Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
24,248 listings
    • 1,926 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5l, 8cyl
    • D-Patrick Boonville Ford (395 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Boonville, IN / 395 miles away from Flint, MI

    2023 Ford F-150 XLT We want you to shop confidently for your next used car at D-Patrick Boonville Ford and We make it EASY! Buy this used vehicle 100%...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (19 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E54PKE75880
    Stock: D11930
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-02-2025

    • 13,605 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 2.7l, 6cyl
    • Two Rivers Ford (499 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Mount Juliet, TN / 499 miles away from Flint, MI

    Only 13,605 Miles! Delivers 22 Highway MPG and 19 City MPG! This Ford F-150 boasts a Regular Unleaded 2.7 L EcoBoost engine powering this Automatic tr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEW1EP7PFC40198
    Stock: 50491-1
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 3,562 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • Bob Wade Subaru (407 mi away)
    • Unique Tremor Leathe...
    • 2nd Row Heated Seats
    • Twin Panel Moonroof
    • Remote keyless entry
    • Intelligent Adaptive...
    Close

    Located in Harrisonburg, VA / 407 miles away from Flint, MI

    This 2023 Ford F-150 Tremor features: Clean CARFAX. ***Autocheck One Owner***, CLEAN CARFAX REPORT, WADE WAY CERTIFIED 6 MONTHS OR 6,000 MILE WARRANTY...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEW1E84PFC76827
    Stock: PO8786
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-31-2025

    • 8,438 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 6'7” bed, 2.7l, 6cyl
    • D-Patrick Ford Lincoln (406 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Evansville, IN / 406 miles away from Flint, MI

    2023 Ford F-150 XL **Prices listed do not include a $250 documentation fee, applicable tax, title, tags, license, or $195 service and preparation. All...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEX1EP3PKE97525
    Stock: W21116
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-10-2024

    • 22,598 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 3.5l, 6cyl
    • Driveway (32 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Waterford, MI / 32 miles away from Flint, MI

    Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assist,Leather Se...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (15 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1RG6PFC65334
    Stock: PFC65334P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 5,460 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 3.5l, 6cyl
    • Hawk Ford of St Charles (247 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Saint Charles, IL / 247 miles away from Flint, MI

    Scores 22 Highway MPG and 19 City MPG! This Ford F-150 boasts a Regular Unleaded V6 3.5 L EcoBoost engine powering this Automatic transmission. WHEELS...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E80PFC20341
    Stock: F230463
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2023

    • 15,135 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • Performance Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram of Columbus (219 mi away)
    • Four Wheel Drive
    • Back-Up Camera
    • Apple CarPlay
    • Blind Spot Monitor
    • Keyless Entry
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 219 miles away from Flint, MI

    PRICED $3074 BELOW KBB FAIR PURCHASE PRICE!!! Recent Arrival! REMAINDER OF FACTORY WARRANTY, BACKUP CAMERA, BLUE TOOTH, NAVIGATION GPS NAV, 4WD, 8-Way...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E87PFC23589
    Stock: PFC23589
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

    • 21,472 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • Germain Ford of Columbus (206 mi away)
    • 4WD
    • Leather Seats
    • Heated Front Seat(s)
    • Panoramic sunroof
    • Back-Up Camera
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 206 miles away from Flint, MI

    PANORAMIC SUNROOF, Backup Camera, Bluetooth, Automatic Headlights, Heated and Cooled Seats, Touch Screen, Navigation, 2nd Row Heated Seats, 4x4 FX4 Of...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E86PFC31425
    Stock: P12315
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • New Listing
    $37,995
    fair price
    $1,129 above market
    • 59,123 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 5l, 8cyl
    • Bergstrom Chevrolet of Green Bay (239 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Green Bay, WI / 239 miles away from Flint, MI

    Recent Arrival! 2021 Ford F-150 XLT Silver 4WD 5.0L V8CLOTH, POWER DRIVER SEAT, HEATED FRONT SEATS, ANDROID AUTO & APPLE PLAY, BLUETOOTH(R) CONNECTI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (19 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E58MFC43237
    Stock: C255381A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

    • 3,098 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5'7” bed, 3.5l, 6cyl
    • Timeless Motorcars (457 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 457 miles away from Flint, MI

    Timeless Motorcars we Thrive on our Customer Service and the capability to Provide cars to the community at a Fair Price. When you buy from Timeless M...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (15 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1RGXMFC25589
    Stock: C25589
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 8,434 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5'7” bed, 3.5l, 6cyl
    • D-Patrick Ford Lincoln (406 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Evansville, IN / 406 miles away from Flint, MI

    2023 Ford F-150 XLT We want you to shop confidently for your next used car at The BIG Ford Store, D-Patrick Ford. We are located on Highway 41 and Wal...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E84PKF88111
    Stock: W21470
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 10-15-2024

    • 22,484 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 5l, 8cyl
    • Alma Ford (54 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Alma, MI / 54 miles away from Flint, MI

    SUPER LOW MILES, CLEAN CARFAX, MUST SEE ACCIDENT FREE, ANDROID, APPLE CAR Play, FULLY SERVICED - 172 POINT Safety Inspection, *REMOTE START*, F-150 XL...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E50MFC54989
    Stock: 6609P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-20-2025

  • $26,333
    fair price
    $358 above market
    • 80,010 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 6'7” bed, 2.7l, 6cyl
    • Fair Oaks Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram (434 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 434 miles away from Flint, MI

    2021 Ford F-150 XLCARFAX One-Owner.F-150 XL, Super Cab, 2.7L V6 EcoBoost, 10-Speed Automatic, 4WD, Blue, Medium Dark Slate. This vehicle comes wit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEX1EP1MKE31101
    Stock: PMKE31101
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-05-2025

