Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
280 listings
  • $18,700
    good price
    $3,214 below market
    • 65,242 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Lease Return Center (370 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Triangle, VA / 370 miles away from Columbia, SC

    **WE FINANCE**2016 MERCEDES BENZ CLS400**NAVIGATION SYSTEM**BACK-UP CAMERA**BLUETOOTH**PUSH START**KEYLESS ENTRY**HEATED SEATS**MEMORY SEATS**PUSH STA...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6FB5GA168572
    Stock: 168572
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $27,990
    great price
    $1,948 below market
    • 45,460 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Atlanta (196 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 196 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7DB6GA170694
    Stock: 2003760377
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-23-2025

  • $21,000
    fair price
    $1,344 below market
    • 61,865 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Catonsville (429 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Baltimore, MD / 429 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! Odometer is 19426 miles below market average! 2016 Mercedes-Benz CLS 400 4MATIC®, 4D Sedan, 3.0L V6 BiTurbo, 4MA...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6HB7GA162270
    Stock: 000P7488
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-06-2025

    • 66,871 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use
    • 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Chevrolet GMC of Mount Vernon (442 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Mount Vernon, OH / 442 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Clean CARFAX.Excellent Service History, Backup Camera, Heated Seats, Heated Steering Wheel, Leather Seats, Moonroof/Sunroof, Navigation.Odometer ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7GB6GA169749
    Stock: 4766
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-29-2025

  • New Listing
    $28,590
    good price
    $1,467 below market
    • 38,332 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Columbus (421 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 421 miles away from Columbia, SC

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7DB3GA166604
    Stock: 2003601054
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-27-2025

    • 98,113 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Royal Auto Club (389 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Sterling, VA / 389 miles away from Columbia, SC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7GB8GA180168
    Stock: SAI3051
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 80,489 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Xtreme Motorsports (338 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Enterprise, AL / 338 miles away from Columbia, SC

    FEEL FREE TO TEXT/CALL OR EMAIL US ANYTIME WITH QUESTIONS 334-464-5391. WE OFFER FINANCE OPTIONS AND HAVE PROGRAMS FOR ALL TYPES OF CREDIT. FILL OUT ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6FB5GA172511
    Stock: 05-2511
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $24,450
    great price
    $4,806 below market
    • 45,275 miles
    • 4 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Prime Motors (394 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 394 miles away from Columbia, SC

    ASK ABOUT OUR MD INSPECTION PROGRAMVideo walk-around, virtual test drives, E-purchase, shipping , financing and we accept all trades. Call/Text 703-67...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ9BB4HA198283
    Stock: 198283
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 70,312 miles
    • 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • America's Xtreme Auto Georgia (199 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 199 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Contact AX Auto today for information on dozens of vehicles like this 2016 Mercedes-Benz CLS CLS 400. The Mercedes-Benz CLS CLS 400's pristine good lo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6HB3GA178742
    Stock: 16722
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-24-2025

  • $10,995
    great price
    $2,170 below market
    • 144,046 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarPro Auto Sales (329 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Chesapeake, VA / 329 miles away from Columbia, SC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6FB4FA145766
    Stock: 145766
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-25-2025

  • $17,990
    great price
    $2,226 below market
    • 70,533 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • EZ Auto Sales (364 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 364 miles away from Columbia, SC

    ***Visit www.EzAutoSalesVa.com to view our inventory*** Offering the BEST PRICES AVAILABLE, NATIONWIDE DELIVERY, and EXTENDED WARRANTY OPTIONS. At EZ ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6HB4FA146249
    Stock: EZA5690
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $22,450
    fair price
    $1,025 below market
    • 95,723 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Hill-Kelly Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (441 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Pensacola, FL / 441 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Sunroof/Moonroof, Flatscreen display, Navigation (NAVI/ GPS), Dual Zone Auto Climate Control, Dual power heated & ventilated leather seats, Active Lan...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7DB8HA195405
    Stock: T743111
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-17-2025

  • New Listing
    $25,967
    good price
    $1,291 below market
    • 63,504 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of Sarasota (480 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sarasota, FL / 480 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Sun/MoonroofLeather SeatsNavigation SystemKeyless StartThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* and passed our precise inspection process. ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7DB6HA197251
    Stock: HA197251
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • $17,990
    good price
    $876 below market
    • 94,058 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • EZ Auto Sales (364 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Stafford, VA / 364 miles away from Columbia, SC

