Skip to FiltersReport abuse
2,393 listings
- $47,599great price$5,363 below market
- 79,673 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 14 City / 19 Hwy MPG
- Elizabeth Chevrolet (232 mi away)
Close
Located in Truman, MN / 232 miles away from Duluth, MN
Black 2021 Chevrolet Tahoe High Country **BACKUP CAMERA**, **Bluetooth **, **NAVIGATION SYSTEM**, **SUNROOF/MOONROOF**, **LEATHER SEATS**, **LOADED**...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
16 Combined MPG (14 City/19 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKTKL0MR345856
Stock: 10795B
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-19-2025 - 59,367 miles
- 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
- 8 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
- Carvana (In-stock online)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Kansas City, MO / 544 miles away from Duluth, MN
At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSCBKC1LR302648
Stock: 2003987707
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-22-2025- 89,270 miles
- 1 accident, 2 owners, rental vehicle
- 8 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
- Louie Dominion's Deals on Wheels Dowagiac (444 mi away)
Close
Located in Dowagiac, MI / 444 miles away from Duluth, MN
PRE-OWNED 2020 CHEVROLET TAHOE The 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe is a full-size SUV known for its powerful V8 engine, robust towing capacity, and spacious inte...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKBKC7LR111982
Stock: P7928
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-04-2025- New Listing
- 65,117 miles
- 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats
- Beck Motor Company (428 mi away)
Close
Located in Pierre, SD / 428 miles away from Duluth, MN
Vehicle DetailsExperience commanding presence and refined capability with this 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe Premier 4WD, powered by a robust 6.2L V8 that deli...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKCKJ5LR197913
Stock: 25B157
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 09-09-2025 - 61,279 miles
- 1 accident, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
- 8 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Dillon's Auto (466 mi away)
Close
Located in Lincoln, NE / 466 miles away from Duluth, MN
Price shown includes a $1,000 Finance discount. You must finance 80% of Cash Sales Price, or purchase a service contract to receive this discount.Bl...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKNKD1NR292543
Stock: 292543
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 04-22-2025- 64,670 miles
- Issue reported, 4 owners, personal use only
- 7 Seats
- Columbus Motor Co (450 mi away)
Close
Located in Columbus, NE / 450 miles away from Duluth, MN
Clean CARFAX. Black 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe Premier 4WD 10-Speed Automatic with Overdrive EcoTec3 6.2L V8 Passed 125 point Dealer Inspection.Odometer i...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Issue reported
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKCKJ8LR124292
Stock: X5578A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 07-12-2025- $44,986fair price
- 88,612 miles
- 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
- 7 Seats
- Driveway (In-stock online)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Odessa, TX / 1,158 miles away from Duluth, MN
CarFax No Accidents Reported,3rd Row Seat,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Entertainment System,Hands-Free Liftg...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKCKJ0LR130054
Stock: LR130054T
Certified Pre-Owned: No - $19,995fair price$197 below market
- 126,553 miles
- 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
- 8 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
- Car Lux (370 mi away)
Close
Located in Waukegan, IL / 370 miles away from Duluth, MN
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKAKC4JR404066
Stock: 11018
Certified Pre-Owned: No - $27,995great price$4,075 below market
- 123,679 miles
- 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats
- Anderson & Koch Ford (96 mi away)
Close
Located in North Branch, MN / 96 miles away from Duluth, MN
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKCKJ0KR152151
Stock: 152151
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-25-2025 - Price Drop$46,958great price$3,861 below market
- 59,233 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 8 Seats, 16 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Jim Lupient Buick GMC (138 mi away)
Close
Located in Golden Valley, MN / 138 miles away from Duluth, MN
Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price!Odometer is 17534 miles below market average!ASK About Our Lifetime Powertrain Warranty Cleaned, Detailed and Ser...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (16 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKRKDXMR338408
Stock: W1202
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 06-13-2025 - New Listing$41,995great price$6,553 below market
- 76,346 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 16 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- H & H Chevrolet (436 mi away)
Close
Located in Papillion, NE / 436 miles away from Duluth, MN
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (16 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKSKDXMR195077
Stock: C03914A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-02-2025 - Price Drop$60,685great price$6,353 below market
- 45,683 miles
- No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