    • 18,291 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • Rick Ridings Ford (327 mi away)
    • Heated Driver Seat
    • Panoramic Roof
    • Back-Up Camera
    • Apple CarPlay
    • Blind Spot Monitor
    Close

    Located in Monticello, IL / 327 miles away from Flint, MI

    Heated Seats, Sunroof, Navigation, Satellite Radio, Running Boards, Alloy Wheels, Back-Up Camera, ENGINE: 3.5L V6 ECOBOOST, TRANSMISSION: ELECTRONIC 1...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEW1E84PFD01046
    Stock: F250229
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-24-2025

    • 21,872 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • Germain Ford of Columbus (206 mi away)
    • 4WD
    • Leather Seats
    • Heated Front Seat(s)
    • Panoramic sunroof
    • Back-Up Camera
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 206 miles away from Flint, MI

    PANORAMIC SUNROOF, Backup Camera, Bluetooth, Automatic Headlights, Heated and Cooled Seats, Keyless Access with Push Button Technology, Touch Screen, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E85PKE77468
    Stock: P12308
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 36,145 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 2.7l, 6cyl
    • Walser Polar Chevrolet (483 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in White Bear Lake, MN / 483 miles away from Flint, MI

    *Clean Carfax!**New Rear Brakes / Rotors! ($1,000+ in Value!)*At Walser, you'll get an exceptional car-buying experience. Our *streamlined process* me...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEW1EP8MKD66895
    Stock: C3037
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-05-2025

    • 9 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 3.5l, 6cyl
    • Gilboy Ford (453 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Whitehall, PA / 453 miles away from Flint, MI

    NEW 2023 FORD F-150 LEFT OVER. Need to see this one. Stop in today and save the Gilboy Way!! Gilboy Knows What Your Looking For. Gilboy's Got IT!!

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1E8XPKG03145
    Stock: 237054
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-02-2025

    • 22,148 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'7” bed, 5.2l, 8cyl
    • Loudon Motors Ford (208 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Minerva, OH / 208 miles away from Flint, MI

    CARFAX One-Owner.***CRYSTAL CLEAR PRICING***, *VISIT OUR WEBSITE FOR A FREE CARFAX***FORD GOLD CERTIFIED***LOUDON CLEAR BEST DEALS ***SPECIAL EDITIO...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    12 Combined MPG (10 City/15 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1RJXPFA00007
    Stock: 12942R
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-08-2025

    • 9,333 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • Dulles Kia (420 mi away)
    • Rear view camera
    • Remote keyless entry
    • Intelligent Adaptive...
    • Connected Built-In N...
    • Integrated Trailer B...
    Close

    Located in Leesburg, VA / 420 miles away from Flint, MI

    TREMOR SERIES 4X4, EQUIPMENT GROUP 401A, 3.5L ECOBOOST V6, 10-SPEED AUTO, FORD CO-PILOT360 2.0, LANE KEEPING SYSTEM, PRE-COLLISION ASSIST WITH AUTOMAT...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEW1E87PFD02286
    Stock: P4132
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • Price Drop
    $35,272
    great price
    $8,632 below market
    • 14,891 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'7” bed, 2.7l, 6cyl
    • Old Orchard Nissan (219 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Skokie, IL / 219 miles away from Flint, MI

    Odometer is 20260 miles below market average! 19/24 City/Highway MPGXLT2022 Ford F-150 XLTAgate Black Metallic 2.7L V6 EcoBoost 4WD 10-Speed Automatic...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (19 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTEW1EPXNFC03806
    Stock: Z2251
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-09-2025

  • Price Drop
    $40,972
    great price
    $12,343 below market
    • 21,858 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5'7” bed, 3.5l, 6cyl
    • Old Orchard Nissan (219 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Skokie, IL / 219 miles away from Flint, MI

    Odometer is 19379 miles below market average! 23/23 City/Highway MPGLariat2022 Ford F-150 LariatAgate Black Metallic 3.5L PowerBoost Full-Hybrid V6 4W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTFW1ED8NFB05500
    Stock: Z1067
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 10-11-2024

Showing 1,723 - 1,743 out of 24,248 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Ford F-150

Read recent reviews for the Ford F-150
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars46 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 46 reviews
  • 5 star
    (72%)
  • 4 star
    (4%)
  • 3 star
    (7%)
  • 2 star
    (7%)
  • 1 star
    (11%)
5 out of 5 stars

DKGF150

DKGF150, 05/27/2022
2022 Ford F-150 Lariat 4dr SuperCab 4WD 8 ft. LB (5.0L 8cyl 10A)
I very much enjoy driving this F150. It is my second. It rides beautifully, handles well and is very comfortable. I do, however, have a few comments for improvement. First of all, there is no written owner's manual. Having it as part of the "display" system is fine, but difficult to access and use especially when outside the cab. Second, the instrument panel should be backlit all the … time. The black buttons are difficult to read even in daylight. Third, features like seat warmers, steering wheel warmer and such should go back to zero once the engine is turned off.
Report abuse

Used 2023 Ford F-150 in Flint, MI Values

Estimated values
2023 Ford F-150 XLT 4dr SuperCrew 4WD 5.5 ft. SB (5.0L 8cyl 10A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$34,008$35,746$37,703
Clean$33,561$35,216$37,080
Average$32,816$34,331$36,041
Rough$31,847$33,181$34,690

The average list price of a used 2023 Ford F-150 in Flint, Michigan is $54,354. The average mileage on a used Ford F-150 2023 for sale in Flint, Michigan is 19,519. Based on the average mileage of 19,519 for used 2023 Ford F-150 for sale in Flint, MI and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Ford F-150 2023 in Flint, Michigan to be $32,816.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Truck Details

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.