    ***Visit www.EzAutoSalesVa.com to view our inventory*** Offering the BEST PRICES AVAILABLE, NATIONWIDE DELIVERY, and EXTENDED WARRANTY OPTIONS. At EZ ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6HB9FA152970
    Stock: TEZ966
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Photos not available
    $11,595
    fair price
    $778 above market
    • 136,646 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Global Auto Outlet (398 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Temple Hills, MD / 398 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Estimated monthly payment and estimated total purchase price include the Maryland processing fee of $800 (not required by law). Taxes and additional f...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ9BB6FA153990
    Stock: 153990T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • $11,163
    great price
    $5,003 below market
    • 105,528 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 17 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Carget Motors (377 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Woodbridge, VA / 377 miles away from Columbia, SC

    This 2014 Mercedes-Benz CLS 550 4MATIC blends powerful performance with sleek, coupe-like styling in a four-door sedan package that exudes elegance an...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ9BB0EA119641
    Stock: 119641
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-30-2025

  • $13,890
    great price
    $3,755 below market
    • 113,791 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • STG Auto Brokers (382 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 382 miles away from Columbia, SC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6FB8GA163608
    Stock: 163608C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 78,965 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 20 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Mira Auto Sales (407 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 407 miles away from Columbia, SC

    **2015 Mercedes Benz CLS 400** - **Mileage: 78XXX - **Engine: 3.0L V6 Twin Turbocharger - **Title: CLEAN - **Drivetrain: RWD **Features** - **Leat...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6FB4FA138672
    Stock: 138672
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2025

    • 78,375 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 17 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • 95 Motors (372 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Dumfries, VA / 372 miles away from Columbia, SC

    It is the consumer's sole responsibility to verify the existence and condition of any equipment listed. 95 MOTORS is not responsible for misprints on ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (17 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7DB0FA137172
    Stock: NTY1926
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $16,900
    great price
    $2,759 below market
    • 91,349 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 19 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • 615 Auto Group (207 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fairburn, GA / 207 miles away from Columbia, SC

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (19 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ6HB6GA167072
    Stock: 167072
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-22-2024

  • New Listing
    $33,992
    fair price
    $4,525 below market
    • 54,425 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Gravity Autos Roswell (189 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Roswell, GA / 189 miles away from Columbia, SC

    Recent Arrival!$9K IN UPGRADES, $75,150 MSRP, 14 Speakers, 3-Spoke AMG® Sport Steering Wheel, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, ABS brakes, Adaptive suspension,...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WDDLJ7DB8JA205422
    Stock: 205422
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 280 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class

Read recent reviews for the Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class
Overall Consumer Rating
4.4 out of 5 stars36 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 36 reviews
  • 5 star
    (69%)
  • 4 star
    (11%)
  • 3 star
    (14%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

CLS400 CAR I EVER OWNED

abacomike, 12/06/2013
2014 Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class CLS550 4dr Sedan (4.7L 8cyl Turbo 7A)
Just purchased a new 2014 Mercedes CLS 550 (MSRP $82,210). I usually purchase E350 Sedans, but because of the superior, outstanding deal I got on this vehicle, I could not resist. First noticeable difference is the outstanding power and performance - 402 hp in a 4.7 liter V8. Fit and Finish are outstanding. Interior design and comfort in front seats is astounding. The ride is smoother … and more refined than anything I have ever driven. The car is "dead-out" gorgeous. Safety features like lane-tracking, blind spot monitors and PARKTRONIC are comforting and impeccably designed. Harman/Kardon audio system is unsurpassed in clarity and sound separation. Best car I have ever owned.
Report abuse

Used 2016 Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class in Columbia, SC Values

Estimated values
2016 Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class CLS 400 4dr Sedan (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 7A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$14,586$18,783$21,766
Clean$14,003$17,996$20,813
Average$13,032$16,685$19,224
Rough$11,769$14,980$17,158

The average list price of a used 2016 Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class in Columbia, South Carolina is $22,302. The average mileage on a used Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class 2016 for sale in Columbia, South Carolina is 80,900. Based on the average mileage of 80,900 for used 2016 Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class for sale in Columbia, SC and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class 2016 in Columbia, South Carolina to be $13,032.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.