Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
422 listings
    • 126,640 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Cars R Us (49 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Stone Mountain, GA / 49 miles away from Athens, GA

    Offering Easy Financing Options. NO Credit check and NO proof of income required with our In-House financing. Bank financing is also available with ap...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LHAF72JD052153
    Stock: M366
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • New Listing
    • 72,300 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Salt Lake City, UT / 1,624 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LHAF78JD053646
    Stock: 2004069321
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2025

  • New Listing
    • 75,839 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 624 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1AHAF73JD004216
    Stock: 2003996550
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-29-2025

    • 78,730 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Butler Honda (59 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Milledgeville, GA / 59 miles away from Athens, GA

    Thank you for choosing Butler Honda, this Glacier White Metallic 2018 Audi Q7 Prestige is a great choice! Check out the following:City 19/ Hwy 25 Cold...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF76JD012901
    Stock: HX8796
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-12-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 64,065 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 2,129 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LHAF71JD003123
    Stock: 2004013636
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

    • 74,345 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in New York City, NY / 699 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF7XJD015039
    Stock: 2003986674
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 60,243 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 2,129 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LAAF72JD043585
    Stock: 2004013869
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-28-2025

    • 78,920 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 777 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF72JD036368
    Stock: 2004028645
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-29-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 60,866 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 430 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LAAF73JD038380
    Stock: 2004007890
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-29-2025

  • New Listing
    • 54,791 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from NY to GA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Rochester, NY / 701 miles away from Athens, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LHAF7XJD026769
    Stock: 27110354
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 40,461 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to GA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Fremont, CA / 2,163 miles away from Athens, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LHAF7XJD040221
    Stock: 27816902
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 58,215 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from UT to GA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    Close

    Located in South Jordan, UT / 1,625 miles away from Athens, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LAAF78JD043901
    Stock: 27601710
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 61,891 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 527 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LHAF75JD017591
    Stock: 2004069860
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2025

  • New Listing
    $31,900
    good price
    $2,144 below market
    • 47,877 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Autosphere Georgia (38 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Buford, GA / 38 miles away from Athens, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VXAF72LD004537
    Stock: LD004537
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 54,892 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Autonomous Auto Group (65 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Marietta, GA / 65 miles away from Athens, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF77JD025401
    Stock: JD025401A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-03-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 54,346 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 410 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF78JD002449
    Stock: 2003803292
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • New Listing
    • 42,489 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to GA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    Close

    Located in Irvine, CA / 1,964 miles away from Athens, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LAAF78JD014351
    Stock: 27807153
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 116,000 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • iMatch Auto (72 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Fayetteville, GA / 72 miles away from Athens, GA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF76JD037264
    Stock: 037264
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-08-2025

    • 46,814 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 777 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF7XJD010343
    Stock: 2004040587
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

  • New Listing
    • 45,826 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 17 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Norcross (46 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Norcross, GA / 46 miles away from Athens, GA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (17 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VXAF72LD000908
    Stock: 27699864
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 60,337 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 19 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Heated seats
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 810 miles away from Athens, GA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (19 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1VAAF7XJD041320
    Stock: 2004060171
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

Showing 43 - 63 out of 422 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Audi Q7

Read recent reviews for the Audi Q7
Overall Consumer Rating
3.7 out of 5 stars75 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 75 reviews
  • 5 star
    (51%)
  • 4 star
    (16%)
  • 3 star
    (5%)
  • 2 star
    (11%)
  • 1 star
    (17%)
5 out of 5 stars

I love this SUV

Mainul, 01/10/2018
2018 Audi Q7 2.0T Premium Plus quattro 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
Update after a year: I lowered the Interior rating to 3 stars. I'm very conscious of unwanted cabin sounds, especially rattling noises. They ruin the driving experience for me. Around the 8 month mark, I had to take it to the dealer for a door rattle that turned out to be related to a defect in the window rail. I also hear some soft fluttering sounds from the roof area (with the … curtain/shade open or closed) ... but it's intermittent and the dealer apparently won't even look at it if I can't reproduce it with one of their mechanics on a drive-along. The door pockets are hard molded plastic and makes some water bottles rattle. -------------------------- First, the negatives: There are a few things that are a little irritating. I sometimes bump my knee against the dash when getting in. The seat can be adjusted, of course, but when you are in hurry (like when it's raining), I suspect you'd bump your knee. The dash and headlight controls could be pushed a little further in. Also, I sometimes hear some low level vibration in the rear door panels. I think it is more noticeable when my daughter puts her water bottle in the door pocket, but sturdier materials would probably help with the noise. Also the dash panel switches are brushed plastic type things. BMW uses more glossy materials which just look better. But the thing handles like a boss. The acceleration is pretty impressive, even for the 2.0 T. I switch between the Dynamic and Sport mode mostly and performance level change is incredible. Only had this for a month, so reliability questions are not applicable. The seats are spacious and comfortable. The 3rd row can seat average sized adults if needed. The trunk has plenty of space. The panorama roof if beautiful. The cabin lights, exterior lights, and assist lights are thoughtfully designed and soberly placed (not a glaring bright wash of harsh lights when you open the door). The cameras and console display are great. The LCD display on the dash is very useful and adjustable. And the handling! Yes, the handling! All in all, a winner. I'd buy it again!
Report abuse

Used 2018 Audi Q7 in Athens, GA Values

Estimated values
2018 Audi Q7 2.0T Premium Plus quattro 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$14,444$16,238$17,716
Clean$14,092$15,834$17,265
Average$13,506$15,160$16,513
Rough$12,744$14,284$15,536

The average list price of a used 2018 Audi Q7 in Athens, Georgia is $24,779. The average mileage on a used Audi Q7 2018 for sale in Athens, Georgia is 65,518. Based on the average mileage of 65,518 for used 2018 Audi Q7 for sale in Athens, GA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Audi Q7 2018 in Athens, Georgia to be $13,506.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.