving. Very happy with this car.
Report abuse
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radiusNationwide
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.