- 7 Seats
- Copple Chevrolet GMC (446 mi away)
Close
Located in Louisville, NE / 446 miles away from Duluth, MN
Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! 2023 Chevrolet Tahoe Z71 EcoTec3 6.2L V8 4WD 10-Speed Automatic with Overdrive SURROUND VISION CAMERA, SECOND RO...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKPKL0PR223655
Stock: L223655
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-12-2025 - New Listing$45,999great price$4,921 below market
- 78,633 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 14 City / 19 Hwy MPG
- Castle Subaru (362 mi away)
Close
Located in Mchenry, IL / 362 miles away from Duluth, MN
2021 Chevrolet Tahoe High Country Satin Steel Metallic **4WD, Heads Up Display, Navigation w/ Wireless Bluetooth (Apple Carplay & Android Auto), HD Su...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
16 Combined MPG (14 City/19 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKTKL6MR114864
Stock: M250442A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 07-31-2025 - New ListingNot Priced
- 122,662 miles
- 7 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
- Birchwood Chevrolet Buick (291 mi away)
Close
Located in Cavalier, ND / 291 miles away from Duluth, MN
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.
Features and Specs:
17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKCKC6LR186260
Stock: 5653-2
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 09-11-2025 - Price Drop$43,995great price$4,528 below market
- 70,757 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
- 7 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Richardson Chevrolet Buick (441 mi away)
Close
Located in Standish, MI / 441 miles away from Duluth, MN
** GM CERTIFIED PRE-OWNED **, ** CLEAN VEHICLE HISTORY **, ** ONE OWNER **, ** AWD / 4WD / 4X4 / FOUR WHEEL DRIVE **, Chevrolet Certified Pre-Owned Ce...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: Yes
Features and Specs:
17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKNKD2PR354969
Stock: U15271
Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
Listed since: 04-01-2025 - New Listing$46,000great price$4,609 below market
- 63,109 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
- 8 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Freedom Chevrolet (377 mi away)
Close
Located in Fremont, MI / 377 miles away from Duluth, MN
**CHECK THIS OUT** This vehicle is certified with the 10 Year / Million Mile Warranty!, Bluetooth, Backup camera, **You'll Love it!**, **Call Freedom ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: No
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKNKD4PR385155
Stock: PR385155
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 04-07-2025 - $47,900great price$9,888 below market
- 51,509 miles
- 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
- 7 Seats, 16 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Sid Dillon Chevrolet (425 mi away)
Close
Located in Fremont, NE / 425 miles away from Duluth, MN
Safe and reliable, this 2021 Chevrolet Tahoe Z71 comfortably packs in your passengers and their bags with room to spare. Warning tones headlamp on, dr...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: Yes
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (16 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKPKD5MR220870
Stock: 1T3442H
Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
Listed since: 01-25-2025 - New Listing$47,590good price$3,565 below market
- 77,378 miles
- No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 16 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Carvana (In-stock online)
- Home delivery*
Close
Located in Atlanta, GA / 983 miles away from Duluth, MN
At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (16 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKPKD6MR112709
Stock: 2004009581
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-27-2025 - $45,654great price$4,511 below market
- 96,654 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 14 City / 19 Hwy MPG
- Sid Dillon Chevrolet-Blair (413 mi away)
Close
Located in Blair, NE / 413 miles away from Duluth, MN
One Onwer! This 2021 Chevrolet Tahoe High Country comfortably packs in your passengers and their bags with room to spare. Leather/Heated/Cooled seats,...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
16 Combined MPG (14 City/19 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKTKL4MR353295
Stock: 351451A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-30-2025 - Price Drop$39,544great price$5,069 below market
- 87,224 miles
- 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 16 City / 20 Hwy MPG
- Lupient Chevrolet (143 mi away)
Close
Located in Minneapolis, MN / 143 miles away from Duluth, MN
Sale prices include convenient and competitive financing through our lenders.LOCAL TRADE-IN, 4WD, Jet Black w/Leather Seat Trim, 2-Speed Active Electr...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: No
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
18 Combined MPG (16 City/20 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKNKD0MR106652
Stock: LH25476A
Certified Pre-Owned: No
Listed since: 08-09-2025 - $52,988great price$5,448 below market
- 49,824 miles
- No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
- 7 Seats, 14 City / 19 Hwy MPG
- Symdon Chevrolet of Mount Horeb (286 mi away)
Close
Located in Mount Horeb, WI / 286 miles away from Duluth, MN
2021 Chevrolet Tahoe High Country Recent Arrival!Cherry Red TintcoatEcoTec3 6.2L V8 LOCAL TRADE, ONE OWNER, EcoTec3 6.2L V8, 4WD. Stop by our Mount Ho...
AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary
Accident Free Vehicle: Yes
Personal Use Only: Yes
History Provider: AutoCheck
Title Details: Clean Title
Salvage Vehicle: No
Frame Damage: No
Theft History: No
Lemon Status: No
Free History Report: No
Features and Specs:
16 Combined MPG (14 City/19 Highway)
Listing Information:
VIN: 1GNSKTKL9MR168613
Stock: 50355A
Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
Listed since: 07-12-2025
Showing 316 - 336 out of 2,393 listings
Consumer Reviews for the Chevrolet Tahoe
Read recent reviews for the Chevrolet Tahoe
2018 Tahoe reviews after 2 mos, 1yr,3yrs,4yrs,&6yr
Ken, 01/07/2019
2018 Chevrolet Tahoe LT 4dr SUV 4WD (5.3L 8cyl 6A)
I have owned a 99 Yukon, 99 Suburban, 2005 Suburban, and 2013 Tahoe, and all served me well. This has so much great new technology for driving, like blind spot, cross alert traffic when backing up, backup camera (which I have had and enjoyed since I put the first one in my '05 Subby) front collision alert, lane keeping, power tilt and telescoping steering wheel, & heated steering wheel, … which all came with the luxury option as I recall. It is worth it! I wish they would not make the front seats and backs with the edge bolsters on the new vehicles. It is not as comfortable for sitting as my '05 or '13, and feels narrower. Headlights got low grade because I am shopping to replace the low beam bulbs with ones that give more light and more distance. It is not an easy job since I will have to remove the air filter box on passenger side to get to bulb, but once I find ones that will last a while, (based on reviews) I am doing that upgrade. Now the good news. The wipers cannot be heard while running which is a great update. Maybe better soundproofing in the glass, but appreciated! Quiet ride, handles very well, and great tech options for phone, etc, in 8" display. Multiple displays of your choice in small screen under the speedo are also great. The one problem I am having is loud vibration in back end at low speeds. I actually took it to local Dlrship to see if they had not filled tranny at factory. New tranny oil is clear and hard to read. They said it was OK. I got an appointment to have car looked at, and on the day I went in, after 90 minutes of waiting they told me they knew my problem without bringing it in the shop. Pressure problem in fuel line going from tank is causing loud vibration of the line. Sounds like noisy rear air ride compressor running intermittently, and a lot at low speeds. They had another one just like it with same problem last week. They found TSB #17-NA-304 that explained that fuels lines need replacing. I went yesterday and had the fuel line & fuel hose replaced to fix it, and it now sounds great!. Car has just 2,100 miles.
This is my 14 month, @ 13,000 mile update- Jan 2020: There have been no problems with the Tahoe, and it has performed well. I am pleased with my latest large Chevy SUV.
I do want to add that the only real safety concern I have is the inability to see to the left and right in the evening, and at an intersection that is not well lit, like my residential neighborhood. The headlights do nothing to cover those areas, especially the right side, where I worry that as I turn right in the dark, I could come upon a pedestrian that I could not see walking. This big rig needs cornering lamps that illuminate when the directional is on to be safe in those situations. Turning on the fog lights helps a bit, but it should not have to be needed to make a turn in darkness. My 2001 Lincoln Town Car had them, and that was 19 years ago!
January 2021- 3 yr 3 month update @ 34,000 miles: The Tahoe does great in all facets. I did upgrade the OEM Michelin Energy Saver tires (treadwear rating of 480) at 30K miles for Michelin Defender LTX, which have great tread. OEMs were worn down more than I liked in terms of heading towards hydroplaning issues in water and I am happy I made the upgrade. My main complaint remains that I cannot see forward at night when taking turns, or even on dark road trying to see if anyone is walking on the shoulder. Headlights project straight forward only and not near the car. It is worst when cornering, and I worry that someone could be run over if walking in the dark because there is no visibility. I try to turn on my fog lights at night for that reason because it does help a bit with widening the lighted profile just in front of the vehicle to each side. Cornering lights would be a necessity for me to consider getting a new Tahoe. Mechanically, the Tahoe has been perfect. I average 20-21 mpg highway, and have overall 17.8 mpg since purchase (I have not reset trip 1 indicator since I did it on the test drive with 19 miles, and I use trip 2 for fill up resets. The overall MPG would be much better, but in the summer, I sit in car with A/C on while I am parked at the ocean, and do same thing with heat on in winter. This car has been everything I had hoped for (except cornering lighting issue) and the luxury package gave me all the tech I needed. I am seeing used 2018 Tahoe LT's like mine at car dealerships with similar or higher mileage that are selling for as much of more than I paid when new 3 yrs and 3 months ago, with the $10k year end discount I got.
JULY 2022- 3 yr 9 months review: Mileage just turned 39,000. Only maintenance since last review was two more synthetic oil changes at local Chevy dealer, and an alignment after getting new Michelin Defender LTX tires at 30K miles when OEM Michelins were too worn for my liking. I did replace the original battery in July 2021 (@33 months) without checking on any remaining warrantee. Otherwise, this car has performed very well. I am impressed with the ongoing quality and the comfort in the Chevy large SUVS, and after recently driving our daughter's 2019 Mercedes GLS450 while in Colorado, I prefer my 2018 Tahoe by a long shot.
July 2023, 4 yr 9 month review--- Air Conditioning unit lost all coolant and failed due to leak at a weld of fitting for the ac line to the condenser in 11/2022 at 41k miles. Condenser and new AC lines and freon had to be put thru on my non GM extended warrantee, even though there was a GM recall on several Tahoe model years up thru 2017 for exact same problem. At same visit, also had torn boot on left front axle, so axle was replaced under GM power train warrantee. Otherwise, the Tahoe keeps on going without other problems. It has 48K now in 7/2023, and is on original front and rear brakes. (My '05 full time AWD Suburban went 73K before I had to have the brakes and rotors done.) July 2024, I just traded in my Tahoe with 58,000 miles. Still on original brakes. The car served me well for almost 6 years. I still think that GM needs cornering lights for night time driving, as the areas at dark intersections are totally black when I am driving at night. I find myself turning on the fogs lights at a dark corner to make sure I am not about to hit a pedestrian in dark clothes at the corner.
FAQ
What is a good price for a used 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe?
- According to Edmunds.com's True Market Value calculations, the retail price of a used 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe's most popular trim, the LT, in great condition with 36,000 miles on its odometer, is $47,413. Prices vary by trim, region and options included.
What engine does the 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe have?
- The 2020 Chevrolet Tahoe is powered by a 5.3-liter V8 engine that produces 355 horsepower and 383 pound-feet of torque.
Filters
Skip to ResultsApplied Filters4Active
Make & Model
Year
New / Used
Price & Payments
Price Rating
Body Type
Trim
Mileage
Accidents & History
Engine & Drivetrain
Exterior Color
Interior Color
Total Seating
Edmunds Review
Features
Options & Packages
MPG
* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.